A Study of Performance of Wastewater Treatment Systems for Small Sites
The pollutant removal efficiency of the Intermittently
Decanted Extended Aeration (IDEA) wastewater treatment system at
Curtin University Sarawak Campus, and conventional activated
sludge wastewater treatment system at a local resort, Resort A, is
monitored. The influent and effluent characteristics are tested during
wet and dry weather conditions, and peak and off peak periods. For
the wastewater treatment systems at Curtin Sarawak and Resort A,
during dry weather and peak season, it was found that the BOD5
concentration in the influent is 121.7mg/L and 80.0mg/L
respectively, and in the effluent, 18.7mg/L and and 18.0mg/L
respectively. Analysis of the performance of the IDEA treatment
system showed that the operational costs can be minimized by 3%, by
decreasing the number of operating cycles. As for the treatment
system in Resort A, by utilizing a smaller capacity air blower, a
saving of 12% could be made in the operational costs.
[1] WHO. 2004. World facing "silent emergency" as billions struggle
without clean water or basic sanitation, say WHO and UNICEF.
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2004/pr58/en/index.html
(accessed July 12, 2010)
[2] Embassy of Denmark, Kuala Lumpur, 2006. ÔÇÿMalaysian water sector-
Retrieved March 25, 2008, from
http://www.ambkualalumpur.um.dk/NR/rdonlyres/4FC19871-2DBC-
4096-9E47-D5D64EF1F182/0/MalaysianWaterSector.pdf.
[3] Sapari, N., A. Idris, and N. H. A. Hamid. "Total removal of heavy metal
from mixed plating rinse wastewater" Desalination ,voll. 106 (1-3): pp.
419-422, 1996
[4] United States Environmental Protection Agency 2002, Onsite
wastewater treatment systems manual chapter 3: Establishing treatment
system performance requirements. Retrieved May 12, 2008, from
http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/pubs/625r00008/html/625R00008chap3.htm
[5] Hii, L. C. 2008. Characterization of wastewater and stormwater for small
sites. BEng, Curtin University Sarawak Campus
[6] Crites, R & Tchobanoglous, G. 1998, Small and decentralized
wastewater management
[7] Iqbal, J., and C. Guria. "Optimization of an operating domestic
wastewater treatment plant using elitist non-dominated sorting genetic
algorithm". Chemical Engineering Research and Design 87 (11): 1481-
1496, 2009. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B8JGF-
4WFGRY7-1/2/41c32af64bb5819897f693ee554e63cf (accessed
September 29, 2010)
[8] Fujimoto, E., T. Sekine, K. Iwahori, and N. Furuya. "Studies on
dissolved oxygen concentration and sludge retention time affecting the
full-scale activated sludge process". Water Research 17 (12): 1829-
1845. 1983. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V73-
48BDR5D-P4/2/3454f507a75248edaa26c7accab7db84 (accessed
October 01, 2010)
[9] Rani, D., and R. P. Dahiya "COD and BOD removal from domestic
wastewater generated in decentralised sectors". Bioresource Technology,
vol. 99, No. 2: 344-349, 2008
[10] Eddy, M. 2004. Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse. 4th ed.
NY, USA: McGraw - Hill
[11] Tan, A. H. 2006. A study into a viable wastewater treatment system for a
commercial site in Sarawak. BEng, Curtin University Sarawak Campus
[12] Weida Environmental Technology Sdn.Bhd. n.d., Operation and
Maintenance Manual:Intermittently Decanted Extended Aeration
(IDEA) Activated Sludge.
[13] Bonie A.A. personal communication, April 7, 2010. Campus Services
Department, Curtin University Sarawak campus, CDT 250, 98009, Miri,
Sarawak, Malaysia.
[14] Commodity Supplier Sdn. Bhd. n.d., Proposed FRP "HI-KLEEN"
Sewage Treatment System MH500F and MH450F Design Calculation.
[15] Larsen, Ib & Lynghus, H 2004, Framework Plan for Integrated
Wastewater Management for the City of Kuching, Sarawak, Sarawak
Government and DANIDA, Kuching.
[16] Teo, R., personal communication, 25 May 2010, Kiara Bumimas Sdn.
Bhd., No.1, Brooke Road, 98000 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia.
[17] de Melo, J. J., and A. S. Câmara. "Models for the optimization of
regional wastewater treatment systems". European Journal of
Operational Research, vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 1-16, 1994
[18] Kim Oanh, N.T. & Bengtsson, B.E. "Design of a representative and
cost-effective sampling programs for industrial wastewater with
examples from bleached kraft pulp and paper mills", Resources,
Conservation and Recycling, vol. 18, pp. 107- 124., 1996.
[19] Friedler, E., and E. Pisanty. "Effects of design flow and treatment level
on construction and operation costs of municipal wastewater treatment
plants and their implications on policy making". Water Research, vol.
40, no. 20, pp. 3751-3758, 2006.
[20] Massoud, M., J. Tareen, A. Tarhini, J. Nasr, and M. Jurdi.
"Effectiveness of wastewater management in rural areas of developing
countries: a case of Al-Chouf Caza in Lebanon". Environmental
Monitoring and Assessment, vol. 161, no. 1-4, (February 1): pp. 61-69,
2010.
[1] WHO. 2004. World facing "silent emergency" as billions struggle
without clean water or basic sanitation, say WHO and UNICEF.
