Adsorption Capacities of Activated Carbons Prepared from Bamboo by KOH Activation
The production of activated carbon from low or zero cost of agricultural by-products or wastes has received great attention from academics and practitioners due to its economic and environmental benefits. In the production of bamboo furniture, a significant amount of bamboo waste is inevitably generated. Therefore, this research aimed to prepare activated carbons from bamboo furniture waste by chemical (KOH) activation and determine their properties and adsorption capacities for water treatment. The influence of carbonization time on the properties and adsorption capacities of activated carbons was also investigated. The finding showed that the bamboo-derived activated carbons had microporous characteristics. They exhibited high tendency for the reduction of impurities present in effluent water. Their adsorption capacities were comparable to the adsorption capacity of a commercial activated carbon regarding to the reduction in COD, TDS and turbidity of the effluent water.
[1] I. H. Aljundi and N. Jarrah, "A study of characteristics of activated
carbon produced from Jordanian olive cake," J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., vol.
81, pp. 33-36, 2008.
[2] M. Valix, W. H. Cheung, and G. McKay, "Preparation of activated
carbon using low temperature carbonisation and physical activation of
high ash raw bagasse for acid dye adsorption," Chemosphere, vol. 56,
pp. 493-501, 2004.
[3] I. A. W. Tan, A. L. Ahmad, and B. H. Hameed, "Adsorption of basic dye
on high-surface-area activated carbon prepared from coconut husk:
Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies," J. Hazard. Mater.,
vol. 154, pp. 337-346, 2008.
[4] S. Sumathi, S. Bhatia, K. T. Lee, and A. R. Mohamed, "Optimization of
microporous palm shell activated carbon production for flue gas
desulphurization: experimental and statistical studies," Bioresour.
Technol., vol. 100, pp. 1614-1621, 2009.
[5] C. Moreno-Castilla, F. Carrasco-Marín, M. V. López-Ramón, and M. A.
Alvarez-Merino, "Chemical and physical activation of olive-mill waste
water to produce activated carbons," Carbon, vol. 39, pp. 1415-1420,
2001.
[6] F. C. Wu, R. L. Tseng, and C. C. Hu, "Comparisons of pore properties
and adsorption performance of KOH-activated and steam-activated
carbons," Microporous Mesoporous Mater., vol. 80, pp. 95-106, 2005.
[7] J. Hayashi, A. Kazehaya, K. Muroyama, and A. P. Watkinson,
"Preparation of activated carbon from lignin by chemical activation,"
Carbon, vol. 38, pp. 1873-1878, 2000.
[8] K. K. H. Choy, J. P. Barford, and G. McKay, "Production of activated
carbon from bamboo scaffolding waste - process design, evaluation and
sensitivity analysis," Chem. Eng. J., vol. 109, pp. 147-165, 2005.
[9] E. L. K. Mui, W. H. Cheung, M. Valix, and G. McKay, "Activated
carbons from bamboo scaffolding using acid activation," Sep. Purif.
Technol., vol. 74, pp. 213-218, 2010.
[10] L. G. Wang and G. B. Yan, "Adsorptive removal of direct yellow
161dye from aqueous solution using bamboo charcoals activated with
different chemicals," Desalination, 2011. In Press.
doi:10.1016/j.desal.2011.01.082.
[11] A. Ahmadpour and D. D. Do, "The preparation of active carbons from
coal by chemical and physical activation," Carbon, vol. 34, No. 4, pp.
471-479, 1996.
[12] Z. Hu and E. F. Vansant, "Synthesis and characterization of a controlledmicropore-
size carbonaceous adsorbent produced from walnut shell,"
Microporous Mater., vol. 3, pp. 603-612, 1995.
[13] R. Malik, D. S. Ramteke, and S. R. Wate, "Adsorption of malachite
green on groundnut shell waste based powdered activated carbon,"
Waste Manag., vol. 27, pp. 1129-1138, 2007.
[14] S. Yenisoy-Karakaş, A. Aygün, M. Güneş, and E. Tahtasakal, "Physical
and chemical characteristics of polymer-based spherical activated carbon
and its ability to adsorb organics," Carbon, vol. 42 pp. 477-484, 2004.
[15] B. H. Hameed, A. T. M. Din, and A. L. Ahmad, "Adsorption of
methylene blue onto bamboo-based activated carbon: kinetics and
equilibrium studies," J. Hazard. Mater., vol. 141, pp. 819-825, 2007.
[16] L. S. Chan, W. H. Cheung, and G. McKay, "Adsorption of acid dyes by
bamboo derived activated carbon," Desalination, vol. 218, pp. 304-312,
2008.
[17] A. A. Ahmad and B. H. Hameed, "Reduction of COD and color of
dyeing effluent from a cotton textile mill by adsorption onto bamboobased
activated carbon," J. Hazard. Mater., vol. 172, pp. 1538-1543,
2009.
[1] I. H. Aljundi and N. Jarrah, "A study of characteristics of activated
carbon produced from Jordanian olive cake," J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., vol.
