Adverse Impacts of Poor Wastewater Management Practices on Water Quality in Gebeng Industrial Area, Pahang, Malaysia
This study was carried out to investigate the adverse
effect of industrial wastewater on surface water quality in Gebeng
industrial estate, Pahang, Malaysia. Surface water was collected from
six sampling stations. Physicochemical parameters were
characterized based on in-situ and ex-situ analysis according to
standard methods by American Public Health Association (APHA).
Selected heavy metals were determined by using Inductively Coupled
Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP MS). The results revealed that the
concentration of heavy metals such as Pb, Cu, Cd, Cr and Hg were
high in samples. The results also showed that the value of Pb and Hg
were higher in the wet season in comparison to dry season.
According to Malaysia National Water Quality Standard (NWQS)
and Water Quality Index (WQI) all the sampling station were
categorized as class IV (highly polluted). The present study revealed
that the adverse effects of careless disposal of wastes and directly
discharge of effluents affected on surface water quality. Therefore,
the authorities should implement the laws to ensure the proper
practices of wastewater management for environmental sustainability
around the study area.
[1] V. O. Abramov, A. V. Abramova, P. P. Keremetin, M. S. Mullakaev, G.
B. Vexler, J. Timothy, and T. J. Mason, “Ultrasonically improved
galvanochemical technology for the remediation of industrial
wastewater. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, vol. .21, pp. 812–818, 2014.
[2] M. A. Hossain, I. M. Sujaul, and M. A. Nasly, “Water Quality Index: an
Indicator of Surface Water Pollution in Eastern part of Peninsular
Malaysia”, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, Vol. 2, no. 10, pp. 10-
17, 2013.
[3] I. M. Sujaul, M. A. Hossain, M. A. Nasly, and M. A. Sobahan, “Effect
of industrial pollution on the spatial variation of surface water quality,”
Am. J. Environ. Sci., vol. 9, pp. 120–129, 2013.
[4] HACH, The Handbook of DR/2500 Laboratory Spectrophotometer.
Loveland, CO: HACH Company, 2003.
[5] APHA, Standard methods of water and wastewater analysis. 22nd ed.
Washington D.C., American Public Health Association, 2013.
[6] WHO, GEMS/Water operation guide. 3rd ed. M. Allerd, ed., World
Health Organisation, Geneva, 1992.
[7] Department of Environment Interim National Water Quality Standard
(INWQS), for Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2000.
[8] Rao’S (ed.) PIG-a numerical index for dissemination of groundwater
contamination zones. Hydrological Processes, John Wiley & Sons, 2012.
[9] M. A. Haque, Y. E. Huang, and T.S. Lee, “Seberang Perai rice scheme
irrigation water quality assessment,” J. Institution of Engineers
Malaysia, vol. 71, no. 4, pp. 42-49, 2010.
[10] DOE, Interim National Water Quality Standard for Malaysia,
Department of Environment, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2008.
[11] R. Reza, and G. Singh, “Heavy metal contamination and its indexing
approach for river water,” Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. Vol. 7, no. 4, pp.
785-792, 2010.
[12] J. Yisa, and T. Jimoh, “Analytical studies on water quality index of river
Landzu,” Am. J. Applied Sci. vol. 7, pp. 453-458, 2010.
[13] K. Varunprasath, and N. A. Daniel, “Comparison studies of three fresh
water rivers (Cauvery, Bhavani and Noyyal) in Tamilnadu, India.”
Iranica J. Ener. Environ., vol. 1, pp. 315-320, 2010.
[14] M. Varol, B. Gokot, A. Bekleyen, and B. Şen, “Spatial and temporal
variations in surface water quality of the dam reservoirs in the Tigris
River basin, Turkey,” Catena, vol. 92, pp. 11–21, 2012.
[15] M. D. Wogu, and C. E. Okaka, “Pollution studies on Nigerian rivers:
heavy metals in surface water of Warri River, Delta State,” J. Biodiver.
Environ. Sci. vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 7-12, 2011.
[16] Ministry of Environment protection. Permissible concentration of
Cobalt in surface water, USA. 1991.
[17] U. N. Haque, M. A. Arain, Z. Haque, N. Badar, and N. Mughal,
“Drinking water contamination by Chromium and lead in industrial
lands of Karachi,” J. Pak. Med. Assoc. vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 270-274, 2009.
[1] V. O. Abramov, A. V. Abramova, P. P. Keremetin, M. S. Mullakaev, G.
