Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the
response of the newly released Gafchromic HD-V2 film for alpha
particle of 5.5 MeV. Gafchromic HD-V2 was exposed to alpha
particles of energy 5 MeV from 241Am for different durations. Then
the films were scanned with a flatbed scanner. The dose response
curve up to 2200 Gy has been achieved. The film’s reproducibility
and sensitivity were evaluated. The results obtained show that the net
optical density increases almost exponentially with the increase in the
exposure time, and it becomes saturated after prolonged exposure
times. The red channel shows the highest sensitivity, with a value of
4 x 10-3 Gy-1 at netOD of 0.4. The inter-film reproducibility was
measured and the relative uncertainty found was 1.7 %, 2.1 % and 2.3
% for grey, red and green channels, respectively.
Abstract: The curves, of which the square of the distance
between the two points equal to zero, are called minimal or isotropic
curves [4]. In this work, first, necessary and sufficient conditions to
be a Pseudo Helix, which is a special case of such curves, are
presented. Thereafter, it is proven that an isotropic curve-s position
vector and pseudo curvature satisfy a vector differential equation of
fourth order. Additionally, In view of solution of mentioned
equation, position vector of pseudo helices is obtained.
Abstract: A liquid curved jet has many applications in different
industrial and engineering processes, such as the prilling process
for generating small spherical pellets (fertilizer or magnesium). The
liquids used are usually molten and contain small quantities of
polymers and therefore can be modelled as non-Newtonian liquids. In
this paper, we model the viscoelastic liquid jet by using the Oldroyd-
B model. An asymptotic analysis has been used to simplify the
governing equations. Furthermore, the trajectory and a linear temporal
stability in the presence of gravity and rotation have been determined.
Abstract: Psoriasis is a widespread skin disease affecting up to 2% population with plaque psoriasis accounting to about 80%. It can be identified as a red lesion and for the higher severity the lesion is usually covered with rough scale. Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) scoring is the gold standard method for measuring psoriasis severity. Scaliness is one of PASI parameter that needs to be quantified in PASI scoring. Surface roughness of lesion can be used as a scaliness feature, since existing scale on lesion surface makes the lesion rougher. The dermatologist usually assesses the severity through their tactile sense, therefore direct contact between doctor and patient is required. The problem is the doctor may not assess the lesion objectively. In this paper, a digital image analysis technique is developed to objectively determine the scaliness of the psoriasis lesion and provide the PASI scaliness score. Psoriasis lesion is modelled by a rough surface. The rough surface is created by superimposing a smooth average (curve) surface with a triangular waveform. For roughness determination, a polynomial surface fitting is used to estimate average surface followed by a subtraction between rough and average surface to give elevation surface (surface deviations). Roughness index is calculated by using average roughness equation to the height map matrix. The roughness algorithm has been tested to 444 lesion models. From roughness validation result, only 6 models can not be accepted (percentage error is greater than 10%). These errors occur due the scanned image quality. Roughness algorithm is validated for roughness measurement on abrasive papers at flat surface. The Pearson-s correlation coefficient of grade value (G) of abrasive paper and Ra is -0.9488, its shows there is a strong relation between G and Ra. The algorithm needs to be improved by surface filtering, especially to overcome a problem with noisy data.
Abstract: This paper is concerned with an improved algorithm
based on the piecewise-smooth Mumford and Shah (MS) functional
for an efficient and reliable segmentation. In order to speed up
convergence, an additional force, at each time step, is introduced
further to drive the evolution of the curves instead of only driven by
the extensions of the complementary functions u + and u - . In our
scheme, furthermore, the piecewise-constant MS functional is
integrated to generate the extra force based on a temporary image that
is dynamically created by computing the union of u + and u - during
segmenting. Therefore, some drawbacks of the original algorithm,
such as smaller objects generated by noise and local minimal problem
also are eliminated or improved. The resulting algorithm has been
implemented in Matlab and Visual Cµ, and demonstrated efficiently
by several cases.
