Abstract: Each year many people are reported missing in most of the countries in the world owing to various reasons. Arrangements have to be made to find these people after some time. So the investigating agencies are compelled to make out these people by using manpower. But in many cases, the investigations carried out to find out an absconding for a long time may not be successful. At a time like that it may be difficult to identify these people by examining their old photographs, because their facial appearance might have changed mainly due to the natural aging process. On some occasions in forensic medicine if a dead body is found, investigations should be held to make sure that this corpse belongs to the same person disappeared some time ago. With the passage of time the face of the person might have changed and there should be a mechanism to reveal the person-s identity. In order to make this process easy, we must guess and decide as to how he will look like by now. To address this problem this paper presents a way of synthesizing a facial image with the aging effects.
Abstract: Whilst there is growing evidence that activity across
the lifespan is beneficial for improved health, there are also many
changes involved with the aging process and subsequently the
potential for reduced indices of health. The nexus between all forms
of health, physical activity and aging is complex and has raised much
interest in recent times due to the realization that a multifaceted
approached is necessary in order to counteract a growing obesity
epidemic. By investigating age based trends within a population
adherring to competitive sport at older ages, further insight might be
gleaned to assist in understanding one of many factors influencing
this relationship. This study evaluated those sport psychological
constructs of health, physical fitness, mental health states, and social
dimension factors in sport that were associated with factors to
participate in sport and physical activity based on responses from the
2009 World Masters Games in Sydney. The sample consisted of
7846 athletes who competed at the games and who completed a 56
item sports participation survey using a 7-point Likert response (1 -
not important to 7 - very important). Questions focuses on factors
thought to promote participation, such as weight control, living
longer, improving mental health (self-esteem, mood states),
improving physical health and factors related to the athlete-s
competitive perspective. The most significant factors related to
participation with this cohort of masters athletes were the socializing
environment of sport, getting physically fit and improving
competitive personal best performances. Strategies to increase
participation in masters sport should focus on these factors as other
factors such as weight loss, improving mental health and living
longer were not identified as important determinates of sports
participation at the World Masters level.
Abstract: For the sensor network to operate successfully, the active nodes should maintain both sensing coverage and network connectivity. Furthermore, scheduling sleep intervals plays critical role for energy efficiency of wireless sensor networks. Traditional methods for sensor scheduling use either sensing coverage or network connectivity, but rarely both. In this paper, we use random scheduling for sensing coverage and then turn on extra sensor nodes, if necessary, for network connectivity. Simulation results have demonstrated that the number of extra nodes that is on with upper bound of around 9%, is small compared to the total number of deployed sensor nodes. Thus energy consumption for switching on extra sensor node is small.
Abstract: Today air-core coils (ACC) are a viable alternative to
ferrite-core coils in a range of applications due to their low induction
effect. An analytical study was carried out and the results were used as
a guide to understand the relationship between the magnet-coil
distance and the resulting attractive magnetic force. Four different
ACC models were fabricated for experimental study. The variation in
the models included the dimensions, the number of coil turns and the
current supply to the coil. Comparison between the analytical and
experimental results for all the models shows an average discrepancy
of less than 10%. An optimized ACC design was selected for the
scanner which can provide maximum magnetic force.
Abstract: In order to study of The Effect of seed inoculation
with Pseudomonas putida+Bacillus lentus on yield and yield
components of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, an experiment
was carried out as factorial based on Randomized Complete Block
Design (RCBD) in Agricultural Research Station of Shahrood
University of Technology. Results showed that inoculation with
Pseudomonas putida+Bacillus lentus promoted seed germination.
Also, inoculation with Pseudomonas putida+Bacillus lentus
significantly affected grain yield, Number of spikes per m2,
Number of grain per spike and 1000-seed weight and There was not
statistically significant difference between Chamran and Pishtaz
cultivars . Finally, the dosages of chemical fertilizers currently
applied in commercial wheat field in Iran (Shahrood region) could be
reduced through proper combination of Pseudomonas
putida+Bacillus lentus inoculation plus fertilization.
