Abstract: The changing economic climate has made global
manufacturing a growing reality over the last decade, forcing
companies from east and west and all over the world to
collaborate beyond geographic boundaries in the design,
manufacture and assemble of products. The ISO10303 and
ISO14649 Standards (STEP and STEP-NC) have been
developed to introduce interoperability into manufacturing
enterprises so as to meet the challenge of responding to
production on demand. This paper describes and illustrates a
STEP compliant CAD/CAPP/CAM System for the manufacture
of rotational parts on CNC turning centers. The information
models to support the proposed system together with the data
models defined in the ISO14649 standard used to create the NC
programs are also described. A structured view of a STEP
compliant CAD/CAPP/CAM system framework supporting the
next generation of intelligent CNC controllers for turn/mill
component manufacture is provided. Finally a proposed
computational environment for a STEP-NC compliant system
for turning operations (SCSTO) is described. SCSTO is the
experimental part of the research supported by the specification
of information models and constructed using a structured
methodology and object-oriented methods. SCSTO was
developed to generate a Part 21 file based on machining
features to support the interactive generation of process plans
utilizing feature extraction. A case study component has been
developed to prove the concept for using the milling and turning
parts of ISO14649 to provide a turn-mill CAD/CAPP/CAM
environment.
Abstract: This paper presents an iterative algorithm to find a
inverse kinematic solution of 5-DOF robot. The algorithm is to
minimize the iteration number. Since the 5-DOF robot cannot give full
orientation of tool. Only z-direction of tool is satisfied while rotation
of tool is determined by kinematic constraint. This work therefore
described how to specify the tool direction and let the tool rotation free.
The simulation results show that this algorithm effectively worked.
Using the proposed iteration algorithm, error due to inverse kinematics
converged to zero rapidly in 5 iterations. This algorithm was applied in
real welding robot and verified through various practical works.
Abstract: As a multicultural country, Indonesia has many subcultures
with unique performing arts. Some of them are well-known
to international tourists, such as music ensemble (known as gamelan)
in Bali and Java, shadow puppet play (wayang) in Java, and martial
arts (known as pencak silat) in Sumatra. Some examples of famous
traditional dances in Indonesia are Srimpi from Yogyakarta and Solo,
Legong from Bali, and Gong dance from Kalimantan. Performing arts
show the identity of a nation. However, they are a complex subject,
especially when they are addressed to children. The performing arts,
e.g. music, dance theatre, and opera are experiential, experimental,
and emotionally charged. Therefore, the right strategy and promotion
need to be developed to engage children to appreciate and preserve
traditional dances. This study aims to explore and identify
possibilities of internet usage as a medium to promote traditional
dances, especially to children in Indonesia.
Abstract: Decision Support System (DSS) are interactive
software systems that are built to assist the management of an
organization in the decision making process when faced with nonroutine
problems in a specific application domain. Non-functional
requirements (NFRs) for a DSS deal with the desirable qualities and
restrictions that the DSS functionalities must satisfy. Unlike the
functional requirements, which are tangible functionalities provided
by the DSS, NFRs are often hidden and transparent to DSS users but
affect the quality of the provided functionalities. NFRs are often
overlooked or added later to the system in an ad hoc manner, leading
to a poor overall quality of the system. In this paper, we discuss the
development of NFRs as part of the requirements engineering phase
of the system development life cycle of DSSs. To help eliciting
NFRs, we provide a comprehensive taxonomy of NFRs for DSSs.
Abstract: The performance of modified Fenton (MF) treatment
to promote PAH oxidation in artificially contaminated soil was
investigated in packed soil column with a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
delivery system simulating in situ injection. Soil samples were spiked
with phenanthrene (low molecular weight PAH) and fluoranthene
(high molecular weight PAH) to an initial concentration of 500
mg/kg dried soil each. The effectiveness of process parameters
H2O2/soil, iron/soil, chelating agent/soil weight ratios and reaction
time were studied using a 24 three level factorial design experiments.
Statistically significant quadratic models were developed using
Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for degrading PAHs from the
soil samples. Optimum operating condition was achieved at mild
range of H2O2/soil, iron/soil and chelating agent/soil weight ratios,
indicating cost efficient method for treating highly contaminated
lands.
Abstract: This paper presents the development of a hybrid
thermal model for the EVO Electric AFM 140 Axial Flux Permanent
Magnet (AFPM) machine as used in hybrid and electric vehicles. The
adopted approach is based on a hybrid lumped parameter and finite
difference method. The proposed method divides each motor
component into regular elements which are connected together in a
thermal resistance network representing all the physical connections
in all three dimensions. The element shape and size are chosen
according to the component geometry to ensure consistency. The
fluid domain is lumped into one region with averaged heat transfer
parameters connecting it to the solid domain. Some model parameters
are obtained from Computation Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation and
empirical data. The hybrid thermal model is described by a set of
coupled linear first order differential equations which is discretised
and solved iteratively to obtain the temperature profile. The
computation involved is low and thus the model is suitable for
transient temperature predictions. The maximum error in temperature
prediction is 3.4% and the mean error is consistently lower than the
mean error due to uncertainty in measurements. The details of the
model development, temperature predictions and suggestions for
design improvements are presented in this paper.
