Abstract: In India, the quarrel between the budding human
populace and the planet-s unchanging supply of freshwater and
falling water tables has strained attention the reuse of gray water as
an alternative water resource in rural development. This paper
present the finest design of laboratory scale gray water treatment
plant, which is a combination of natural and physical operations such
as primary settling with cascaded water flow, aeration, agitation and
filtration, hence called as hybrid treatment process. The economical
performance of the plant for treatment of bathrooms, basins and
laundries gray water showed in terms of deduction competency of
water pollutants such as COD (83%), TDS (70%), TSS (83%), total
hardness (50%), oil and grease (97%), anions (46%) and cations
(49%). Hence, this technology could be a good alternative to treat
gray water in residential rural area.
Abstract: This paper applies Bayesian Networks to support
information extraction from unstructured, ungrammatical, and
incoherent data sources for semantic annotation. A tool has been
developed that combines ontologies, machine learning, and
information extraction and probabilistic reasoning techniques to
support the extraction process. Data acquisition is performed with the
aid of knowledge specified in the form of ontology. Due to the
variable size of information available on different data sources, it is
often the case that the extracted data contains missing values for
certain variables of interest. It is desirable in such situations to
predict the missing values. The methodology, presented in this paper,
first learns a Bayesian network from the training data and then uses it
to predict missing data and to resolve conflicts. Experiments have
been conducted to analyze the performance of the presented
methodology. The results look promising as the methodology
achieves high degree of precision and recall for information
extraction and reasonably good accuracy for predicting missing
values.
Abstract: This study is concerned with a new adaptive impedance control strategy to compensate for unknown time-varying environment stiffness and position. The uncertainties are expressed by Function Approximation Technique (FAT), which allows the update laws to be derived easily using Lyapunov stability theory. Computer simulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
Abstract: Recently, many existing partially blind signature scheme based on a single hard problem such as factoring, discrete logarithm, residuosity or elliptic curve discrete logarithm problems. However sooner or later these systems will become broken and vulnerable, if the factoring or discrete logarithms problems are cracked. This paper proposes a secured partially blind signature scheme based on factoring (FAC) problem and elliptic curve discrete logarithms (ECDL) problem. As the proposed scheme is focused on factoring and ECDLP hard problems, it has a solid structure and will totally leave the intruder bemused because it is very unlikely to solve the two hard problems simultaneously. In order to assess the security level of the proposed scheme a performance analysis has been conducted. Results have proved that the proposed scheme effectively deals with the partial blindness, randomization, unlinkability and unforgeability properties. Apart from this we have also investigated the computation cost of the proposed scheme. The new proposed scheme is robust and it is difficult for the malevolent attacks to break our scheme.
Abstract: The join dependency provides the basis for obtaining
lossless join decomposition in a classical relational schema. The
existence of Join dependency shows that that the tables always
represent the correct data after being joined. Since the classical
relational databases cannot handle imprecise data, they were
extended to fuzzy relational databases so that uncertain, ambiguous,
imprecise and partially known information can also be stored in
databases in a formal way. However like classical databases, the
fuzzy relational databases also undergoes decomposition during
normalization, the issue of joining the decomposed fuzzy relations
remains intact. Our effort in the present paper is to emphasize on this
issue. In this paper we define fuzzy join dependency in the
framework of type-1 fuzzy relational databases & type-2 fuzzy
relational databases using the concept of fuzzy equality which is
defined using fuzzy functions. We use the fuzzy equi-join operator
for computing the fuzzy equality of two attribute values. We also
discuss the dependency preservation property on execution of this
fuzzy equi- join and derive the necessary condition for the fuzzy
functional dependencies to be preserved on joining the decomposed
fuzzy relations. We also derive the conditions for fuzzy join
dependency to exist in context of both type-1 and type-2 fuzzy
relational databases. We find that unlike the classical relational
databases even the existence of a trivial join dependency does not
ensure lossless join decomposition in type-2 fuzzy relational
databases. Finally we derive the conditions for the fuzzy equality to
be non zero and the qualification of an attribute for fuzzy key.