Abstract: In a competitive energy market, system reliability
should be maintained at all times. Power system operation being of
online in nature, the energy balance requirements must be satisfied to
ensure reliable operation the system. To achieve this, information
regarding the expected status of the system, the scheduled
transactions and the relevant inputs necessary to make either a
transaction contract or a transmission contract operational, have to be
made available in real time. The real time procedure proposed,
facilitates this. This paper proposes a quadratic curve learning
procedure, which enables a generator-s contribution to the retailer
demand, power loss of transaction in a line at the retail end and its
associated losses for an oncoming operating scenario to be predicted.
Matlab program was used to test in on a 24-bus IEE Reliability Test
System, and the results are found to be acceptable.
Abstract: Recurrence of aneurysm rupture can be attributed to
coil migration and compaction. In order to verify the effects of
hemodynamics on coil compaction and migration, we analyze the
forces and displacements on the coil bundle using a computational
method. Lateral aneurysms partially filled coils are modeled, and
blood flow fields and coil deformations are simulated considering
fluid and solid interaction. Effects of aneurysm neck size and parent
vessel geometry are also investigated. The results showed that coil
deformation was larger in the aneurysms with a wider neck. Parent
vessel geometry and aneurysm neck size also affected mean pressure
force profiles on the coil surface. Pressure forces were higher in wide
neck models with curved parent vessel geometry. Simulation results
showed that coils in the wide neck aneurysm with a curved parent
vessel may be displaced and compacted more easily.
Abstract: In this paper methodology to exploit creeping wave
for body area network BAN communication reliability are described.
Creeping wave propagation effects are visualized & analyzed.
During this work Dipole, IA antennas various antennas were
redesigned using existing designs and their propagation
characteristics were verified for optimum performance when used on
BANs. These antennas were then applied on body shapes-including
rectangular, spherical and cylindrical so that all the effects of actual
human body can be taken nearly into account. Parametric simulation
scheme was devised so that on Body channel characterization can be
visualized at front, curved and back region. In the next phase
multiple inputs multiple output MIMO scheme was introduced where
virtual antennas were used in order to diminish the effects of
antennas on the propagation of waves. Results were, extracted and
analyzed at different heights. Finally based on comparative
measurement and analysis it was concluded that on body propagation
can be exploited to gain spatial diversity.
Abstract: The present work describes an experimental
investigation concerning the determination of viscosity behavior with
shear rate and temperature of edible oils: canola; sunflower; corn;
soybean and the no edible oil: Jatropha curcas. Besides these, it was
tested a blend of canola, corn and sunflower oils as well as sunflower
and soybean biodiesel. Based on experiments, it was obtained shear
stress and viscosity at different shear rates of each sample at 40ºC, as
well as viscosity of each sample at various temperatures in the range
of 24 to 85ºC. Furthermore, it was compared the curves obtained for
the viscosity versus temperature with the curves obtained by
modeling the viscosity dependency on temperature using the Vogel
equation. Also a test in a stationary engine was performed in order to
study the energy generation using blends of soybean oil and soybean
biodiesel with diesel.
Abstract: Gas condensate Reservoirs show complicated thermodynamic behavior when their pressure reduces to under dew point pressure. Condensate blockage around the producing well cause significant reduction of production rate as well bottom-hole pressure drops below saturation pressure. The main objective of this work was to examine the well test analysis of naturally fractured lean gas condensate reservoir and investigate the effect of condensate formed around the well-bore on behavior of single phase pseudo pressure and its derivative curves. In this work a naturally fractured lean gas condensate reservoir is simulated with compositional simulator. Different sensitivity analysis done on Corry parameters and result of simulator is feed to analytical well testing software. For consideration of these phenomena eighteen compositional models with Capillary number effect are constructed. Matrix relative permeability obeys Corry relative permeability and relative permeability in fracture is linear. Well testing behavior of these models are studied and interpreted. Results show different sensitivity analysis on relative permeability of matrix does not have strong effect on well testing behavior even most part of the matrix around the well is occupied with condensate.