Abstract: Microwave energy can be used for drying purpose. It is unique process. It is distinctly different from conventional drying process. It is advantageous over conventional drying / heating processes. When microwave energy is used for drying purpose, the process can be accelerated with a better control to achieve uniform heating, more conversion efficiency, selective drying and ultimately improved product quality of the output. Also, less floor space and compact system are the added advantages. Existing low power microwave drying system is to be modified with suitable applicator. Appropriate sensors are to be used to measure parameters like moisture, temperature, weight of sample. Suitable high tech controller is to be used to control microwave power continuously from minimum to maximum. Phase - controller, cycle - controller and PWM - controller are some of the advanced power control techniques. It has been proposed to work on turmeric using high-tech phase controller to control the microwave power conveniently. The drying of turmeric with microwave energy employing phase controller gives better results as formulated in this paper and hence new approach of processing turmeric will open future doors of profit making to allied industries and the farmers.
Abstract: The paper structures research approaches to the crisis
and its management. It focuses on approaches – psychological,
sociological, economic, ethical and technological. Furthermore, it
describes the basic features of models chosen according to those
approaches. By their comparison it shows how the crisis influences
organizations and individuals, and their mutual interaction.
Abstract: Scheduling algorithm is a key technology in satellite
switching system with input-buffer. In this paper, a new scheduling
algorithm and its realization are proposed. Based on Crossbar
switching fabric, the algorithm adopts serial scheduling strategy and
adjusts the output port arbitrating strategy for the better equity of every
port. Consequently, it increases the matching probability. The
algorithm can greatly reduce the scheduling delay and cell loss rate.
The analysis and simulation results by OPNET show that the proposed
algorithm has the better performance than others in average delay and
cell loss rate, and has the equivalent complexity. On the basis of these
results, the hardware realization and simulation based on FPGA are
completed, which validate the feasibility of the new scheduling
algorithm.
Abstract: The primary objective of this research is to improve the flexural capacity of FRP strengthened RC Beam structures with Aluminum and Titanium laminates. FRP rupture of flexural strengthened RC beams using FRP plates generally occurs at the interface between FRP plate and the beam. Therefore, in order to prevent brittle rupture and improve the ductility of the system, this research was performed by using Aluminum and Titanium materials between the two different structural systems. The research also aims to provide various strengthening/retrofitting methods for RC beam structures and to conduct a preliminary analysis of the demands on the structural systems. This was achieved by estimation using the experimental data from this research to identify a flexural capacity for the systems. Ultimately, the preliminary analysis of current study showed that the flexural capacity and system demand ductility was significantly improved by the systems inserted with Aluminum and Titanium anchor plates. Further verification of the experimental research is currently on its way to develop a new or reliable design guideline to retrofit/strengthen the concrete-FRP structural system can be evaluated.
Abstract: Few studies have been conducted on polymeric strip
and the behavior of soil retaining walls. This paper will present the
effect of frequency on the dynamic behavior of reinforced soil
retaining walls with polymeric strips. The frequency content
describes how the amplitude of a ground motion is distributed among
different frequencies. Since the frequency content of an earthquake
motion will strongly influence the effects of that motion, the
characterization of the motion cannot be completed without the
consideration of its frequency content. The maximum axial force of
reinforcements and horizontal displacement of the reinforced walls
are focused in this research. To clarify the dynamic behavior of
reinforced soil retaining walls with polymeric strips, a numerical
modeling using Finite Difference Method is benefited. As the results
indicate, the frequency of input base acceleration has an important
effect on the behavior of these structures. Because of resonant in the
system, where the frequency of the input dynamic load is equal to the
natural frequency of the system, the maximum horizontal
displacement and the maximum axial forces in polymeric strips is
occurred. Moreover, they were to increase the structure flexibility
because of the main advantages of polymeric strips; i.e. being simple
method of construction, having a homogeneous behavior with soils,
and possessing long durability, which are of great importance in
dynamic analysis.
Abstract: Method of Parallel Joint Channel Coding and
Cryptography has been analyzed and simulated in this paper. The
method is an extension of Soft Input Decryption with feedback,
which is used for improvement of channel decoding of secured
messages. Parallel Joint Channel Coding and Cryptography results in
improved coding gain of channel decoding, which achieves more
than 2 dB. Such results are an implication of a combination of
receiver components and their interoperability.
Abstract: To improve the dynamics response of the vehicle
passive suspension, a two-terminal mass is suggested to connect in
parallel with the suspension strut. Three performance criteria, tire grip,
ride comfort and suspension deflection, are taken into consideration to
optimize the suspension parameters. However, the three criteria are
conflicting and non-commensurable. For this reason, the Chebyshev
goal programming method is applied to find the best tradeoff among
the three objectives. A simulation case is presented to describe the
multi-objective optimization procedure. For comparison, the
Chebyshev method is also employed to optimize the design of a
conventional passive suspension. The effectiveness of the proposed
design method has been clearly demonstrated by the result. It is also
shown that the suspension with a two-terminal mass in parallel has
better performance in terms of the three objectives.