Abstract: Tip vortex cavitation is one of well known patterns of
cavitation phenomenon which occurs in axial pumps. This pattern of
cavitation occurs due to pressure difference between the pressure and
suction sides of blades of an axial pump. Since the pressure in the
pressure side of the blade is higher than the pressure in its suction
side, thus a very small portion of liquid flow flows back from
pressure side to the suction side. This fact is cause of tip vortex
cavitation and gap cavitation that may occur in axial pumps. In this
paper the results of our experimental investigation about movement
of tip vortex cavitation along blade edge due to reduction of pump
flow rate in an axial pump is reported. Results show that reduction of
pump flow rate in conjunction with increasing of outlet pressure
causes movement of tip vortex cavitation along blade edge towards
the blade tip. Results also show that by approaching tip vortex
cavitation to the blade tip, vortex tip pattern of cavitation replaces
with a cavitation phenomenon on the blade tip. Furthermore by
further reduction of pump flow rate and increasing of outlet pressure,
an unstable cavitation phenomenon occurs between each blade
leading edge and the next blade trailing edge.
Abstract: Selective oxidation of H2S to elemental sulfur in a
fixed bed reactor over newly synthesized alumina nanocatalysts was
physio-chemically investigated and results compared with a
commercial Claus catalyst. Amongst these new materials, Al2O3-
supported sodium oxide prepared with wet chemical technique and
Al2O3 nanocatalyst prepared with spray pyrolysis method were the
most active catalysts for selective oxidation of H2S to elemental
sulfur. Other prepared nanocatalysts were quickly deactivated,
mainly due to the interaction with H2S and conversion into sulfides.
Abstract: Compression algorithms reduce the redundancy in
data representation to decrease the storage required for that data.
Lossless compression researchers have developed highly
sophisticated approaches, such as Huffman encoding, arithmetic
encoding, the Lempel-Ziv (LZ) family, Dynamic Markov
Compression (DMC), Prediction by Partial Matching (PPM), and
Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT) based algorithms.
Decompression is also required to retrieve the original data by
lossless means. A compression scheme for text files coupled with
the principle of dynamic decompression, which decompresses only
the section of the compressed text file required by the user instead of
decompressing the entire text file. Dynamic decompressed files offer
better disk space utilization due to higher compression ratios
compared to most of the currently available text file formats.
Abstract: In H.264/AVC video encoding, rate-distortion
optimization for mode selection plays a significant role to achieve
outstanding performance in compression efficiency and video quality.
However, this mode selection process also makes the encoding
process extremely complex, especially in the computation of the ratedistortion
cost function, which includes the computations of the sum
of squared difference (SSD) between the original and reconstructed
image blocks and context-based entropy coding of the block. In this
paper, a transform-domain rate-distortion optimization accelerator
based on fast SSD (FSSD) and VLC-based rate estimation algorithm
is proposed. This algorithm could significantly simplify the hardware
architecture for the rate-distortion cost computation with only
ignorable performance degradation. An efficient hardware structure
for implementing the proposed transform-domain rate-distortion
optimization accelerator is also proposed. Simulation results
demonstrated that the proposed algorithm reduces about 47% of total
encoding time with negligible degradation of coding performance.
The proposed method can be easily applied to many mobile video
application areas such as a digital camera and a DMB (Digital
Multimedia Broadcasting) phone.
Abstract: Wireless LAN technologies have picked up
momentum in the recent years due to their ease of deployment, cost
and availability. The era of wireless LAN has also given rise to
unique applications like VOIP, IPTV and unified messaging.
However, these real-time applications are very sensitive to network
and handoff latencies. To successfully support these applications,
seamless roaming during the movement of mobile station has become
crucial. Nowadays, centralized architecture models support roaming
in WLANs. They have the ability to manage, control and
troubleshoot large scale WLAN deployments. This model is managed
by Control and Provision of Wireless Access Point protocol
(CAPWAP). This paper covers the CAPWAP architectural solution
along with its proposals that have emerged. Based on the literature
survey conducted in this paper, we found that the proposed
algorithms to reduce roaming latency in CAPWAP architecture do
not support seamless roaming. Additionally, they are not sufficient
during the initial period of the network. This paper also suggests
important design consideration for mobility support in future
centralized IEEE 802.11 networks.
