An Example of Post-Harvest Thermotherapy as a Non-Chemical Method of Pathogen Control on Apples of Topaz Cultivar in Storage
Huge losses in apple production are caused by pathogens that cannot be seen shortly after harvest. After-harvest thermotherapy treatments can considerably improve control of storage diseases on apples and become an alternative to chemical pesticides. In the years 2010-2012 carried out research in this area. Apples of 'Topaz' cultivar were harvested at optimal maturity time for long storage and subject to water bath treatment at 45, 50, 52, 55°C for 60, 120, 180 and 240 seconds. The control was untreated fruits. After 12 and 24 weeks and during so called simulated trade turnover the fruits were checked for their condition and the originators of diseases were determined by using the standard phytopathological methods. The most common originator of 'Topaz' apple infection during storage were the fungi of genus Gloeosporium. In this paper it was proven that for effective protection of 'Topaz' apples against diseases, thermotherapy by using water treatments at temperature range of 50-52°C is quite sufficient.
[1] A. Auinger, B Trierweiler, F.K. Luecke, B. Tauscher, Influence of hot
water treatment on different quality parameters of apples during storage,
Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, vol. 79, no. 3, 154-156,
2005.
[2] G. Bompeix, D. Cholodowski-Faivre, Use of Thermotherapy and
Natural Antifungal Compounds against Post Harvest Diseases on
Apples, In: M. Boos (Ed.), Ecofruit - 10th International Conference on
Cultivation Technique and Phytopathological Problems in Organic
Fruit-Growing, Weinsberg, Germany 31st January to 2nd February, 55,
2006.
[3] A. Czynczyk, A. Mika, P. Bielicki, A. Krawiec, Suitability, evaluation
of several apple cultivars for organic fruit production. Journal of Fruit
and Ornamental Plant Research, vol. 16, 7-15, 2008.
[4] M. Ellis, J.P. Ellis, Microfungi on Land Plants. An Identification
Handbook, Macmillan. Publishing Company, New York, pp. 818, 1985.
[5] O.A. Karabulut, L. Cohen, B. Weiss, A. Daus, S. Lurie, S. Droby,
Control of brown rot and blue mold of peach and nectarine by short hot
water brushing and yeast antagonists, Postharvest Biol. and Technol.
vol. 24, 103-111, 2002.
[6] J.D. Klein, S. Lurie, Heat treatments for improved postharvest quality of
horticultural crops. Hort. Technology, vol. 2 no. 3, 316-320, 1992.
[7] S. Lurie, Postharvest heat treatments, Postharvest Biol. and Technol.,
vol. 14, 257-269, 1998.
[8] J. Marcinkowska J, Oznaczanie Rodzaj├│w Grzyb├│w Ważnych w
Patologii Roślin, Fundacja. Rozw├│j SGGW, pp. 328, 2003.
[9] A. Mirshekari, P.Ding, J. Kadir, H.M. Ghazali, Effect of hot water dip
treatment on postharvest anthracnose of banana var. Berangan, African
Journal of Agricultural Research, vol. 7, no. 1, 6-10, 2012.
[10] A.E. Özdemir, E.E. Çandır, C. Toplu, M. Kaplankıran, E. Yıldız, C.
Inan, The effects of hot water treatments on chilling injury and cold
storage of fuyu persimmons, African Journal of Agricultural Research,
vol. 4, no. 10, 1058 - 1063, 2009.
[11] R. Porat, A. Daus, B. Weiss, L. Cohen, E. Fallik, S. Droby, Reduction
of postharvest decay in organic citrus fruit by a short hot water brushing
treatment, Postharvest Biol. and Technol., vol. 18, 151-157, 2000.
[12] D. Prusky, Y. Fuchs, I. Kobiler, I. Roth, A. Weksler, Y. Shalom, E.
Fallik, G. Zauberman, E. Pesis, M. Akerman, O. Ykutiely, A.
Weisblum, R. Regev, L. Artes, Effect of hot water brushing, prochloraz
treatment and waxing on the incidence of black spot decay caused by
Alternaria alternata in mango fruits, Postharvest Biol. and Technol., vol.
15, no. 2, 165-174, 1999.
[13] M. Schirra, G.D D'hallewin, S. Ben-Yehoshua, E. Fallik, Host-pathogen
interactions modulated by heat treatment, Postharvest Biol. and
Technol., vol. 21, 71-85, 2000.
[14] J. Skrzyński, Prestorage heat treatment of apples, Vegetable Crops
Research Bulletin, vol. 67, 197-202, 2007.
[15] I. Sosna, Growth and cropping of several scrab-resistant apple cultivars
on six rootstocks, Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus, vol. 4, no. 1, 109-
118, 2005.
[16] I. Tahir, Control of pre- and postharvest factors to improve apple quality
and storability. Doctoral thesis no. 2006:35, Acta Universitatis
Agriculturae Sueciae, Alnarp, 63ss, 2006.
[17] B. Trierweiler, V. Gräf, H. Schirmer, B. Tauscher, Thermo-Behandlung
ökologisch produzierter ├äpfel zur Verbesser-ung der Lagerf├ñhigkeit.
Frischelogistik, vol. 1, no. 2, 34-36, 2003.
[1] A. Auinger, B Trierweiler, F.K. Luecke, B. Tauscher, Influence of hot
water treatment on different quality parameters of apples during storage,
Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, vol. 79, no. 3, 154-156,
2005.