Abstract: The use of renewable energy sources becomes more
necessary and interesting. As wider applications of renewable energy
devices at domestic, commercial and industrial levels has not only
resulted in greater awareness, but also significantly installed
capacities. In addition, biomass principally is in the form of woods,
which is a form of energy by humans for a long time. Gasification is
a process of conversion of solid carbonaceous fuel into combustible
gas by partial combustion. Many gasifier models have various
operating conditions; the parameters kept in each model are different.
This study applied experimental data, which has three inputs, which
are; biomass consumption, temperature at combustion zone and ash
discharge rate. One output is gas flow rate. For this paper, neural
network was used to identify the gasifier system suitable for the
experimental data. In the result,neural networkis usable to attain the
answer.
Abstract: It is a one-sided hypothesis testing process for assessing bioequivalence. Bootstrap and modified large-sample(MLS) methods are considered to study individual bioequivalence(IBE), type I error and power of hypothesis tests are simulated and compared with FDA(2001). The results show that modified large-sample method is equivalent to the method of FDA(2001) .
Abstract: Xanthan gum is a microbial polysaccharide of great
commercial significance. The purpose of this study was to select the
optimum fermentation time for xanthan gum production by
Xanthomonas campestris (NRRL-B-1459) using 10% sugar beet
molasses as a carbon source. The pre-heating of sugar beet molasses
and the supplementation of the medium were investigated in order to
improve xanthan gum production. Maximum xanthan gum
production in fermentation media (9.02 g/l) was observed after 4 days
shaking incubation at 25°C and 240 rpm agitation speed. A solution
of 10% sucrose was used as a control medium. Results indicated that
the optimum period for xanthan gum production in this condition was
4 days.
Abstract: The ever increasing use of World Wide Web in the
existing network, results in poor performance. Several techniques
have been developed for reducing web traffic by compressing the size
of the file, saving the web pages at the client side, changing the burst
nature of traffic into constant rate etc. No single method was
adequate enough to access the document instantly through the
Internet. In this paper, adaptive hybrid algorithms are developed for
reducing web traffic. Intelligent agents are used for monitoring the
web traffic. Depending upon the bandwidth usage, user-s preferences,
server and browser capabilities, intelligent agents use the best
techniques to achieve maximum traffic reduction. Web caching,
compression, filtering, optimization of HTML tags, and traffic
dispersion are incorporated into this adaptive selection. Using this
new hybrid technique, latency is reduced to 20 – 60 % and cache hit
ratio is increased 40 – 82 %.
Abstract: In this investigation Salicylic acid, Sulfosalicylic acid
and Acetyl salicylic acid were chosen as a sample for thin layer
chromatography (TLC) on silica gel plates. Bicarbonate buffer at
different pH containing different amounts of boric acid was applied
as mobile phase. Specific interaction of these substances with boric
acid has effect on Rf in thin layer chromatography. Regular and
similar trend was observed in variations of Rf for mentioned
compounds in TLC by altering of percentages of boric acid in mobile
phase in pH range of 8-10. Also effect of organic solvent, mixture of
water/ organic solvent and organic solvent containing boric acid as
mobile phase was studied.
Abstract: Aptamers are useful tools in microorganism
researches, diagnoses, and treatment. Aptamers are specific target
molecules formed by oligonucleic acid molecules, and are not
decomposed by alcohol. Aptamers used to detect Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (MTB) have been proved to have specific affinity to the
outer membrane proteins of MTB. This article presents a biosensor
chip set with aptamers for early detection of MTB with high specificity
and sensitivity, even in very low concentration. Meanwhile, we have
already made a modified hydrophobic facial mask module with
internal rendering hydrophobic for effectively collecting M.
tuberculosis.
