Assessment of Sediment Quality in the West Port Based On the Index Analysis Approach
The coastal sediments of West Port of Malaysia was monitored from Nov. 2009 to Oct. 2010 to assess spatial distribution of heavy metals As, Cu, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Zn and Pb. Sediment samples were collected from 10 stations in dry and rainy season in West Port. The range concentrations measured (Mg/g dry weight ) were from 23.4 to 98.3 for Zn, 22.3 to 80 for Pb, 7.4 to 27.6 Cu, 0.244 to 3.53 for Cd, 7.2 to 22.2 for Ni, 20.2 to 162 for As, 0.11 to 0.409 for Hg and 11.5 to 61.5 for Cr. The geochemical indexes used in this study were Geoaccumulation (Igeo), Contamination Factor (CF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI); these indexes were used to evaluate the levels of sediment contaminations. The results of these indexes show that, the status of West Port sediment quality are moderately polluted by heavy metals except in arsenic which shows the high level of pollution.
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E., (2004).Heavy metal distribution in sediments from Calabar River,
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Metal Contamination in Sado.Estuary Sediment: An Index Analysis
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[3] van Valine, S.P. and B.J. Morse, 2003. Techniques in soil analysis. In
Procedures of Soil Analysis, ed., van Reeuwijk, L. P., Oxford: Blackwell
Scientific Publications.
[4] Chong ,V.C.,Sasekumar,A.,Leh,M.U.C.and D-Cruz,R.,1990. The fish
and prawn communities of a Malaysian coastal mangrove system. With
comparisons to adjacent mudflats and inshore waters.Est Coasta Shelf
Science 31:703-722.
[5] El Nemar,A.,Khaled,A.,Sikaily,A.E.,(2006). Distribution and Statistical
Analysis of Leachable and total Heavy Metals in the Sediments of the
Suez Gulf. Environ.Monit.Assess.,118: 89-112.
[6] Muller, G. (1979): Schwermetalle in den sedimenten des Rheins-
VeraÈnderungenseit. Umschau 79:778-783. In: Green-Ruiz, C. &
PaÂez-Osuna, F. 2001). Heavy metal Anomalies in Lagoon Sediments
related to Intensive Agriculture in Altata-Ensenada del PabelloÂn
coastal system (SE Gulf of California). Environment International. 26,
265-273.
[7] Singh, A. K., Hasnain, S. I. & Banerjee, D. K. (2003): Grain Size and
Geochemical Portioning of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Damodar
River- A Tributary of the Lower Ganga, India. Environmental Geology.
39, 90-98.
[8] Turekian, K. K., Wedepohl, K. H. 1961. Distribution of the elements in
some major units of the Earth-s crust. - Bull. Geol. Soc. America, 72, 2;
175ÔÇö192.
[9] Tomlinson, D. L., Wilson, J. G., Hariis, C. R. & Jeffrey, D. W. (1980):
Problems in the Assessment of Heavy Metal Levels in Estuaries and the
Formation of a Pollution Index. Helgoländer Meeresunters. 33, 566-575.
[10] Weng, H., Zhang, X., Chen, X., Wu, N., (2003). The stability of the
relative content ratios of Cu, Pb and Zn in soils and sediments. Environ.
Geo., 45: 79-85.
[11] Wang, X., Qin, Y., (2006). Spatial Distribution of Metals in Urban
Topsoils of Xuzhou (China): Controlling Factors and Environmental
Implications. Environ. Geol., 49: 905-914.
[12] Loska, K. and D. Wiechuła, 2003. Application of principal component
analysis for the estimation of source of heavy metal contamination in
surface sediments from the Rybnik Reservoir. Chemosphere, 51: 723-
733. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00187-5.
[1] Soc. Am. Bull., 72:175-92.In:Ntekim,E.E. U., Ekwere, S. J., Ukpong, E.
E., (2004).Heavy metal distribution in sediments from Calabar River,
Southeastern Nigeria. Environ. Geo.,21:237-241.
