A Neural Network Control for Voltage Balancing in Three-Phase Electric Power System
The three-phase power system suffers from different challenging problems, e.g. voltage unbalance conditions at the load side. The voltage unbalance usually degrades the power quality of the electric power system. Several techniques can be considered for load balancing including load reconfiguration, static synchronous compensator and static reactive power compensator. In this work an efficient neural network is designed to control the unbalanced condition in the Aqaba-Qatrana-South Amman (AQSA) electric power system. It is designed for highly enhanced response time of the reactive compensator for voltage balancing. The neural network is developed to determine the appropriate set of firing angles required for the thyristor-controlled reactor to balance the three load voltages accurately and quickly. The parameters of AQSA power system are considered in the laboratory model, and several test cases have been conducted to test and validate the proposed technique capabilities. The results have shown a high performance of the proposed Neural Network Control (NNC) technique for correcting the voltage unbalance conditions at three-phase load based on accuracy and response time.
[1] L. Czarnecki and P. Haley, "Unbalanced Power in Four-Wire Systems and Its Reactive Compensation", IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 53-63, 2015.
[2] P. Paranavithana and S. Perera, Location of sources of voltage unbalance in an interconnected network, in Power and Energy Society Conference. 2009, IEEE: Canada.
[3] S. Omran, et al., Load growth and power flow control with DSRs: Balanced vs unbalanced transmission networks. Electric Power Systems Research, Elsevier, 2017. 145: p. 207-213.
[4] D. Chapman, " Power Quality Guide Application: Introduction", Elect. Eng. Res, CDA. Europe, 2001.
[5] Motors and Generators, NEMA Standards Publication no. MG 1-1993.
[6] IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms, IEEE Std.100-1996.
[7] P. Donolo, G. Bossio and C. De Angelo, "Analysis of Voltage Unbalance Effects on Induction Motors with Open and Closed Slots", Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 2024-2030, 2011.
[8] D. Zhang, R. An and T. Wu, "Effect of Voltage Unbalance and Distortion on the Loss Characteristics of Three-Phase Cage Induction Motor", IET Electric Power Applications, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 264-270, 2018.
[9] Energy, E. E. a. R., 'Eliminate Voltage Unbalance'. U.S. Department of Energy: Washington, 2012.
[10] J. Ghaeb, J. Chebil: 'Prediction of Voltage Unbalance Employing Space Vector Property', International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 2016. 12(12): p. 65 - 70.
[11] L. Czarnecki, " Currents’ Physical Components (CPC) in circuits with non-sinusoidal voltages and currents, Part 2: Three-phase, three-wire linear circuits.", Electric Power Quality and Utilization Journal, vol. xii, no. 1, pp. 3-13, 2006.
[12] H. Zhai, M. Yang, B. Chen and N. Kang, "Dynamic Reconfiguration of Three-Phase Unbalanced Distribution Networks", International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 99, pp. 1-10, 2018.
[13] Y. Shi, et al., "Individual Phase Current Control Based on Optimal Zero-Sequence Current Separation for a Star-Connected Cascade STATCOM Under Unbalanced Conditions", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 2099-2110, 2016.
[14] J. Jung, J. Lee, et al., "DC Capacitor Voltage Balancing Control for Delta-Connected Cascaded H-Bridge STATCOM Considering Unbalanced Grid and Load Conditions", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 4726-4735, 2018.
[15] N. Daratha, B. Das and J. Sharma, "Coordination between OLTC and SVC for Voltage Regulation in Unbalanced Distribution System Distributed Generation", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 289-299, 2014.
[16] J. Ghaeb and O. Aloquili, "High performance reactive control for unbalanced three-phase load", European Transactions on Electrical Power, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 710-722, 2009.
[17] S. Das, D. Chatterjee and S. Goswami, "A GSA-Based Modified SVC Switching Scheme for Load Balancing and Source Power Factor Improvement", IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2072-2082, 2016.
[18] D. Kulkarni and G. Udupi, "ANN-Based SVC Switching at Distribution Level for Minimal-Injected Harmonics", IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 1978-1985, 2010.
[19] J. Grainger and W. Stevenson, Power system analysis. 1994, New York: McGraw- Hill.
[1] L. Czarnecki and P. Haley, "Unbalanced Power in Four-Wire Systems and Its Reactive Compensation", IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 53-63, 2015.