Abstract: This paper presents a review of an 8-year study on radiation effects in commercial memory devices operating within the main on-board computer system OBC386 of the Algerian microsatellite Alsat-1. A statistical analysis of single-event upset (SEU) and multiple-bit upset (MBU) activity in these commercial memories shows that the typical SEU rate at alsat-1's orbit is 4.04 × 10-7 SEU/bit/day, where 98.6% of these SEUs cause single-bit errors, 1.22% cause double-byte errors, and the remaining SEUs result in multiple-bit and severe errors.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to study the internal
stabilization of the Bernoulli-Euler equation numerically. For this,
we consider a square plate subjected to a feedback/damping force
distributed only in a subdomain. An algorithm for obtaining an
approximate solution to this problem was proposed and implemented.
The numerical method used was the Finite Difference Method.
Numerical simulations were performed and showed the behavior of
the solution, confirming the theoretical results that have already been
proved in the literature. In addition, we studied the validation of the
numerical scheme proposed, followed by an analysis of the numerical
error; and we conducted a study on the decay of the energy associated.
Abstract: This paper presents a model for analysis the induced voltage of transmission lines (energized) acting on neighboring distribution lines (de-energized). From environmental restrictions, 22 kV distribution lines need to be installed under 115 kV transmission lines. With the installation of the two parallel circuits like this, they make the induced voltage which can cause harm to operators. This work was performed with the ATP-EMTP modeling to analyze such phenomenon before field testing. Simulation results are used to find solutions to prevent danger to operators who are on the pole.
Abstract: The Ni/α-Al2O3 catalysts with different amounts of La
as promoter from 0 to 4 wt % were prepared, characterized and their
catalytic activity was investigated in syngas methanation reaction.
Effects of reaction temperature and lanthanum loading on carbon
oxides conversion and methane selectivity were also studied. Adding
certain amount of lanthanum to 10Ni /α-Al2O3 catalysts can decrease
the average NiO crystallite diameter which leads to higher activity and
stability while excessive addition would cause deactivation quickly.
Stability on stream towards deactivation was observed up to 800 min
at 500 °C, 0.1MPa and 600000 mL·g-1·h-1.
Abstract: Mobile WiMAX is a broadband wireless solution that
enables convergence of mobile and fixed broadband networks
through a common wide area broadband radio access technology and
flexible network architecture. It adopts Orthogonal Frequency
Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) for improved multi-path
performance in Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) environments. Scalable
OFDMA (SOFDMA) is introduced in the IEEE 802e[1]. WIMAX
system uses one of different types of channel coding but The
mandatory channel coding scheme is based on binary nonrecursive
Convolutional Coding (CC). There are other several optional channel
coding schemes such as block turbo codes, convolutional turbo
codes, and low density parity check (LDPC).
In this paper a comparison between the performance of WIMAX
using turbo code and using convolutional product code (CPC) [2] is
made. Also a combination between them had been done. The CPC
gives good results at different SNR values compared to both the
turbo system, and the combination between them. For example, at
BER equal to 10-2 for 128 subcarriers, the amount of improvement
in SNR equals approximately 3 dB higher than turbo code and equals
approximately 2dB higher than the combination respectively. Several
results are obtained at different modulating schemes (16QAM and
64QAM) and different numbers of sub-carriers (128 and 512).
Abstract: The objective of this study is to evaluate the threshold
stress of the clay with sand subgrade soil. Threshold stress can be
defined as the stress level above which cyclic loading leads to
excessive deformation and eventual failure. The thickness
determination of highways formations using the threshold stress
approach is a more realistic assessment of the soil behaviour because
it is subjected to repeated loadings from moving vehicles. Threshold
stress can be evaluated by plastic strain criterion, which is based on
the accumulated plastic strain behaviour during cyclic loadings [1].
Several conditions of the all-round pressure the subgrade soil namely,
zero confinement, low all-round pressure and high all-round pressure
are investigated. The threshold stresses of various soil conditions are
determined. Threshold stress of the soil are 60%, 31% and 38.6% for
unconfined partially saturated sample, low effective stress saturated
sample, high effective stress saturated sample respectively.
Abstract: Region covariance (RC) descriptor is an effective
and efficient feature for visual tracking. Current RC-based tracking
algorithms use the whole RC matrix to track the target in video
directly. However, there exist some issues for these whole RCbased
algorithms. If some features are contaminated, the whole RC
will become unreliable, which results in lost object-tracking. In
addition, if some features are very discriminative to the
background, other features are still processed and thus reduce the
efficiency. In this paper a new robust tracking method is proposed,
in which the whole RC matrix is decomposed into several low rank
matrices. Those matrices are dynamically chosen and processed so
as to achieve a good tradeoff between discriminability and
complexity. Experimental results have shown that our method is
more robust to complex environment changes, especially either
when occlusion happens or when the background is similar to the
target compared to other RC-based methods.