B. Vexler, J. Timothy, and T. J. Mason, “Ultrasonically improved
galvanochemical technology for the remediation of industrial
wastewater. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, vol. .21, pp. 812–818, 2014.
[2] M. A. Hossain, I. M. Sujaul, and M. A. Nasly, “Water Quality Index: an
Indicator of Surface Water Pollution in Eastern part of Peninsular
Malaysia”, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, Vol. 2, no. 10, pp. 10-
17, 2013.
[3] I. M. Sujaul, M. A. Hossain, M. A. Nasly, and M. A. Sobahan, “Effect
of industrial pollution on the spatial variation of surface water quality,”
Am. J. Environ. Sci., vol. 9, pp. 120–129, 2013.
[4] HACH, The Handbook of DR/2500 Laboratory Spectrophotometer.
Loveland, CO: HACH Company, 2003.
[5] APHA, Standard methods of water and wastewater analysis. 22nd ed.
Washington D.C., American Public Health Association, 2013.
[6] WHO, GEMS/Water operation guide. 3rd ed. M. Allerd, ed., World
Health Organisation, Geneva, 1992.
[7] Department of Environment Interim National Water Quality Standard
(INWQS), for Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2000.
[8] Rao’S (ed.) PIG-a numerical index for dissemination of groundwater
contamination zones. Hydrological Processes, John Wiley & Sons, 2012.
[9] M. A. Haque, Y. E. Huang, and T.S. Lee, “Seberang Perai rice scheme
irrigation water quality assessment,” J. Institution of Engineers
Malaysia, vol. 71, no. 4, pp. 42-49, 2010.
[10] DOE, Interim National Water Quality Standard for Malaysia,
Department of Environment, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2008.
[11] R. Reza, and G. Singh, “Heavy metal contamination and its indexing
approach for river water,” Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. Vol. 7, no. 4, pp.
785-792, 2010.
[12] J. Yisa, and T. Jimoh, “Analytical studies on water quality index of river
Landzu,” Am. J. Applied Sci. vol. 7, pp. 453-458, 2010.
[13] K. Varunprasath, and N. A. Daniel, “Comparison studies of three fresh
water rivers (Cauvery, Bhavani and Noyyal) in Tamilnadu, India.”
Iranica J. Ener. Environ., vol. 1, pp. 315-320, 2010.
[14] M. Varol, B. Gokot, A. Bekleyen, and B. Şen, “Spatial and temporal
variations in surface water quality of the dam reservoirs in the Tigris
River basin, Turkey,” Catena, vol. 92, pp. 11–21, 2012.
[15] M. D. Wogu, and C. E. Okaka, “Pollution studies on Nigerian rivers:
heavy metals in surface water of Warri River, Delta State,” J. Biodiver.
Environ. Sci. vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 7-12, 2011.
[16] Ministry of Environment protection. Permissible concentration of
Cobalt in surface water, USA. 1991.
[17] U. N. Haque, M. A. Arain, Z. Haque, N. Badar, and N. Mughal,
“Drinking water contamination by Chromium and lead in industrial
lands of Karachi,” J. Pak. Med. Assoc. vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 270-274, 2009.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:69844", author = "I. M. Sujaul and M. A. Sobahan and A. A. Edriyana and F. M. Yahaya and R. M. Yunus", title = "Adverse Impacts of Poor Wastewater Management Practices on Water Quality in Gebeng Industrial Area, Pahang, Malaysia", abstract = "This study was carried out to investigate the adverse
effect of industrial wastewater on surface water quality in Gebeng
industrial estate, Pahang, Malaysia. Surface water was collected from
six sampling stations. Physicochemical parameters were
characterized based on in-situ and ex-situ analysis according to
standard methods by American Public Health Association (APHA).
Selected heavy metals were determined by using Inductively Coupled
Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP MS). The results revealed that the
concentration of heavy metals such as Pb, Cu, Cd, Cr and Hg were
high in samples. The results also showed that the value of Pb and Hg
were higher in the wet season in comparison to dry season.
According to Malaysia National Water Quality Standard (NWQS)
and Water Quality Index (WQI) all the sampling station were
categorized as class IV (highly polluted). The present study revealed
that the adverse effects of careless disposal of wastes and directly
discharge of effluents affected on surface water quality. Therefore,
the authorities should implement the laws to ensure the proper
practices of wastewater management for environmental sustainability
around the study area.", keywords = "Gebeng, heavy metals, waste water, water quality
index.", volume = "9", number = "5", pages = "500-4", }