[2] P. Paranavithana and S. Perera, Location of sources of voltage unbalance in an interconnected network, in Power and Energy Society Conference. 2009, IEEE: Canada.
[3] S. Omran, et al., Load growth and power flow control with DSRs: Balanced vs unbalanced transmission networks. Electric Power Systems Research, Elsevier, 2017. 145: p. 207-213.
[4] D. Chapman, " Power Quality Guide Application: Introduction", Elect. Eng. Res, CDA. Europe, 2001.
[5] Motors and Generators, NEMA Standards Publication no. MG 1-1993.
[6] IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms, IEEE Std.100-1996.
[7] P. Donolo, G. Bossio and C. De Angelo, "Analysis of Voltage Unbalance Effects on Induction Motors with Open and Closed Slots", Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 2024-2030, 2011.
[8] D. Zhang, R. An and T. Wu, "Effect of Voltage Unbalance and Distortion on the Loss Characteristics of Three-Phase Cage Induction Motor", IET Electric Power Applications, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 264-270, 2018.
[9] Energy, E. E. a. R., 'Eliminate Voltage Unbalance'. U.S. Department of Energy: Washington, 2012.
[10] J. Ghaeb, J. Chebil: 'Prediction of Voltage Unbalance Employing Space Vector Property', International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 2016. 12(12): p. 65 - 70.
[11] L. Czarnecki, " Currents’ Physical Components (CPC) in circuits with non-sinusoidal voltages and currents, Part 2: Three-phase, three-wire linear circuits.", Electric Power Quality and Utilization Journal, vol. xii, no. 1, pp. 3-13, 2006.
[12] H. Zhai, M. Yang, B. Chen and N. Kang, "Dynamic Reconfiguration of Three-Phase Unbalanced Distribution Networks", International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 99, pp. 1-10, 2018.
[13] Y. Shi, et al., "Individual Phase Current Control Based on Optimal Zero-Sequence Current Separation for a Star-Connected Cascade STATCOM Under Unbalanced Conditions", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 2099-2110, 2016.
[14] J. Jung, J. Lee, et al., "DC Capacitor Voltage Balancing Control for Delta-Connected Cascaded H-Bridge STATCOM Considering Unbalanced Grid and Load Conditions", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 4726-4735, 2018.
[15] N. Daratha, B. Das and J. Sharma, "Coordination between OLTC and SVC for Voltage Regulation in Unbalanced Distribution System Distributed Generation", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 289-299, 2014.
[16] J. Ghaeb and O. Aloquili, "High performance reactive control for unbalanced three-phase load", European Transactions on Electrical Power, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 710-722, 2009.
[17] S. Das, D. Chatterjee and S. Goswami, "A GSA-Based Modified SVC Switching Scheme for Load Balancing and Source Power Factor Improvement", IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 2072-2082, 2016.
[18] D. Kulkarni and G. Udupi, "ANN-Based SVC Switching at Distribution Level for Minimal-Injected Harmonics", IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 1978-1985, 2010.
[19] J. Grainger and W. Stevenson, Power system analysis. 1994, New York: McGraw- Hill.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:78452", author = "Dana M. Ragab and Jasim A. Ghaeb", title = "A Neural Network Control for Voltage Balancing in Three-Phase Electric Power System", abstract = "The three-phase power system suffers from different challenging problems, e.g. voltage unbalance conditions at the load side. The voltage unbalance usually degrades the power quality of the electric power system. Several techniques can be considered for load balancing including load reconfiguration, static synchronous compensator and static reactive power compensator. In this work an efficient neural network is designed to control the unbalanced condition in the Aqaba-Qatrana-South Amman (AQSA) electric power system. It is designed for highly enhanced response time of the reactive compensator for voltage balancing. The neural network is developed to determine the appropriate set of firing angles required for the thyristor-controlled reactor to balance the three load voltages accurately and quickly. The parameters of AQSA power system are considered in the laboratory model, and several test cases have been conducted to test and validate the proposed technique capabilities. The results have shown a high performance of the proposed Neural Network Control (NNC) technique for correcting the voltage unbalance conditions at three-phase load based on accuracy and response time.
", keywords = "Three-phase power system, reactive power control, voltage unbalance factor, neural network, power quality. ", volume = "13", number = "2", pages = "75-4", }