Abstract: III-nitride quaternary InxAlyGa1-x-yN alloys have experienced considerable interest as potential materials for optoelectronic applications. Despite these interesting applications and the extensive efforts to understand their fundamental properties, research on its fundamental surface property, i.e., surface phonon polariton (SPP) has not yet been reported. In fact, the SPP properties have been shown to provide application for some photonic devices. Hence, there is an absolute need for thorough studies on the SPP properties of this material. In this work, theoretical study on the SPP modes in InAlGaN quaternary alloys are reported. Attention is focus on the wurtzite (α-) structure InxAlyGa1-x-yN semi-crystal with different In composition, x ranging from 0 to 0.10 and constant Al composition, y = 0.06. The SPP modes are obtained through the theoretical simulation by means of anisotropy model. The characteristics of SP dispersion curves are discussed. Accessible results in terms of the experimental point of view are also given. Finally, the results revealed that the SPP mode of α-InxAlyGa1-x-yN semiconductors exhibits two-mode behavior.
Abstract: The pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics of seven marine biomass, which are fixed Enteromorpha clathrata, floating Enteromorpha clathrata, Ulva lactuca L., Zosterae Marinae L., Thallus Laminariae, Asparagus schoberioides kunth and Undaria pinnatifida (Harv.), were studied with thermogravimetric analysis method. Simultaneously, cornstalk, which is a grass biomass, and sawdust, which is a lignocellulosic biomass, were references. The basic pyrolysis characteristics were studied by using TG- DTG-DTA curves. The results showed that there were three stages (dehydration, dramatic weight loss and slow weight loss) during the whole pyrolysis process of samples. The Tmax of marine biomass was significantly lower than two kinds of terrestrial biomass. Zosterae Marinae L. had a relatively high stability of pyrolysis, but floating Enteromorpha clathrata had lowest stability of pyrolysis and a good combustion characteristics. The corresponding activation energy E and frequency factor A were obtained by Coats-Redfern method. It was found that the pyrolysis reaction mechanism functions of three kinds of biomass are different.
Abstract: A new and highly efficient architecture for elliptic curve scalar point multiplication which is optimized for a binary field recommended by NIST and is well-suited for elliptic curve cryptographic (ECC) applications is presented. To achieve the maximum architectural and timing improvements we have reorganized and reordered the critical path of the Lopez-Dahab scalar point multiplication architecture such that logic structures are implemented in parallel and operations in the critical path are diverted to noncritical paths. With G=41, the proposed design is capable of performing a field multiplication over the extension field with degree 163 in 11.92 s with the maximum achievable frequency of 251 MHz on Xilinx Virtex-4 (XC4VLX200) while 22% of the chip area is occupied, where G is the digit size of the underlying digit-serial finite field multiplier.
Abstract: In this paper, the typical exponential method, diamond difference and modified time discrete scheme is researched for self adaptive time step. The second-order time evolution scheme is applied to time-dependent spherical neutron transport equation by discrete ordinates method. The numerical results show that second-order time evolution scheme associated exponential method has some good properties. The time differential curve about neutron current is more smooth than that of exponential method and diamond difference and modified time discrete scheme.
Abstract: This work has been carried out in order to provide an understanding of the physical behaviors of the flow variation of pressure and temperature in a vortex tube. A computational fluid dynamics model is used to predict the flow fields and the associated temperature separation within a Ranque–Hilsch vortex tube. The CFD model is a steady axisymmetric model (with swirl) that utilizes the standard k-ε turbulence model. The second–order numerical schemes, was used to carry out all the computations. Vortex tube with a circumferential inlet stream and an axial (cold) outlet stream and a circumferential (hot) outlet stream was considered. Performance curves (temperature separation versus cold outlet mass fraction) were obtained for a specific vortex tube with a given inlet mass flow rate. Simulations have been carried out for varying amounts of cold outlet mass flow rates. The model results have a good agreement with experimental data.
