Abstract: Classifying biomedical literature is a difficult and
challenging task, especially when a large number of biomedical
articles should be organized into a hierarchical structure. In this paper,
we present an approach for classifying a collection of biomedical text
abstracts downloaded from Medline database with the help of
ontology alignment. To accomplish our goal, we construct two types
of hierarchies, the OHSUMED disease hierarchy and the Medline
abstract disease hierarchies from the OHSUMED dataset and the
Medline abstracts, respectively. Then, we enrich the OHSUMED
disease hierarchy before adapting it to ontology alignment process for
finding probable concepts or categories. Subsequently, we compute
the cosine similarity between the vector in probable concepts (in the
“enriched" OHSUMED disease hierarchy) and the vector in Medline
abstract disease hierarchies. Finally, we assign category to the new
Medline abstracts based on the similarity score. The results obtained
from the experiments show the performance of our proposed approach
for hierarchical classification is slightly better than the performance of
the multi-class flat classification.
Abstract: Prediction of fault-prone modules provides one way to
support software quality engineering. Clustering is used to determine
the intrinsic grouping in a set of unlabeled data. Among various
clustering techniques available in literature K-Means clustering
approach is most widely being used. This paper introduces K-Means
based Clustering approach for software finding the fault proneness of
the Object-Oriented systems. The contribution of this paper is that it
has used Metric values of JEdit open source software for generation
of the rules for the categorization of software modules in the
categories of Faulty and non faulty modules and thereafter
empirically validation is performed. The results are measured in
terms of accuracy of prediction, probability of Detection and
Probability of False Alarms.
Abstract: This paper considers a scheduling problem in flexible
flow shops environment with the aim of minimizing two important
criteria including makespan and cumulative tardiness of jobs. Since
the proposed problem is known as an Np-hard problem in literature,
we have to develop a meta-heuristic to solve it. We considered
general structure of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and developed a new
version of that based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Two
objective functions assumed as two different inputs for each Decision
Making Unit (DMU). In this paper we focused on efficiency score of
DMUs and efficient frontier concept in DEA technique. After
introducing the method we defined two different scenarios with
considering two types of mutation operator. Also we provided an
experimental design with some computational results to show the
performance of algorithm. The results show that the algorithm
implements in a reasonable time.
Abstract: Assembly line balancing is a very important issue in
mass production systems due to production cost. Although many
studies have been done on this topic, but because assembly line
balancing problems are so complex they are categorized as NP-hard
problems and researchers strongly recommend using heuristic
methods. This paper presents a new heuristic approach called the
critical task method (CTM) for solving U-shape assembly line
balancing problems. The performance of the proposed heuristic
method is tested by solving a number of test problems and comparing
them with 12 other heuristics available in the literature to confirm the
superior performance of the proposed heuristic. Furthermore, to
prove the efficiency of the proposed CTM, the objectives are
increased to minimize the number of workstation (or equivalently
maximize line efficiency), and minimizing the smoothness index.
Finally, it is proven that the proposed heuristic is more efficient than
the others to solve the U-shape assembly line balancing problem.
Abstract: The storage of thermal energy as a latent heat of phase
change material (PCM) has created considerable interest among
researchers in recent times. Here, an attempt is made to carry out
numerical investigations to analyze the performance of latent heat
storage units (LHSU) employing phase change material. The
mathematical model developed is based on an enthalpy formulation.
Freezing time of PCM packed in three different shaped containers
viz. rectangular, cylindrical and cylindrical shell is compared. The
model is validated with the results available in the literature. Results
show that for the same mass of PCM and surface area of heat
transfer, cylindrical shell container takes the least time for freezing
the PCM and this geometric effect is more pronounced with an
increase in the thickness of the shell than that of length of the shell.
Abstract: User satisfaction is one of the most used success
indicators in the research of information system (IS). Literature
shows user expectations have great influence on user satisfaction.
Both expectation and satisfaction of users are important for Hospital
Information Systems (HIS). Education, IS experience, age, attitude
towards change, business title, sex and working unit of the hospital,
are examined as the potential determinant of the medical users’
expectations. Data about medical user expectations are collected by
the “Expectation Questionnaire” developed for this study.
Expectation data are used for calculating the Expectation Meeting
Ratio (EMR) with the evaluation framework also developed for this
study. The internal consistencies of the answers to the questionnaire
are measured by Cronbach´s Alpha coefficient. The multivariate
analysis of medical user’s EMRs of HIS is performed by forward
stepwise binary logistic regression analysis. Education and business
title is appeared to be the determinants of expectations from HIS.