Abstract: Load forecasting has always been the essential part of
an efficient power system operation and planning. A novel approach
based on support vector machines is proposed in this paper for annual
power load forecasting. Different kernel functions are selected to
construct a combinatorial algorithm. The performance of the new
model is evaluated with a real-world dataset, and compared with two
neural networks and some traditional forecasting techniques. The
results show that the proposed method exhibits superior performance.
Abstract: Rice husk is one of the alternative fuels for Thailand because of its high potential and environmental benefits. Nonetheless, the environmental profile of the electricity production from rice husk must be assessed to ensure reduced environmental damage. A 10 MW pilot plant using rice husk as feedstock is the study site. The environmental impacts from rice husk power plant are evaluated by using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. Energy, material and carbon balances have been determined for tracing the system flow. Carbon closure has been used for describing of the net amount of CO2 released from the system in relation to the amount being recycled between the power plant and the CO2 adsorbed by rice husk. The transportation of rice husk to the power plant has significant on global warming, but not on acidification and photo-oxidant formation. The results showed that the impact potentials from rice husk power plant are lesser than the conventional plants for most of the categories considered; except the photo-oxidant formation potential from CO. The high CO from rice husk power plant may be due to low boiler efficiency and high moisture content in rice husk. The performance of the study site can be enhanced by improving the combustion efficiency.
Abstract: This paper presents a new sensor-based online method for generating collision-free near-optimal paths for mobile robots pursuing a moving target amidst dynamic and static obstacles. At each iteration, first the set of all collision-free directions are calculated using velocity vectors of the robot relative to each obstacle and target, forming the Directive Circle (DC), which is a novel concept. Then, a direction close to the shortest path to the target is selected from feasible directions in DC. The DC prevents the robot from being trapped in deadlocks or local minima. It is assumed that the target's velocity is known, while the speeds of dynamic obstacles, as well as the locations of static obstacles, are to be calculated online. Extensive simulations and experimental results demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed method and its success in coping with complex environments and obstacles.
Abstract: A systems approach model for prostate cancer in prostate duct, as a sub-system of the organism is developed. It is accomplished in two steps. First this research work starts with a nonlinear system of coupled Fokker-Plank equations which models continuous process of the system like motion of cells. Then extended to PDEs that include discontinuous processes like cell mutations, proliferation and deaths. The discontinuous processes is modeled by using intensity poisson processes. The model incorporates the features of the prostate duct. The system of PDEs spatial coordinate is along the proximal distal axis. Its parameters depend on features of the prostate duct. The movement of cells is biased towards distal region and mutations of prostate cancer cells is localized in the proximal region. Numerical solutions of the full system of equations are provided, and are exhibit traveling wave fronts phenomena. This motivates the use of the standard transformation to derive a canonically related system of ODEs for traveling wave solutions. The results obtained show persistence of prostate cancer by showing that the non-negative cone for the traveling wave system is time invariant. The traveling waves have a unique global attractor is proved also. Biologically, the global attractor verifies that evolution of prostate cancer stem cells exhibit the avascular tumor growth. These numerical solutions show that altering prostate stem cell movement or mutation of prostate cancer cells lead to avascular tumor. Conclusion with comments on clinical implications of the model is discussed.
Abstract: The term hybrid composite refers to the composite
containing more than one type of fiber material as reinforcing fillers.
It has become attractive structural material due to the ability of
providing better combination of properties with respect to single fiber
containing composite. The eco-friendly nature as well as processing
advantage, light weight and low cost have enhanced the attraction
and interest of natural fiber reinforced composite. The objective of
present research is to study the mechanical properties of jute-coir
fiber reinforced hybrid polypropylene (PP) composite according to
filler loading variation. In the present work composites were
manufactured by using hot press machine at four levels of fiber
loading (5, 10, 15 and 20 wt %). Jute and coir fibers were utilized at a
ratio of (1:1) during composite manufacturing. Tensile, flexural,
impact and hardness tests were conducted for mechanical
characterization. Tensile test of composite showed a decreasing trend
of tensile strength and increasing trend of the Young-s modulus with
increasing fiber content. During flexural, impact and hardness tests,
the flexural strength, flexural modulus, impact strength and hardness
were found to be increased with increasing fiber loading. Based on
the fiber loading used in this study, 20% fiber reinforced composite
resulted the best set of mechanical properties.