Abstract: In this research, a part of Aghche basin in Isfahan
province with an area about 2000 hectars, was chosen to be obtain
curve number coefficient runoff and W indicator in second Cook
method By using aerial photos 1968 and 1995, the satellite data of
the IRS in 2008. Then the process of land use changes in the period
of study and its effect on the changes of curve number (CN), W
indicator and surface runoff coefficient (C) of the basin was
investigated. These results showed that on the track of these land use
changes the weight averages curve number (CN), surface runoff
coefficient (C) and W indicator of the basin were increased to 0.92,
0.02 and 0.78 unit in the first period of study and 1.18, 0.03, 0.99
Unit in the second period of study respectively.
Abstract: This paper presents a simple and sensitive kinetic
spectrophotometric method for the determination of ramipril in
commercial dosage forms. The method is based on the reaction of the
drug with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) in dimethylsulfoxide
(DMSO) at 100 ± 1ºC. The reaction is followed
spectrophotometrically by measuring the rate of change of the
absorbance at 420 nm. Fixed-time (ΔA) and equilibrium methods are
adopted for constructing the calibration curves. Both the calibration
curves were found to be linear over the concentration ranges 20 - 220
μg/ml. The regression analysis of calibration data yielded the linear
equations: Δ A = 6.30 × 10-4 + 1.54 × 10-3 C and A = 3.62 × 10-4 +
6.35 × 10-3 C for fixed time (Δ A) and equilibrium methods,
respectively. The limits of detection (LOD) for fixed time and
equilibrium methods are 1.47 and 1.05 μg/ml, respectively. The
method has been successfully applied to the determination of ramipril
in commercial dosage forms. Statistical comparison of the results
shows that there is no significant difference between the proposed
methods and Abdellatef-s spectrophotometric method.
Abstract: Image Searching was always a problem specially when these images are not properly managed or these are distributed over different locations. Currently different techniques are used for image search. On one end, more features of the image are captured and stored to get better results. Storing and management of such features is itself a time consuming job. While on the other extreme if fewer features are stored the accuracy rate is not satisfactory. Same image stored with different visual properties can further reduce the rate of accuracy. In this paper we present a new concept of using polynomials of sorted histogram of the image. This approach need less overhead and can cope with the difference in visual features of image.
Abstract: In order to study pressed pile test and ultimate bearing
capacity character of large-diameter steel pipe pile, based on two high-piled wharfs of Zhanjiang Port, pressed pile test and numerical simulation of three large-diameter steel pipe piles are analyzed in this
paper. Anchored pile method is used to pressed pile test, and the
curves of Q-s and ultimate bearing capacity are attained. Then the three piles are numerically simulated by ABAQUS, and results of numerical simulation and those of field test are comparatively analyzed. The results show that settlement value of numerical
simulation is larger than that of field test in the process of loading, the difference value is widening with the increasing of load, and the
ultimate difference value of settlement is 20% to 30%.
Abstract: Although many studies on the assembly technology of
the bridge construction have dealt mostly with on the pier, girder or the
deck of the bridge, studies on the prefabricated barrier have rarely been
performed. For understanding structural characteristics and
application of the concrete barrier in the modular bridge, which is an
assembly of structure members, static loading test was performed.
Structural performances as a road barrier of the three methods,
conventional cast-in-place(ST), vertical bolt connection(BVC) and
horizontal bolt connection(BHC) were evaluated and compared
through the analyses of load-displacement curves, strain curves of the
steel, concrete strain curves and the visual appearances of crack
patterns. The vertical bolt connection(BVC) method demonstrated
comparable performance as an alternative to conventional
cast-in-place(ST) while providing all the advantages of prefabricated
technology. Necessities for the future improvement in nuts
enforcement as well as legal standard and regulation are also
addressed.