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2004/pr58/en/index.html
(accessed July 12, 2010)
[2] Embassy of Denmark, Kuala Lumpur, 2006. ÔÇÿMalaysian water sector-
Retrieved March 25, 2008, from
http://www.ambkualalumpur.um.dk/NR/rdonlyres/4FC19871-2DBC-
4096-9E47-D5D64EF1F182/0/MalaysianWaterSector.pdf.
[3] Sapari, N., A. Idris, and N. H. A. Hamid. "Total removal of heavy metal
from mixed plating rinse wastewater" Desalination ,voll. 106 (1-3): pp.
419-422, 1996
[4] United States Environmental Protection Agency 2002, Onsite
wastewater treatment systems manual chapter 3: Establishing treatment
system performance requirements. Retrieved May 12, 2008, from
http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/pubs/625r00008/html/625R00008chap3.htm
[5] Hii, L. C. 2008. Characterization of wastewater and stormwater for small
sites. BEng, Curtin University Sarawak Campus
[6] Crites, R & Tchobanoglous, G. 1998, Small and decentralized
wastewater management
[7] Iqbal, J., and C. Guria. "Optimization of an operating domestic
wastewater treatment plant using elitist non-dominated sorting genetic
algorithm". Chemical Engineering Research and Design 87 (11): 1481-
1496, 2009. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B8JGF-
4WFGRY7-1/2/41c32af64bb5819897f693ee554e63cf (accessed
September 29, 2010)
[8] Fujimoto, E., T. Sekine, K. Iwahori, and N. Furuya. "Studies on
dissolved oxygen concentration and sludge retention time affecting the
full-scale activated sludge process". Water Research 17 (12): 1829-
1845. 1983. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V73-
48BDR5D-P4/2/3454f507a75248edaa26c7accab7db84 (accessed
October 01, 2010)
[9] Rani, D., and R. P. Dahiya "COD and BOD removal from domestic
wastewater generated in decentralised sectors". Bioresource Technology,
vol. 99, No. 2: 344-349, 2008
[10] Eddy, M. 2004. Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse. 4th ed.
NY, USA: McGraw - Hill
[11] Tan, A. H. 2006. A study into a viable wastewater treatment system for a
commercial site in Sarawak. BEng, Curtin University Sarawak Campus
[12] Weida Environmental Technology Sdn.Bhd. n.d., Operation and
Maintenance Manual:Intermittently Decanted Extended Aeration
(IDEA) Activated Sludge.
[13] Bonie A.A. personal communication, April 7, 2010. Campus Services
Department, Curtin University Sarawak campus, CDT 250, 98009, Miri,
Sarawak, Malaysia.
[14] Commodity Supplier Sdn. Bhd. n.d., Proposed FRP "HI-KLEEN"
Sewage Treatment System MH500F and MH450F Design Calculation.
[15] Larsen, Ib & Lynghus, H 2004, Framework Plan for Integrated
Wastewater Management for the City of Kuching, Sarawak, Sarawak
Government and DANIDA, Kuching.
[16] Teo, R., personal communication, 25 May 2010, Kiara Bumimas Sdn.
Bhd., No.1, Brooke Road, 98000 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia.
[17] de Melo, J. J., and A. S. Câmara. "Models for the optimization of
regional wastewater treatment systems". European Journal of
Operational Research, vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 1-16, 1994
[18] Kim Oanh, N.T. & Bengtsson, B.E. "Design of a representative and
cost-effective sampling programs for industrial wastewater with
examples from bleached kraft pulp and paper mills", Resources,
Conservation and Recycling, vol. 18, pp. 107- 124., 1996.
[19] Friedler, E., and E. Pisanty. "Effects of design flow and treatment level
on construction and operation costs of municipal wastewater treatment
plants and their implications on policy making". Water Research, vol.
40, no. 20, pp. 3751-3758, 2006.
[20] Massoud, M., J. Tareen, A. Tarhini, J. Nasr, and M. Jurdi.
"Effectiveness of wastewater management in rural areas of developing
countries: a case of Al-Chouf Caza in Lebanon". Environmental
Monitoring and Assessment, vol. 161, no. 1-4, (February 1): pp. 61-69,
2010.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:61359", author = "Fu E. Tang and Vun J. Ngu", title = "A Study of Performance of Wastewater Treatment Systems for Small Sites", abstract = "The pollutant removal efficiency of the Intermittently
Decanted Extended Aeration (IDEA) wastewater treatment system at
Curtin University Sarawak Campus, and conventional activated
sludge wastewater treatment system at a local resort, Resort A, is
monitored. The influent and effluent characteristics are tested during
wet and dry weather conditions, and peak and off peak periods. For
the wastewater treatment systems at Curtin Sarawak and Resort A,
during dry weather and peak season, it was found that the BOD5
concentration in the influent is 121.7mg/L and 80.0mg/L
respectively, and in the effluent, 18.7mg/L and and 18.0mg/L
respectively. Analysis of the performance of the IDEA treatment
system showed that the operational costs can be minimized by 3%, by
decreasing the number of operating cycles. As for the treatment
system in Resort A, by utilizing a smaller capacity air blower, a
saving of 12% could be made in the operational costs.", keywords = "Conventional Activated Sludge, IDEA, Performance
Monitoring, Wastewater Treatment", volume = "5", number = "12", pages = "860-7", }