Abstract: When a high DC voltage is applied to a capacitor with
strongly asymmetrical electrodes, it generates a mechanical force that
affects the whole capacitor. This phenomenon is most likely to be
caused by the motion of ions generated around the smaller of the two
electrodes and their subsequent interaction with the surrounding
medium. A method to measure this force has been devised and used.
A formula describing the force has also been derived. After
comparing the data gained through experiments with those acquired
using the theoretical formula, a difference was found above a certain
value of current. This paper also gives reasons for this difference.
Abstract: In this paper, a joint source-channel coding (JSCC) scheme for time-varying channels is presented. The proposed scheme uses hierarchical framework for both source encoder and transmission via QAM modulation. Hierarchical joint source channel codes with hierarchical QAM constellations are designed to track the channel variations which yields to a higher throughput by adapting certain parameters of the receiver to the channel variation. We consider the problem of still image transmission over time-varying channels with channel state information (CSI) available at 1) receiver only and 2) both transmitter and receiver being informed about the state of the channel. We describe an algorithm that optimizes hierarchical source codebooks by minimizing the distortion due to source quantizer and channel impairments. Simulation results, based on image representation, show that, the proposed hierarchical system outperforms the conventional schemes based on a single-modulator and channel optimized source coding.
Abstract: This paper describes an efficient and practical method
for economic dispatch problem in one and two area electrical power
systems with considering the constraint of the tie transmission line
capacity constraint. Direct search method (DSM) is used with some
equality and inequality constraints of the production units with any
kind of fuel cost function. By this method, it is possible to use several
inequality constraints without having difficulty for complex cost
functions or in the case of unavailability of the cost function
derivative. To minimize the number of total iterations in searching,
process multi-level convergence is incorporated in the DSM.
Enhanced direct search method (EDSM) for two area power system
will be investigated. The initial calculation step size that causes less
iterations and then less calculation time is presented. Effect of the
transmission tie line capacity, between areas, on economic dispatch
problem and on total generation cost will be studied; line
compensation and active power with reactive power dispatch are
proposed to overcome the high generation costs for this multi-area
system.
Abstract: This paper presents a comparison of average outgoing
quality limit of the MCSP-2-C plan with MCSP-C when MCSP-2-C
has been developed from MCSP-C. The parameters used in MCSP-2-
C are: i (the clearance number), c (the acceptance number), m (the
number of conforming units to be found before allowing c nonconforming
units in the sampling inspection), f1 and f2 (the sampling
frequency at level 1 and 2, respectively). The average outgoing
quality limit (AOQL) values from two plans were compared and we
found that for all sets of i, r, and c values, MCSP-2-C gives higher
values than MCSP-C. For all sets of i, r, and c values, the average
outgoing quality values of MCSP-C and MCSP-2-C are similar when
p is low or high but is difference when p is moderate.
Abstract: In recent years in Kazakhstan, as well as in all countries, we have been talking not only about the professional stress, but also professional Burnout Syndrome of employees. Burnout is essentially a response to chronic emotional stress – manifests itself in the form of chronic fatigue, despondency, unmotivated aggression, anger, and others. This condition is due to mental fatigue among teachers as a sort of payment for overstrain when professional commitments include the impact of “heat your soul", emotional investment. The emergence of professional Burnout among teachers is due to the system of interrelated and mutually reinforcing factors relating to the various levels of the personality: individually-psychological level is psychodynamic special subject characteristics of valuemotivational sphere and formation of skills and habits of selfregulation; the socio-psychological level includes especially the Organization and interpersonal interaction of a teacher. Signs of the Burnout were observed in 15 testees, and virtually a symptom could be observed in every teacher. As a result of the diagnosis 48% of teachers had the signs of stress (phase syndrome), resulting in a sense of anxiety, mood, heightened emotional susceptibility. The following results have also been got:-the fall of General energy potential – 14 pers. -Psychosomatic and psycho vegetative syndrome – 26 pers. -emotional deficit-34 pers. -emotional Burnout Syndrome-6 pers. The problem of professional Burnout of teachers in the current conditions should become not only meaningful, but particularly relevant. The quality of education of the younger generation depends on professional development; teachers- training level, and how “healthy" teachers are. That is why the systematic maintenance of pedagogic-professional development for teachers (including disclosure of professional Burnout Syndrome factors) takes on a special meaning.