[2] Caeiro, S., Costa, M. H., Ramos, T. B., Fernandes, F., Silveira, N.,
Coimbra, A., Medeiros, G. & Painho, M. (2005): Assessing Heavy
Metal Contamination in Sado.Estuary Sediment: An Index Analysis
Approach.Ecological Indicators. 5, 151-169.
[3] van Valine, S.P. and B.J. Morse, 2003. Techniques in soil analysis. In
Procedures of Soil Analysis, ed., van Reeuwijk, L. P., Oxford: Blackwell
Scientific Publications.
[4] Chong ,V.C.,Sasekumar,A.,Leh,M.U.C.and D-Cruz,R.,1990. The fish
and prawn communities of a Malaysian coastal mangrove system. With
comparisons to adjacent mudflats and inshore waters.Est Coasta Shelf
Science 31:703-722.
[5] El Nemar,A.,Khaled,A.,Sikaily,A.E.,(2006). Distribution and Statistical
Analysis of Leachable and total Heavy Metals in the Sediments of the
Suez Gulf. Environ.Monit.Assess.,118: 89-112.
[6] Muller, G. (1979): Schwermetalle in den sedimenten des Rheins-
VeraÈnderungenseit. Umschau 79:778-783. In: Green-Ruiz, C. &
PaÂez-Osuna, F. 2001). Heavy metal Anomalies in Lagoon Sediments
related to Intensive Agriculture in Altata-Ensenada del PabelloÂn
coastal system (SE Gulf of California). Environment International. 26,
265-273.
[7] Singh, A. K., Hasnain, S. I. & Banerjee, D. K. (2003): Grain Size and
Geochemical Portioning of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Damodar
River- A Tributary of the Lower Ganga, India. Environmental Geology.
39, 90-98.
[8] Turekian, K. K., Wedepohl, K. H. 1961. Distribution of the elements in
some major units of the Earth-s crust. - Bull. Geol. Soc. America, 72, 2;
175ÔÇö192.
[9] Tomlinson, D. L., Wilson, J. G., Hariis, C. R. & Jeffrey, D. W. (1980):
Problems in the Assessment of Heavy Metal Levels in Estuaries and the
Formation of a Pollution Index. Helgoländer Meeresunters. 33, 566-575.
[10] Weng, H., Zhang, X., Chen, X., Wu, N., (2003). The stability of the
relative content ratios of Cu, Pb and Zn in soils and sediments. Environ.
Geo., 45: 79-85.
[11] Wang, X., Qin, Y., (2006). Spatial Distribution of Metals in Urban
Topsoils of Xuzhou (China): Controlling Factors and Environmental
Implications. Environ. Geol., 49: 905-914.
[12] Loska, K. and D. Wiechuła, 2003. Application of principal component
analysis for the estimation of source of heavy metal contamination in
surface sediments from the Rybnik Reservoir. Chemosphere, 51: 723-
733. DOI: 10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00187-5.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:57787", author = "S.B. Tavakoly Sany and A. Salleh and A.H. Sulaiman and G.H. Monazami", title = "Assessment of Sediment Quality in the West Port Based On the Index Analysis Approach", abstract = "The coastal sediments of West Port of Malaysia was monitored from Nov. 2009 to Oct. 2010 to assess spatial distribution of heavy metals As, Cu, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Zn and Pb. Sediment samples were collected from 10 stations in dry and rainy season in West Port. The range concentrations measured (Mg/g dry weight ) were from 23.4 to 98.3 for Zn, 22.3 to 80 for Pb, 7.4 to 27.6 Cu, 0.244 to 3.53 for Cd, 7.2 to 22.2 for Ni, 20.2 to 162 for As, 0.11 to 0.409 for Hg and 11.5 to 61.5 for Cr. The geochemical indexes used in this study were Geoaccumulation (Igeo), Contamination Factor (CF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI); these indexes were used to evaluate the levels of sediment contaminations. The results of these indexes show that, the status of West Port sediment quality are moderately polluted by heavy metals except in arsenic which shows the high level of pollution.
", keywords = "Heavy metals, Sediment Quality, West Port.", volume = "7", number = "1", pages = "21-4", }
