Adsorption of Lead from Synthetic Solution using Luffa Charcoal

This work was to study batch biosorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution by Luffa charcoal. The effect of operating parameters such as adsorption contact time, initial pH solution and different initial Pb(II) concentration on the sorption of Pb(II) were investigated. The results showed that the adsorption of Pb(II) ions was initially rapid and the equilibrium time was 10 h. Adsorption kinetics of Pb(II) ions onto Luffa charcoal could be best described by the pseudo-second order model. At pH 5.0 was favorable for the adsorption and removal of Pb(II) ions. Freundlich adsorption isotherm model was better fitted for the adsorption of Pb(II) ions than Langmuir and Timkin isotherms, respectively. The highest monolayer adsorption capacity obtained from Langmuir isotherm model was 51.02 mg/g. This study demonstrated that Luffa charcoal could be used for the removal of Pb(II) ions in water treatment.

Authors:

• C. Umpuch
• N. Bunmanan
• U. Kueasing
• P. Kaewsan

Keywords:

• Lead (II)
• Luffa charcoal
• Biosorption
• initial pHsolution
• contact time
• adsorption isotherm.

References:

[1] W. Saikaew and P. Kaewsarn, "Cadmium ion removal using biosorbents
derived from fruit peel wastes," Songklanakarin J Sci Technol, vol.
31, no.5, pp. 547-554, 2009.
[2] F. Y. Wang, H. Wang and J. W. Ma, "Adsorption of cadmium (II) ions
from aqueous solution by a new low-cost adsorbent - Bamboo
charcoal," J of Hazard Mater, vol. 177, pp. 300-306, 2010.
[3] L.J. Schep, J.S. Fountain, W.M. Cox, and G.R. Pesola, "Lead shot in
the appendix," N Engl J Med, vol. 354, no. 16, pp. 1757, 2006.
[4] S.-Y. Wang, M.-H. Tsai, S.-F. Lo, and M.-J. Tsai, "Effects of
manufacturing conditions on the adsorption capacity of heavy metal
ions by Makino bamboo charcoal," Bioresour Technol, vol. 31, pp.
7027-7033, 2008.
[5] H. Lalhruaitluanga, K. Jayaram, M.N.V. Prasad, and K.K. Kumar,
"Lead(II) adsorption from aqueous solutions by raw and activated
charcoals of Melocanna baccifera Roxburgh (bamboo)-A comparative
study," J of Hazard Mater, vol.175, pp. 311-318, 2010.
[6] S. Lagegren, B.K. Svenska, "Zur theorie der sogenannten adsorption
geloester stoffe," Vaternskapsakad Handlingar, vol. 24, no.4, pp. 1-39,
1898.
[7] Y.S. Ho, G. McKay, "Sorption of dye from aqueous solution by peat,"
Chem. Eng. J., vol. 70, pp. 115 - 124, 1998.
[8] N. Feng, X. Guo, S. Liang, Y. Zhu, and J. Liu, "Biosorption of heavy
metals from aqueous solutions by chemically modified orange peel," J
of Hazard Mater, vol. 185, pp 49-54, 2011.
[9] V. Lugo-Lugo, S. Hernandez-Lopez, C. Barrera-Diaz, F. Urena-Nunez,
and B. Bilyeu, "A comparative study of natural, formaldehyde-treated
and copolymer-grafted orange peel for Pb (II) adsorption under batch
and continuous mode," J of Hazard Mater, vol. 161, pp. 1255 - 1264,
2009.
[10] M. Ajmal, R. A. K. Rao, R. Ahmad, and J. Ahmad, "Adsorption studies
on Citrus reticulate (fruit peel of orange): removal and recovery of Ni(II)
from electroplating wastewater," J of Hazard Mater, vol. B79, pp. 117-
131, 2000.
[11] M. Iqbal, A. Saeed, and S. I. Zafar, "FIIR spectrophotometry, kinetics
and adsorption isotherms modeling, ion exchange, and EDX analysis for
understanding the mechanism of Cd2+ and Pb2+ removal by mango peel
waste," J of Hazard Mater, vol. 164, pp. 161-177, 2009.
[12] J. Anwar, U. Shafique, W.-U. Zaman, M. Salman, A. Dar, and S.
Anwar, "Removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from water by adsorption on
peels of banana," Bioresour Technol, vol. 101, pp. 1752 - 1755, 2010.
[13] M.I. Temkin, V. Pyzhev, "Kinetic of ammonia synthesis on promoted
iron catalyst," Acta physicochim. URss, vol. 12, pp. 327-356, 1940.