81, pp. 33-36, 2008.
[2] M. Valix, W. H. Cheung, and G. McKay, "Preparation of activated
carbon using low temperature carbonisation and physical activation of
high ash raw bagasse for acid dye adsorption," Chemosphere, vol. 56,
pp. 493-501, 2004.
[3] I. A. W. Tan, A. L. Ahmad, and B. H. Hameed, "Adsorption of basic dye
on high-surface-area activated carbon prepared from coconut husk:
Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies," J. Hazard. Mater.,
vol. 154, pp. 337-346, 2008.
[4] S. Sumathi, S. Bhatia, K. T. Lee, and A. R. Mohamed, "Optimization of
microporous palm shell activated carbon production for flue gas
desulphurization: experimental and statistical studies," Bioresour.
Technol., vol. 100, pp. 1614-1621, 2009.
[5] C. Moreno-Castilla, F. Carrasco-Marín, M. V. López-Ramón, and M. A.
Alvarez-Merino, "Chemical and physical activation of olive-mill waste
water to produce activated carbons," Carbon, vol. 39, pp. 1415-1420,
2001.
[6] F. C. Wu, R. L. Tseng, and C. C. Hu, "Comparisons of pore properties
and adsorption performance of KOH-activated and steam-activated
carbons," Microporous Mesoporous Mater., vol. 80, pp. 95-106, 2005.
[7] J. Hayashi, A. Kazehaya, K. Muroyama, and A. P. Watkinson,
"Preparation of activated carbon from lignin by chemical activation,"
Carbon, vol. 38, pp. 1873-1878, 2000.
[8] K. K. H. Choy, J. P. Barford, and G. McKay, "Production of activated
carbon from bamboo scaffolding waste - process design, evaluation and
sensitivity analysis," Chem. Eng. J., vol. 109, pp. 147-165, 2005.
[9] E. L. K. Mui, W. H. Cheung, M. Valix, and G. McKay, "Activated
carbons from bamboo scaffolding using acid activation," Sep. Purif.
Technol., vol. 74, pp. 213-218, 2010.
[10] L. G. Wang and G. B. Yan, "Adsorptive removal of direct yellow
161dye from aqueous solution using bamboo charcoals activated with
different chemicals," Desalination, 2011. In Press.
doi:10.1016/j.desal.2011.01.082.
[11] A. Ahmadpour and D. D. Do, "The preparation of active carbons from
coal by chemical and physical activation," Carbon, vol. 34, No. 4, pp.
471-479, 1996.
[12] Z. Hu and E. F. Vansant, "Synthesis and characterization of a controlledmicropore-
size carbonaceous adsorbent produced from walnut shell,"
Microporous Mater., vol. 3, pp. 603-612, 1995.
[13] R. Malik, D. S. Ramteke, and S. R. Wate, "Adsorption of malachite
green on groundnut shell waste based powdered activated carbon,"
Waste Manag., vol. 27, pp. 1129-1138, 2007.
[14] S. Yenisoy-Karakaş, A. Aygün, M. Güneş, and E. Tahtasakal, "Physical
and chemical characteristics of polymer-based spherical activated carbon
and its ability to adsorb organics," Carbon, vol. 42 pp. 477-484, 2004.
[15] B. H. Hameed, A. T. M. Din, and A. L. Ahmad, "Adsorption of
methylene blue onto bamboo-based activated carbon: kinetics and
equilibrium studies," J. Hazard. Mater., vol. 141, pp. 819-825, 2007.
[16] L. S. Chan, W. H. Cheung, and G. McKay, "Adsorption of acid dyes by
bamboo derived activated carbon," Desalination, vol. 218, pp. 304-312,
2008.
[17] A. A. Ahmad and B. H. Hameed, "Reduction of COD and color of
dyeing effluent from a cotton textile mill by adsorption onto bamboobased
activated carbon," J. Hazard. Mater., vol. 172, pp. 1538-1543,
2009.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:50709", author = "Samorn Hirunpraditkoon and Nathaporn Tunthong and Anotai Ruangchai and Kamchai Nuithitikul", title = "Adsorption Capacities of Activated Carbons Prepared from Bamboo by KOH Activation", abstract = "The production of activated carbon from low or zero cost of agricultural by-products or wastes has received great attention from academics and practitioners due to its economic and environmental benefits. In the production of bamboo furniture, a significant amount of bamboo waste is inevitably generated. Therefore, this research aimed to prepare activated carbons from bamboo furniture waste by chemical (KOH) activation and determine their properties and adsorption capacities for water treatment. The influence of carbonization time on the properties and adsorption capacities of activated carbons was also investigated. The finding showed that the bamboo-derived activated carbons had microporous characteristics. They exhibited high tendency for the reduction of impurities present in effluent water. Their adsorption capacities were comparable to the adsorption capacity of a commercial activated carbon regarding to the reduction in COD, TDS and turbidity of the effluent water.
", keywords = "Activated carbon, Bamboo, Water treatment, Chemical activation.", volume = "5", number = "6", pages = "457-5", }
