Abstract: The topic of surface flattening plays a vital role in the field of computer aided design and manufacture. Surface flattening enables the production of 2D patterns and it can be used in design and manufacturing for developing a 3D surface to a 2D platform, especially in fashion design. This study describes surface flattening based on minimum energy methods according to the property of different fabrics. Firstly, through the geometric feature of a 3D surface, the less transformed area can be flattened on a 2D platform by geodesic. Then, strain energy that has accumulated in mesh can be stably released by an approximate implicit method and revised error function. In some cases, cutting mesh to further release the energy is a common way to fix the situation and enhance the accuracy of the surface flattening, and this makes the obtained 2D pattern naturally generate significant cracks. When this methodology is applied to a 3D mannequin constructed with feature lines, it enhances the level of computer-aided fashion design. Besides, when different fabrics are applied to fashion design, it is necessary to revise the shape of a 2D pattern according to the properties of the fabric. With this model, the outline of 2D patterns can be revised by distributing the strain energy with different results according to different fabric properties. Finally, this research uses some common design cases to illustrate and verify the feasibility of this methodology.
Abstract: It-s known that incorporating prior knowledge into support
vector regression (SVR) can help to improve the approximation
performance. Most of researches are concerned with the incorporation
of knowledge in the form of numerical relationships. Little work,
however, has been done to incorporate the prior knowledge on the
structural relationships among the variables (referred as to Structural
Prior Knowledge, SPK). This paper explores the incorporation of SPK
in SVR by constructing appropriate admissible support vector kernel
(SV kernel) based on the properties of reproducing kernel (R.K).
Three-levels specifications of SPK are studied with the corresponding
sub-levels of prior knowledge that can be considered for the method.
These include Hierarchical SPK (HSPK), Interactional SPK (ISPK)
consisting of independence, global and local interaction, Functional
SPK (FSPK) composed of exterior-FSPK and interior-FSPK. A
convenient tool for describing the SPK, namely Description Matrix
of SPK is introduced. Subsequently, a new SVR, namely Motivated
Support Vector Regression (MSVR) whose structure is motivated
in part by SPK, is proposed. Synthetic examples show that it is
possible to incorporate a wide variety of SPK and helpful to improve
the approximation performance in complex cases. The benefits of
MSVR are finally shown on a real-life military application, Air-toground
battle simulation, which shows great potential for MSVR to
the complex military applications.
Abstract: A new chelating resin is prepared by coupling Amberlite XAD-4 with 1-amino-2-naphthole through an azo spacer. The resulting sorbent has been characterized by FT-IR, elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and studied for preconcentrating of Fe (II) using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) for metal monitoring. The optimum pH value for sorption of the iron ions was 6.5. The resin was subjected to evaluation through batch binding of mentioned metal ion. Quantitative desorption occurs instantaneously with 0.5 M HNO3. The sorption capacity was found 4.1 mmol.g-1 of resin for Fe (II) in the aqueous solution. The chelating resin can be reused for 10 cycles of sorption-desorption without any significant change in sorption capacity. A recovery of 97% was obtained the metal ions with 0.5 M HNO3 as eluting agent. The method was applied for metal ions determination from industrial waste water sample.
Abstract: Nanostructured Iron Oxide with different
morphologies of rod-like and granular have been suc-cessfully
prepared via a solid-state reaction in the presence of NaCl, NaBr, NaI
and NaN3, respectively. The added salts not only prevent a drastic
increase in the size of the products but also provide suitable
conditions for the oriented growth of primary nanoparticles. The
formation mechanisms of these materials by solid-state reaction at
ambient temperature are proposed. The photocatalytic experiments
for congo red (CR) have demonstrated that the mixture of α-Fe2O3
and Fe3O4 nanostructures were more efficient than α-Fe2O3
nanostructures.
