A Revisited View to the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) in Female and Male Normal Subjects
Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) has
been used as a common research tool for different neurological
disorders like Multiple Sclerosis. Recently, technology let
researchers to introduce a new versions of the visual test, the paced
visual serial addition test (PVSAT). In this paper, the computerized
version of these two tests is introduced. Beside the number of true
responses are interpreted, the reaction time of subjects are calculated
by the software. We hypothesize that paying attention to the reaction
time may be valuable. For this purpose, sixty eight female normal
subjects and fifty eight male normal subjects are enrolled in the
study. We investigate the similarity between the PASAT3 and
PVSAT3 in number of true responses and the new criterion (the
average reaction time of each subject). The similarity between two
tests were rejected (p-value = 0.000) which means that these two test
differ. The effect of sex in the tests were not approved since the pvalues
of different between PASAT3 and PVSAT3 in both sex is the
same (p-value = 0.000) which means that male and female subjects
performed the tests at no different level of performance. The new
criterion shows a negative correlation with the age which offers aged
normal subjects may have the same number of true responses as the
young subjects but they have latent responses. This will give prove
for the importance of reaction time.
[1] Ramagopalan SV, Dobson R, Meier UC, Giovannoni G. "Multiple
sclerosis: risk factors, prodromes, and potential causal pathways."
Lancet Neurology, 9 (2010) 727-39.
[2] Tombaugh TN, "A comprehensive review of the Paced Auditory Serial
Addition Test (PASAT)", Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 21
(2006) 53-76.
[3] Rogers JM, Panegyres PK, "Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis:
Evidence-based analysis and recommendations", Journal of Clinical
Neuroscience, 14 (2007) 919-927.
[4] Fischer JS, Jak AJ, Kniker JE, Rudick RA, Cutter G, "Multiple Sclerosis
Functional Composite (MSFC) Administration And Scoring Manual".
Revised, (2001) p.14-18
[5] Kurtzke JF. "Historical and Clinical Perspectives of the Expanded
Disability Status Scale" Neuroepidemiology, 31 (2008) 1-9
[6] Potagas C, Giogkaraki E, Koutsis G, Mandellos D, Tsirempolou E,
Sfagos C, Vassilopoulos D, "Cognitive impairment in different MS
subtypes and clinically isolated syndromes", Journal of the Neurological
Sciences, 267 (2008) 100-106.
[7] Gronwall DM."Paced auditory serial-addition task: a measure of
recovery from concussion." Perceptual and Motor Skills, 44(2) (1977)
367-73.
[8] Royana J, Tombaugh TN, Rees L, Francis M. "The Adjusting-Paced
Serial Addition Test (Adjusting-PSAT): thresholds for speed of
information processing as a function of stimulus modality and problem
complexity" Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 19 (2004) 131-143.
[9] Fos LA, Greve KW, South MB, Mathias C, Benefield H. "Paced Visual
Serial Addition Test: an alternative measure of information processing
speed." Applied Neuropsychology, 7(3) (2000) 140-6.
[10] Sampson H. "Pacing and performance on a serial addition task."
Canadian Journal of Psychology, 10(4) (1956) 219-25.
[11] Razjouyan J., Gharibzadeh S., Fallah A. And Khodadadi A. "A
Revisited view to the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) in
Multiple Sclerosis" J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 22:45138, Fall.
[1] Ramagopalan SV, Dobson R, Meier UC, Giovannoni G. "Multiple
sclerosis: risk factors, prodromes, and potential causal pathways."
Lancet Neurology, 9 (2010) 727-39.
[2] Tombaugh TN, "A comprehensive review of the Paced Auditory Serial
Addition Test (PASAT)", Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 21
(2006) 53-76.
[3] Rogers JM, Panegyres PK, "Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis:
Evidence-based analysis and recommendations", Journal of Clinical
Neuroscience, 14 (2007) 919-927.
[4] Fischer JS, Jak AJ, Kniker JE, Rudick RA, Cutter G, "Multiple Sclerosis
Functional Composite (MSFC) Administration And Scoring Manual".
Revised, (2001) p.14-18
[5] Kurtzke JF. "Historical and Clinical Perspectives of the Expanded
Disability Status Scale" Neuroepidemiology, 31 (2008) 1-9
[6] Potagas C, Giogkaraki E, Koutsis G, Mandellos D, Tsirempolou E,
Sfagos C, Vassilopoulos D, "Cognitive impairment in different MS
subtypes and clinically isolated syndromes", Journal of the Neurological
Sciences, 267 (2008) 100-106.
[7] Gronwall DM."Paced auditory serial-addition task: a measure of
recovery from concussion." Perceptual and Motor Skills, 44(2) (1977)
367-73.
[8] Royana J, Tombaugh TN, Rees L, Francis M. "The Adjusting-Paced
Serial Addition Test (Adjusting-PSAT): thresholds for speed of
information processing as a function of stimulus modality and problem
complexity" Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 19 (2004) 131-143.
[9] Fos LA, Greve KW, South MB, Mathias C, Benefield H. "Paced Visual
Serial Addition Test: an alternative measure of information processing
speed." Applied Neuropsychology, 7(3) (2000) 140-6.
[10] Sampson H. "Pacing and performance on a serial addition task."
Canadian Journal of Psychology, 10(4) (1956) 219-25.
[11] Razjouyan J., Gharibzadeh S., Fallah A. And Khodadadi A. "A
Revisited view to the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) in
Multiple Sclerosis" J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 22:45138, Fall.
@article{"International Journal of Medical, Medicine and Health Sciences:62115", author = "Javad Razjouyan and Shahriar Gharibzadeh and Ali Fallah and Mehdi Moghaddasi and Mohsen Seyfi and Amir
Kasaeian", title = "A Revisited View to the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) in Female and Male Normal Subjects", abstract = "Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) has
been used as a common research tool for different neurological
disorders like Multiple Sclerosis. Recently, technology let
researchers to introduce a new versions of the visual test, the paced
visual serial addition test (PVSAT). In this paper, the computerized
version of these two tests is introduced. Beside the number of true
responses are interpreted, the reaction time of subjects are calculated
by the software. We hypothesize that paying attention to the reaction
time may be valuable. For this purpose, sixty eight female normal
subjects and fifty eight male normal subjects are enrolled in the
study. We investigate the similarity between the PASAT3 and
PVSAT3 in number of true responses and the new criterion (the
average reaction time of each subject). The similarity between two
tests were rejected (p-value = 0.000) which means that these two test
differ. The effect of sex in the tests were not approved since the pvalues
of different between PASAT3 and PVSAT3 in both sex is the
same (p-value = 0.000) which means that male and female subjects
performed the tests at no different level of performance. The new
criterion shows a negative correlation with the age which offers aged
normal subjects may have the same number of true responses as the
young subjects but they have latent responses. This will give prove
for the importance of reaction time.", keywords = "Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test, Pace Visual
Serial Addition Test, reaction time.", volume = "5", number = "1", pages = "28-4", }