A Study of Water Consumption in Two Malaysian Resorts
In the effort to reduce water consumption for resorts,
more water conservation practices need to be implemented. Hence
water audits need to be performed to obtain a baseline of water
consumption, before planning water conservation practices. In this
study, a water audit framework specifically for resorts was created,
and the audit was performed on two resorts: Resort A in Langkawi,
Malaysia; and Resort B in Miri, Malaysia. From the audit, the total
daily water consumption for Resorts A and B were estimated to be
180m3 and 330 m3 respectively, while the actual water consumption
(based on water meter readings) were 175 m3 and 325 m3. This
suggests that the audit framework is reasonably accurate and may be
used to account for most of the water consumption sources in a
resort. The daily water consumption per guest is about 500 litres. The
water consumption of both resorts is poorly rated compared with
established benchmarks. Water conservation measures were
suggested for both resorts.
[1] The Ecotourism Society, "Ecotourism Statistical Fact Sheet". 2000.
http://www.activetourism.com/factsEcotourism1.pdf.
[2] Green Hotel Initiative, "Coalition for Environmentally Responsible
Economies". 2006. www.ceres.org/our_work/ghi.htm.
[3] Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research, "A Third of
the World Population Faces Water Scarcity Today". 2006.
http://www.cgiar.org/newsroom/releases/news.asp?idnews=450.
[4] Seneviratne. M. A Practical Approach to Water Conservation for
Commercial and Industrial Facilities. 2007. Great Britain: Elsevier Ltd.
[5] Yong, J. W. K. Water Consumption and Water Conservation for
Resorts. 2011. Final Year Project Thesis
[6] Singh, J., and Clouden, F., "A Review of Water Conservation Practices
and Potential for Tourist Facilities in Barbabos and St. Lucia", 1999.
pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNACG407.pdf
[7] Holmes, M. Water Use Auditing: A Guide to Accurately Measaure
Water Use and Water Loss. 2007.
www.nmrwa.org/resources/water_auditing_manual.pdf.
[8] De Stefano, L. Freshwater and Tourism in the Mediterranean. 2004.
assets.panda.org/downloads/medpotourismreportfinal_ofnc.pdf.
[9] Meade, B., and Gonzalez-Morel, P., Improving Water Use Efficiency in
Jamaican Hotels and Resorts through the Implementation of
Environmental Management Systems. 2011.
www.linkbc.ca/torc/downs1/jaimaca%20water.pdf.
[10] Unknown author, Water. International Tourism Partnership,
2011.http://www.tourismpartnership.org/media-centre/key-issues/water
[11] Sydney Water. Water Conservation Best Practice Guidelines for Hotels.
Sydney. December 2001.
[1] The Ecotourism Society, "Ecotourism Statistical Fact Sheet". 2000.
http://www.activetourism.com/factsEcotourism1.pdf.
[2] Green Hotel Initiative, "Coalition for Environmentally Responsible
Economies". 2006. www.ceres.org/our_work/ghi.htm.
[3] Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research, "A Third of
the World Population Faces Water Scarcity Today". 2006.
http://www.cgiar.org/newsroom/releases/news.asp?idnews=450.
[4] Seneviratne. M. A Practical Approach to Water Conservation for
Commercial and Industrial Facilities. 2007. Great Britain: Elsevier Ltd.
[5] Yong, J. W. K. Water Consumption and Water Conservation for
Resorts. 2011. Final Year Project Thesis
[6] Singh, J., and Clouden, F., "A Review of Water Conservation Practices
and Potential for Tourist Facilities in Barbabos and St. Lucia", 1999.
pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNACG407.pdf
[7] Holmes, M. Water Use Auditing: A Guide to Accurately Measaure
Water Use and Water Loss. 2007.
www.nmrwa.org/resources/water_auditing_manual.pdf.
[8] De Stefano, L. Freshwater and Tourism in the Mediterranean. 2004.
assets.panda.org/downloads/medpotourismreportfinal_ofnc.pdf.
[9] Meade, B., and Gonzalez-Morel, P., Improving Water Use Efficiency in
Jamaican Hotels and Resorts through the Implementation of
Environmental Management Systems. 2011.
www.linkbc.ca/torc/downs1/jaimaca%20water.pdf.
[10] Unknown author, Water. International Tourism Partnership,
2011.http://www.tourismpartnership.org/media-centre/key-issues/water
[11] Sydney Water. Water Conservation Best Practice Guidelines for Hotels.
Sydney. December 2001.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:62420", author = "Fu E. Tang", title = "A Study of Water Consumption in Two Malaysian Resorts", abstract = "In the effort to reduce water consumption for resorts,
more water conservation practices need to be implemented. Hence
water audits need to be performed to obtain a baseline of water
consumption, before planning water conservation practices. In this
study, a water audit framework specifically for resorts was created,
and the audit was performed on two resorts: Resort A in Langkawi,
Malaysia; and Resort B in Miri, Malaysia. From the audit, the total
daily water consumption for Resorts A and B were estimated to be
180m3 and 330 m3 respectively, while the actual water consumption
(based on water meter readings) were 175 m3 and 325 m3. This
suggests that the audit framework is reasonably accurate and may be
used to account for most of the water consumption sources in a
resort. The daily water consumption per guest is about 500 litres. The
water consumption of both resorts is poorly rated compared with
established benchmarks. Water conservation measures were
suggested for both resorts.", keywords = "water consumption patterns, water conservation
practices, water audit, water audit framework.", volume = "6", number = "8", pages = "554-6", }