Abstract: As nanotechnology advances, the use of nanotechnology for medical purposes in the field of nanomedicine seems more promising; the rise of nanorobots for medical diagnostics and treatments could be arriving in the near future. This study proposes a swarm intelligence based control mechanism for swarm nanorobots that operate as artificial platelets to search for wounds. The canonical particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed in this study. A simulation in the circulatory system is constructed and used for demonstrating the movement of nanorobots with essential characteristics to examine the performance of proposed control mechanism. The effects of three nanorobot capabilities including their perception range, maximum velocity and respond time are investigated. The results show that canonical particle swarm optimization can be used to control the early version nanorobots with simple behaviors and actions.
Abstract: Text-based game is supposed to be a low resource
consumption application that delivers good performances when
compared to graphical-intensive type of games. But, nowadays, some
of the online text-based games are not offering performances that are
acceptable to the users. Therefore, an online text-based game called
Star_Quest has been developed in order to analyze its behavior under
different performance measurements. Performance metrics such as
throughput, scalability, response time and page loading time are
captured to yield the performance of the game. The techniques in
performing the load testing are also disclosed to exhibit the viability
of our work. The comparative assessment between the results
obtained and the accepted level of performances are conducted as to
determine the performance level of the game. The study reveals that
the developed game managed to meet all the performance objectives
set forth.
Abstract: A complete spectral representation for the
electromagnetic field of planar multilayered waveguides
inhomogeneously filled with omega media is presented. The problem
of guided electromagnetic propagation is reduced to an eigenvalue
equation related to a 2 ´ 2 matrix differential operator. Using the
concept of adjoint waveguide, general bi-orthogonality relations for
the hybrid modes (either from the discrete or from the continuous
spectrum) are derived. For the special case of homogeneous layers
the linear operator formalism is reduced to a simple 2 ´ 2 coupling
matrix eigenvalue problem. Finally, as an example of application, the
surface and the radiation modes of a grounded omega slab waveguide
are analyzed.
Abstract: PPX(Pretty Printer for XML) is a query language that offers a concise description method of formatting the XML data into HTML. In this paper, we propose a simple specification of formatting method that is a combination description of automatic layout operators and variables in the layout expression of the GENERATE clause of PPX. This method can automatically format irregular XML data included in a part of XML with layout decision rule that is referred to DTD. In the experiment, a quick comparison shows that PPX requires far less description compared to XSLT or XQuery programs doing same tasks.
Abstract: In this study thermodynamic performance analysis of a
combined organic Rankine cycle and ejector refrigeration cycle is
carried out for use of low-grade heat source in the form of sensible
energy. Special attention is paid to the effects of system parameters
including the turbine inlet temperature and turbine inlet pressure on the
characteristics of the system such as ratios of mass flow rate, net work
production, and refrigeration capacity as well as the coefficient of
performance and exergy efficiency of the system. Results show that
for a given source the coefficient of performance increases with
increasing of the turbine inlet pressure. However, the exergy
efficiency has an optimal condition with respect to the turbine inlet
pressure.
Abstract: The present models and simulation algorithms of intracellular stochastic kinetics are usually based on the premise that diffusion is so fast that the concentrations of all the involved species are homogeneous in space. However, recents experimental measurements of intracellular diffusion constants indicate that the assumption of a homogeneous well-stirred cytosol is not necessarily valid even for small prokaryotic cells. In this work a mathematical treatment of diffusion that can be incorporated in a stochastic algorithm simulating the dynamics of a reaction-diffusion system is presented. The movement of a molecule A from a region i to a region j of the space is represented as a first order reaction Ai k- ! Aj , where the rate constant k depends on the diffusion coefficient. The diffusion coefficients are modeled as function of the local concentration of the solutes, their intrinsic viscosities, their frictional coefficients and the temperature of the system. The stochastic time evolution of the system is given by the occurrence of diffusion events and chemical reaction events. At each time step an event (reaction or diffusion) is selected from a probability distribution of waiting times determined by the intrinsic reaction kinetics and diffusion dynamics. To demonstrate the method the simulation results of the reaction-diffusion system of chaperoneassisted protein folding in cytoplasm are shown.