Abstract: Markov games can be effectively used to design
controllers for nonlinear systems. The paper presents two novel
controller design algorithms by incorporating ideas from gametheory
literature that address safety and consistency issues of the
'learned' control strategy. A more widely used approach for
controller design is the H∞ optimal control, which suffers from high
computational demand and at times, may be infeasible. We generate
an optimal control policy for the agent (controller) via a simple
Linear Program enabling the controller to learn about the unknown
environment. The controller is facing an unknown environment and
in our formulation this environment corresponds to the behavior rules
of the noise modeled as the opponent. Proposed approaches aim to
achieve 'safe-consistent' and 'safe-universally consistent' controller
behavior by hybridizing 'min-max', 'fictitious play' and 'cautious
fictitious play' approaches drawn from game theory. We empirically
evaluate the approaches on a simulated Inverted Pendulum swing-up
task and compare its performance against standard Q learning.
Abstract: Due to urbanization, trees and plants which covered a great land mass of the earth and are an excellent carbon dioxide (CO2) absorber through photosynthesis are being replaced by several concrete based structures. It is therefore important to have these cement based structures absorb the large volume of carbon dioxide which the trees would have removed from the atmosphere during their useful lifespan. Hence the need for these cement based structures to be designed to serve other useful purposes in addition to shelter. This paper reviews the properties of Sodium carbonate and sugar as admixtures in concrete with respect to improving carbon sequestration in concrete.
Abstract: Science parks are often established to drive regional
economic growth, especially in countries with emerging economies.
However, mixed findings regarding the performances of science park
firms are found in the literature. This study tries to explain these
mixed findings by taking a relational approach and exploring
(un)intended knowledge transfers between new technology-based
firms (NTBFs) in the emerging South African economy. Moreover,
the innovation outcomes of these NTBFs are examined by using a
multi-dimensional construct. Results show that science park location
plays a significant role in explaining innovative sales, but is
insignificant when a different indicator of innovation outcomes is
used. Furthermore, only for innovations that are new to the firms,
both science park location and intended knowledge transfer via
informal business relationships have a positive impact; whereas
social relationships have a negative impact.
Abstract: A two-parameter fatigue model explicitly accounting for the cyclic as well as the mean stress was used to fit static and fatigue data available in literature concerning carbon fiber reinforced composite laminates subjected tension-tension fatigue. The model confirms the strength–life equal rank assumption and predicts reasonably the probability of failure under cyclic loading. The model parameters were found by best fitting procedures and required a minimum of experimental tests.
Abstract: Cross layer optimization based on utility functions has
been recently studied extensively, meanwhile, numerous types of
utility functions have been examined in the corresponding literature.
However, a major drawback is that most utility functions take a fixed
mathematical form or are based on simple combining, which can
not fully exploit available information. In this paper, we formulate a
framework of cross layer optimization based on Adaptively Weighted
Utility Functions (AWUF) for fairness balancing in OFDMA networks.
Under this framework, a two-step allocation algorithm is
provided as a sub-optimal solution, whose control parameters can be
updated in real-time to accommodate instantaneous QoS constrains.
The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves
high throughput while balancing the fairness among multiple users.
Abstract: In order to encourage the construction of green homes
(GH) in Malaysia, a simple and attainable framework for designing
and building GHs is needed. This can be achieved by aligning GH
principles against Cole-s 'Sustainable Building Criteria' (SBC). This
set of considerations was used to categorize the GH features of three
case studies from Malaysia. Although the categorization of building
features is useful at exploring the presence of sustainability
inclinations of each house, the overall impact of building features in
each of the five SBCs are unknown. Therefore, this paper explored
the possibility of quantifying the impact of building features
categorized in SBC1 – “Buildings will have to adapt to the new
environment and restore damaged ecology while mitigating resource
use" based on existing GH assessment tools and methods and other
literature. This process as reported in this paper could lead to a new
dimension in green home rating and assessment methods.
Abstract: Restoration of endodontically treated teeth is a
common problem in dentistry, related to the fractures occurring in
such teeth and to concentration of forces little information regarding
variation of basic preparation guidelines in stress distribution has
been available. To date, there is still no agreement in the literature
about which material or technique can optimally restore
endodontically treated teeth. The aim of the present study was to
evaluate the influence of the core height and restoration materials on
corono-radicular restored upper first premolar. The first step of the
study was to achieve 3D models in order to analyze teeth, dowel and
core restorations and overlying full ceramic crowns. The FEM model
was obtained by importing the solid model into ANSYS finite
element analysis software. An occlusal load of 100 N was conducted,
and stresses occurring in the restorations, and teeth structures were
calculated. Numerical simulations provide a biomechanical
explanation for stress distribution in prosthetic restored teeth. Within
the limitations of the present study, it was found that the core height
has no important influence on the stress generated in coronoradicular
restored premolars. It can be drawn that the cervical regions
of the teeth and restorations were subjected to the highest stress
concentrations.
Abstract: Waiting times and queues are a daily problem for theme parks. Fast lines or priority queues appear as a solution for a specific segment of customers, that is, tourists who are willing to pay to avoid waiting. This paper analyzes the fast line system and explores the factors that affect the decision to purchase a fast line pass. A greater understanding of these factors may help companies to design appropriate products and services. This conceptual paper was based on a literature review in marketing and consumer behavior. Additional research was identified in related disciplines such as leisure studies, psychology, and sociology. A conceptual framework of the factors influencing the decision to purchase a fast line pass is presented.