Abstract: Nowadays there is a growing interest in biofuel production in most countries because of the increasing concerns about hydrocarbon fuel shortage and global climate changes, also for enhancing agricultural economy and producing local needs for transportation fuel. Ethanol can be produced from biomass by the hydrolysis and sugar fermentation processes. In this study ethanol was produced without using expensive commercial enzymes from sugarcane bagasse. Alkali pretreatment was used to prepare biomass before enzymatic hydrolysis. The comparison between NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 shows NaOH is more effective on bagasse. The required enzymes for biomass hydrolysis were produced from sugarcane solid state fermentation via two fungi: Trichoderma longibrachiatum and Aspergillus niger. The results show that the produced enzyme solution via A. niger has functioned better than T. longibrachiatum. Ethanol was produced by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) with crude enzyme solution from T. longibrachiatum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. To evaluate this procedure, SSF of pretreated bagasse was also done using Celluclast 1.5L by Novozymes. The yield of ethanol production by commercial enzyme and produced enzyme solution via T. longibrachiatum was 81% and 50% respectively.
Abstract: Metal matrix composites (MMC) are generating
extensive interest in diverse fields like defense, aerospace, electronics
and automotive industries. In this present investigation, material
removal rate (MRR) modeling has been carried out using an
axisymmetric model of Al-SiC composite during electrical discharge
machining (EDM). A FEA model of single spark EDM was
developed to calculate the temperature distribution.Further, single
spark model was extended to simulate the second discharge. For
multi-discharge machining material removal was calculated by
calculating the number of pulses. Validation of model has been done
by comparing the experimental results obtained under the same
process parameters with the analytical results. A good agreement was
found between the experimental results and the theoretical value.
Abstract: This paper introduces a low cost INS/GPS algorithm for
land vehicle navigation application. The data fusion process is done
with an extended Kalman filter in cascade configuration mode. In
order to perform numerical simulations, MATLAB software has been
developed. Loosely coupled configuration is considered. The results
obtained in this work demonstrate that a low-cost INS/GPS navigation
system is partially capable of meeting the performance requirements
for land vehicle navigation. The relative effectiveness of the kalman
filter implementation in integrated GPS/INS navigation algorithm is
highlighted. The paper also provides experimental results; field test
using a car is carried out.
Abstract: Food control measures are critical in fostering food safety management of a nation. However, no academic study has been undertaken to assess the food control system of Myanmar up to now. The objective of this research paper was to assess the food control system with in depth examination of five key components using desktop analysis and short survey from related food safety program organizations including regulators and inspectors. Study showed that the existing food control system is conventional, mainly focusing on primary health care approach while relying on reactive measures. The achievements of food control work have been limited to a certain extent due to insufficienttechnical capacity that is needed to upgrade staffs, laboratory equipment and technical assistance etc. associated with various sectors. Assessing food control measures is the first step in the integration of food safety management, this paper could assist policy makers in providing information for enhancing the safety and quality of food produced and consumed in Myanmar.
Abstract: Graph transformation has recently become more and
more popular as a general visual modeling language to formally state
the dynamic semantics of the designed models. Especially, it is a
very natural formalism for languages which basically are graph (e.g.
UML). Using this technique, we present a highly understandable yet
precise approach to formally model and analyze the behavioral
semantics of UML 2.0 Activity diagrams. In our proposal, AGG is
used to design Activities, then using our previous approach to model
checking graph transformation systems, designers can verify and
analyze designed Activity diagrams by checking the interesting
properties as combination of graph rules and LTL (Linear Temporal
Logic) formulas on the Activities.