[2] G. Bompeix, D. Cholodowski-Faivre, Use of Thermotherapy and
Natural Antifungal Compounds against Post Harvest Diseases on
Apples, In: M. Boos (Ed.), Ecofruit - 10th International Conference on
Cultivation Technique and Phytopathological Problems in Organic
Fruit-Growing, Weinsberg, Germany 31st January to 2nd February, 55,
2006.
[3] A. Czynczyk, A. Mika, P. Bielicki, A. Krawiec, Suitability, evaluation
of several apple cultivars for organic fruit production. Journal of Fruit
and Ornamental Plant Research, vol. 16, 7-15, 2008.
[4] M. Ellis, J.P. Ellis, Microfungi on Land Plants. An Identification
Handbook, Macmillan. Publishing Company, New York, pp. 818, 1985.
[5] O.A. Karabulut, L. Cohen, B. Weiss, A. Daus, S. Lurie, S. Droby,
Control of brown rot and blue mold of peach and nectarine by short hot
water brushing and yeast antagonists, Postharvest Biol. and Technol.
vol. 24, 103-111, 2002.
[6] J.D. Klein, S. Lurie, Heat treatments for improved postharvest quality of
horticultural crops. Hort. Technology, vol. 2 no. 3, 316-320, 1992.
[7] S. Lurie, Postharvest heat treatments, Postharvest Biol. and Technol.,
vol. 14, 257-269, 1998.
[8] J. Marcinkowska J, Oznaczanie Rodzaj├│w Grzyb├│w Ważnych w
Patologii Roślin, Fundacja. Rozw├│j SGGW, pp. 328, 2003.
[9] A. Mirshekari, P.Ding, J. Kadir, H.M. Ghazali, Effect of hot water dip
treatment on postharvest anthracnose of banana var. Berangan, African
Journal of Agricultural Research, vol. 7, no. 1, 6-10, 2012.
[10] A.E. Özdemir, E.E. Çandır, C. Toplu, M. Kaplankıran, E. Yıldız, C.
Inan, The effects of hot water treatments on chilling injury and cold
storage of fuyu persimmons, African Journal of Agricultural Research,
vol. 4, no. 10, 1058 - 1063, 2009.
[11] R. Porat, A. Daus, B. Weiss, L. Cohen, E. Fallik, S. Droby, Reduction
of postharvest decay in organic citrus fruit by a short hot water brushing
treatment, Postharvest Biol. and Technol., vol. 18, 151-157, 2000.
[12] D. Prusky, Y. Fuchs, I. Kobiler, I. Roth, A. Weksler, Y. Shalom, E.
Fallik, G. Zauberman, E. Pesis, M. Akerman, O. Ykutiely, A.
Weisblum, R. Regev, L. Artes, Effect of hot water brushing, prochloraz
treatment and waxing on the incidence of black spot decay caused by
Alternaria alternata in mango fruits, Postharvest Biol. and Technol., vol.
15, no. 2, 165-174, 1999.
[13] M. Schirra, G.D D'hallewin, S. Ben-Yehoshua, E. Fallik, Host-pathogen
interactions modulated by heat treatment, Postharvest Biol. and
Technol., vol. 21, 71-85, 2000.
[14] J. Skrzyński, Prestorage heat treatment of apples, Vegetable Crops
Research Bulletin, vol. 67, 197-202, 2007.
[15] I. Sosna, Growth and cropping of several scrab-resistant apple cultivars
on six rootstocks, Acta Sci. Pol., Hortorum Cultus, vol. 4, no. 1, 109-
118, 2005.
[16] I. Tahir, Control of pre- and postharvest factors to improve apple quality
and storability. Doctoral thesis no. 2006:35, Acta Universitatis
Agriculturae Sueciae, Alnarp, 63ss, 2006.
[17] B. Trierweiler, V. Gräf, H. Schirmer, B. Tauscher, Thermo-Behandlung
ökologisch produzierter ├äpfel zur Verbesser-ung der Lagerf├ñhigkeit.
Frischelogistik, vol. 1, no. 2, 34-36, 2003.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:58350", author = "M. Grabowski and K. Macnar and J. Skrzyński", title = "An Example of Post-Harvest Thermotherapy as a Non-Chemical Method of Pathogen Control on Apples of Topaz Cultivar in Storage", abstract = "Huge losses in apple production are caused by pathogens that cannot be seen shortly after harvest. After-harvest thermotherapy treatments can considerably improve control of storage diseases on apples and become an alternative to chemical pesticides. In the years 2010-2012 carried out research in this area. Apples of 'Topaz' cultivar were harvested at optimal maturity time for long storage and subject to water bath treatment at 45, 50, 52, 55°C for 60, 120, 180 and 240 seconds. The control was untreated fruits. After 12 and 24 weeks and during so called simulated trade turnover the fruits were checked for their condition and the originators of diseases were determined by using the standard phytopathological methods. The most common originator of 'Topaz' apple infection during storage were the fungi of genus Gloeosporium. In this paper it was proven that for effective protection of 'Topaz' apples against diseases, thermotherapy by using water treatments at temperature range of 50-52°C is quite sufficient.
", keywords = "apple storage diseases, prolonged fruit storage,
'Topaz' apples, thermotherapeutic treatments.", volume = "6", number = "9", pages = "715-3", }