Abstract: Goat milk has an hypoallergenic effects, and allergic
diseases related to abnormal of intestinal flora. Probiotic microorganisms
do exert an activity on the immune system in the skin of
the individual.The purpose of this study are to determine the number
of leukocyte and lymphocyte proliferation in rat supplemented with
fermented goat milk (acidophilus milk and kefir) and sensitized with
dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). Female Wistar rats 6-8 weeks olds
were divided into 3 treatment groups. The first group supplemented
goat milk kefir, second group acidophilus goat milk, and third group
as control. During 28-day experiment, on day 15 rat sensitized with
allergen DNCB on the dorsal of the body, and on day 24 was
challenged with DNCB on the ear. Sampling of blood and tissue of
intestinal Peyer'patch (PP) were performed on day 14 (before DNCB
sensitized) and on day 28 (after DNCB sensitized). The results
showed the number of neutrophils in rats supplemented with
acidophilus milk was higher (P
Abstract: Average current analysis checking the impact of
current flow is very important to guarantee the reliability of
semiconductor systems. As semiconductor process technologies
improve, the coupling capacitance often become bigger than self
capacitances. In this paper, we propose an analytic technique for
analyzing average current on interconnects in multi-conductor
structures. The proposed technique has shown to yield the acceptable
errors compared to HSPICE results while providing computational
efficiency.
Abstract: The spiral angle of the elementary cellulose fibril in
the wood cell wall, often called microfibril angle, (MFA). Microfibril
angle in hardwood is one of the key determinants of solid timber
performance due to its strong influence on the stiffness, strength,
shrinkage, swelling, thermal-dynamics mechanical properties and
dimensional stability of wood. Variation of MFA (degree) in the S2
layer of the cell walls among Acacia mangium trees was determined
using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The length and
orientation of the microfibrils of the cell walls in the irradiated
volume of the thin samples are measured using SAXS and optical
microscope for 3D surface measurement. The undetermined
parameters in the analysis are the MFA, (M) and the standard
deviation (σФ) of the intensity distribution arising from the wandering
of the fibril orientation about the mean value. Nine separate pairs of
values are determined for nine different values of the angle of the
incidence of the X-ray beam relative to the normal to the radial
direction in the sample. The results show good agreement. The
curve distribution of scattered intensity for the real cell wall structure
is compared with that calculated with that assembly of rectangular
cells with the same ratio of transverse to radial cell wall length. It is
demonstrated that for β = 45°, the peaks in the curve intensity
distribution for the real and the rectangular cells coincide. If this
peak position is Ф45, then the MFA can be determined from the
relation M = tan-1 (tan Ф45 / cos 45°), which is precise for rectangular
cells. It was found that 92.93% of the variation of MFA can be
attributed to the distance from pith to bark. Here we shall present our
results of the MFA in the cell wall with respect to its shape, structure
and the distance from pith to park as an important fast check and yet
accurate towards the quality of wood, its uses and application.
Abstract: e-Government structures permits the government to operate in a more transparent and accountable manner of which it increases the power of the individual in relation to that of the government. This paper identifies the factors that determine customer-s attitude towards e-Government services using a theoretical model based on the Technology Acceptance Model. Data relating to the constructs were collected from 200 respondents. The research model was tested using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) techniques via the Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS 16) computer software. SEM is a comprehensive approach to testing hypotheses about relations among observed and latent variables. The proposed model fits the data well. The results demonstrated that e- Government services acceptance can be explained in terms of compatibility and attitude towards e-Government services. The setup of the e-Government services will be compatible with the way users work and are more likely to adopt e-Government services owing to their familiarity with the Internet for various official, personal, and recreational uses. In addition, managerial implications for government policy makers, government agencies, and system developers are also discussed.