We present a low frequency watermarking method
adaptive to image content. The image content is analyzed and
properties of HVS are exploited to generate a visual mask of the
same size as the approximation image. Using this mask we embed the
watermark in the approximation image without degrading the image
quality. Watermark detection is performed without using the original
image. Experimental results show that the proposed watermarking
method is robust against most common image processing operations,
which can be easily implemented and usually do not degrade the
image quality.
[1] Cox, J. Kilian, F.T. Leighton, and T. Shamoon, "Secure spread
spectrum watermarking for multimedia", IEEE Trans. Image
Processing, Vol. 6, No 12, pp. 1673-1689, Dec 1997.
[2] C-T. Hsu and J-L. Wu, "Hidden digital watermarks in images", IEEE
Trans. Image Processing, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 58-68, Jan 1999.
[3] E. Koch and J. Zhao, "Towards robust and hidden image copyrights
labeling", Proceedings of the Nonlinear Signal Processing Workshop,
pp. 452-455, Thessaloniki, Greece, 1995.
[4] X.-G. Xia, C.G. Boncelet, and G. R. Arce, "Wavelet transform based
watermark for digital images", Optics Express, Vol. 3, No. 12, pp.
497-505, Dec. 1998.
[5] C.I. Podilchuk and W.Zeng, "Image-adaptive watermarking using
visual models", IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,
Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 525-539, May 1998.
[6] M. Barni, F. Bartolini, and A. Piva, "Improved wavelet-based
watermarking through pixel-wise masking", IEEE Trans. Image
Processing, Vol. 10, No. 5, pp. 783-791, May 2001.
[7] N. Kaewkamnerd and K.R. Rao, "Multiresolution based image
adaptive watermarking scheme", EUSIPCO 2000, Tampere, Finland,
Sept. 2000.
[8] G. Nicchiott and Ottaviani, "Non-invertible statistical wavelet
watermarking," EUSIPCO-98, pp. 2289-2292, Rhodes, Greece, 1998.
[9] D. Tzovaras, N. Karagiannis, and M. G. Strintzis, "Robust image
watermarking in the subband or discrete cosine transform,"
EUSIPCO-98, pp. 2285-2288, Rhodes, Greece, 1998.
[10] J. Huang, Y. Q. Shi and Y. Shi, "Embedding image watermarks in DC
components", IEEE2 Trans. Circuits and Systems for Video
Technology, Vol. 10, No. 6, pp. 974-979, 2000.
[11] D. Taskovski, "Adaptive Watermarking For Digital Images
Protection", PhD Thesis. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Skopje.
June 2004.
[12] Pitas, "A method for signature casting of digital images," ICIP-96,
Lausanne, Switzerland, pp. 2215-2218, 1996.
[13] A. Said and W. Pearlman, "A new fast end efficient image codec based
on set partitioning in hierarchical trees", IEEE Trans. Circuits and
Systems for Video Tech., pp. 243-250, Vol. 6, No. 3, 1996.
[1] Cox, J. Kilian, F.T. Leighton, and T. Shamoon, "Secure spread
spectrum watermarking for multimedia", IEEE Trans. Image
Processing, Vol. 6, No 12, pp. 1673-1689, Dec 1997.
[2] C-T. Hsu and J-L. Wu, "Hidden digital watermarks in images", IEEE
Trans. Image Processing, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 58-68, Jan 1999.
[3] E. Koch and J. Zhao, "Towards robust and hidden image copyrights
labeling", Proceedings of the Nonlinear Signal Processing Workshop,
pp. 452-455, Thessaloniki, Greece, 1995.
[4] X.-G. Xia, C.G. Boncelet, and G. R. Arce, "Wavelet transform based
watermark for digital images", Optics Express, Vol. 3, No. 12, pp.
497-505, Dec. 1998.
[5] C.I. Podilchuk and W.Zeng, "Image-adaptive watermarking using
visual models", IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,
Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 525-539, May 1998.
[6] M. Barni, F. Bartolini, and A. Piva, "Improved wavelet-based
watermarking through pixel-wise masking", IEEE Trans. Image
Processing, Vol. 10, No. 5, pp. 783-791, May 2001.
[7] N. Kaewkamnerd and K.R. Rao, "Multiresolution based image
adaptive watermarking scheme", EUSIPCO 2000, Tampere, Finland,
Sept. 2000.
[8] G. Nicchiott and Ottaviani, "Non-invertible statistical wavelet
watermarking," EUSIPCO-98, pp. 2289-2292, Rhodes, Greece, 1998.
[9] D. Tzovaras, N. Karagiannis, and M. G. Strintzis, "Robust image
watermarking in the subband or discrete cosine transform,"
EUSIPCO-98, pp. 2285-2288, Rhodes, Greece, 1998.
[10] J. Huang, Y. Q. Shi and Y. Shi, "Embedding image watermarks in DC
components", IEEE2 Trans. Circuits and Systems for Video
Technology, Vol. 10, No. 6, pp. 974-979, 2000.
[11] D. Taskovski, "Adaptive Watermarking For Digital Images
Protection", PhD Thesis. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Skopje.
June 2004.
[12] Pitas, "A method for signature casting of digital images," ICIP-96,
Lausanne, Switzerland, pp. 2215-2218, 1996.
[13] A. Said and W. Pearlman, "A new fast end efficient image codec based
on set partitioning in hierarchical trees", IEEE Trans. Circuits and
Systems for Video Tech., pp. 243-250, Vol. 6, No. 3, 1996.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:57677", author = "Dimitar Taskovski and Sofija Bogdanova and Momcilo Bogdanov", title = "Blind Low Frequency Watermarking Method", abstract = "We present a low frequency watermarking method
adaptive to image content. The image content is analyzed and
properties of HVS are exploited to generate a visual mask of the
same size as the approximation image. Using this mask we embed the
watermark in the approximation image without degrading the image
quality. Watermark detection is performed without using the original
image. Experimental results show that the proposed watermarking
method is robust against most common image processing operations,
which can be easily implemented and usually do not degrade the
image quality.", keywords = "Blind, digital watermarking, low frequency, visualmask.", volume = "2", number = "8", pages = "1658-5", }