Abstract: This study1 holds for the formation of international financial crisis and political factors for economic crisis in Turkey, are evaluated in chronological order. The international arena and relevant studies conducted in Turkey work in the literature are assessed. The main purpose of the study is to hold the linkage between the crises and political stability in Turkey in details, and to examine the position of Turkey in this regard. The introduction part follows the literature survey on the models explaining causes and results of the crises, the second part of the study. In the third part, the formations of the world financial crises are studied. The fourth part, financial crisis in Turkey in 1994, 2000, 2001 and 2008 are reviewed and their political reasons are analyzed. In the last part of the study the results and recommendations are held. Political administrations have laid the grounds for an economic crisis in Turkey. In this study, the emergence of an economic crisis in Turkey and the developments after the crisis are chronologically examined and an explanation is offered as to the cause and effect relationship between the political administration and economic equilibrium in the country. Economic crises can be characterized as follows: high prices of consumables, high interest rates, current account deficits, budget deficits, structural defects in government finance, rising inflation and fixed currency applications, rising government debt, declining savings rates and increased dependency on foreign capital stock. Entering into the conditions of crisis during a time when the exchange value of the country-s national currency was rising, speculative finance movements and shrinking of foreign currency reserves happened due to expectations for devaluation and because of foreign investors- resistance to financing national debt, and a financial risk occurs. During the February 2001 crisis and immediately following, devaluation and reduction of value occurred in Turkey-s stock market. While changing over to the system of floating exchange rates in the midst of this crisis, the effects of the crisis on the real economy are discussed in this study. Administered politics include financial reforms, such as the rearrangement of banking systems. These reforms followed with the provision of foreign financial support. There have been winners and losers in the imbalance of income distribution, which has recently become more evident in Turkey-s fragile economy.
Abstract: In this paper we are to find the optimum
multiwavelet for compression of electrocardiogram (ECG)
signals. At present, it is not well known which multiwavelet is
the best choice for optimum compression of ECG. In this
work, we examine different multiwavelets on 24 sets of ECG
data with entirely different characteristics, selected from MITBIH
database. For assessing the functionality of the different
multiwavelets in compressing ECG signals, in addition to
known factors such as Compression Ratio (CR), Percent Root
Difference (PRD), Distortion (D), Root Mean Square Error
(RMSE) in compression literature, we also employed the
Cross Correlation (CC) criterion for studying the
morphological relations between the reconstructed and the
original ECG signal and Signal to reconstruction Noise Ratio
(SNR). The simulation results show that the cardbal2 by the
means of identity (Id) prefiltering method to be the best
effective transformation.
Abstract: This paper proposes a new version of the Particle
Swarm Optimization (PSO) namely, Modified PSO (MPSO) for
model order formulation of Single Input Single Output (SISO) linear
time invariant continuous systems. In the General PSO, the
movement of a particle is governed by three behaviors namely
inertia, cognitive and social. The cognitive behavior helps the
particle to remember its previous visited best position. In Modified
PSO technique split the cognitive behavior into two sections like
previous visited best position and also previous visited worst
position. This modification helps the particle to search the target very
effectively. MPSO approach is proposed to formulate the higher
order model. The method based on the minimization of error
between the transient responses of original higher order model and
the reduced order model pertaining to the unit step input. The results
obtained are compared with the earlier techniques utilized, to validate
its ease of computation. The proposed method is illustrated through
numerical example from literature.
Abstract: This paper contributes to the literature concerning burden sharing. We provide a quantitative expression of the burden sharing behaviour of 174 states in the case of combating terrorist financing and address specific burden sharing issues in this context (i.e., weakest link; no substitutability). We conclude that advanced states have shown more effort to control terrorist financing than developing states. In this particular case, there is an incentive for advanced states to support developing states. Failing to do so will make the total financial system worse off.
Abstract: This manuscript presents a fast blind signature scheme
with extremely low computation for users. Only several modular additions
and multiplications are required for a user to obtain and verify
a signature in the proposed scheme. Comparing with the existing
ones in the literature, the scheme greatly reduces the computations
for users.
Abstract: This paper presents the Literature Review of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips to reinforced concrete (RC) as a strengthening solution for T-beams. Although a great deal of research has been carried out on Rectangular beams strengthened with Fibre-Reinforced Polymer composites (FRP), Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have been increasingly studied for their application in the flexural or shear strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) members. A detailed discussion of the shearstrengthening repair with FRP is undertaken. This paper will be limited to research of CFRP material externally bonded to the tensile face of concrete beams. In particular, research studying the effect of externally applied CFRP materials on the shear performance of reinforced concrete beams will be reported.