Abstract: Many footbridges have natural frequencies that
coincide with the dominant frequencies of the pedestrian-induced
load and therefore they have a potential to suffer excessive vibrations
under dynamic loads induced by pedestrians. Some of the design
standards introduce load models for pedestrian loads applicable for
simple structures. Load modeling for more complex structures, on the
other hand, is most often left to the designer. The main focus of this
paper is on the human induced forces transmitted to a footbridge and
on the ways these loads can be modeled to be used in the dynamic
design of footbridges. Also design criteria and load models proposed
by widely used standards were introduced and a comparison was
made. The dynamic analysis of the suspension bridge in Kolin in the
Czech Republic was performed on detailed FEM model using the
ANSYS program system. An attempt to model the load imposed by a
single person and a crowd of pedestrians resulted in displacements
and accelerations that are compared with serviceability criteria.
Abstract: In this paper, we generalize several techniques in
developing Fault Tolerant Software. We introduce property
“Correctness" in evaluating N-version Systems and compare it to
some commonly used properties such as reliability or availability.
We also find out the relation between this property and the number of
versions of system. Our experiments to verify the correctness and the
applicability of the relation are also presented.
Abstract: Sputum smear conversion after one month of antituberculosis
therapy in new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis
patients (PTB+) is a vital indicator towards treatment success. The
objective of this study is to determine the rate of sputum smear
conversion in new PTB+ patients after one month under treatment of
National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital (NIDCH).
Analysis of sputum smear conversion was done by re-clinical
examination with sputum smear microscopic test after one month.
Socio-demographic and hematological parameters were evaluated to
perceive the correlation with the disease status. Among all enrolled
patients only 33.33% were available for follow up diagnosis and of
them only 42.86% patients turned to smear negative. Probably this
consequence is due to non-coherence to the proper disease
management. 66.67% and 78.78% patients reported low haemoglobin
and packed cell volume level respectively whereas 80% and 93.33%
patients accounted accelerated platelet count and erythrocyte
sedimentation rate correspondingly.
Abstract: Chemically defined Schlegel-s medium was modified
to improve production of cell growth and other metabolites that are
produced by fluorescent pseudomonad R62 strain. The modified
medium does not require pH control as pH changes are kept within ±
0.2 units of the initial pH 7.1 during fermentation. The siderophore
production was optimized for the fluorescent pseudomonad strain in
the modified medium containing 1% glycerol as a major carbon
source supplemented with 0.05% succinic acid and 0.5% Ltryptophan.
Indole-3 acetic acid (IAA) production was higher when
L-tryptophan was used at 0.5%. The 2,4- diacetylphloroglucinol
(DAPG) was higher with amended three trace elements in medium.
The optimized medium produced 2.28 g/l of dry cell mass and 900
mg/l of siderophore at the end of 36 h cultivation, while the
production levels of IAA and DAPG were 65 mg/l and 81 mg/l
respectively at the end of 48 h cultivation.
Abstract: This article outlines conceptualization and
implementation of an intelligent system capable of extracting
knowledge from databases. Use of hybridized features of both the
Rough and Fuzzy Set theory render the developed system flexibility
in dealing with discreet as well as continuous datasets. A raw data set
provided to the system, is initially transformed in a computer legible
format followed by pruning of the data set. The refined data set is
then processed through various Rough Set operators which enable
discovery of parameter relationships and interdependencies. The
discovered knowledge is automatically transformed into a rule base
expressed in Fuzzy terms. Two exemplary cancer repository datasets
(for Breast and Lung Cancer) have been used to test and implement
the proposed framework.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is i) to investigate the driving factors and barriers of the adoption of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Halal logistic and ii) to develop an ICT adoption framework for Halal logistic service provider. The Halal LSPs selected for the study currently used ICT service platforms, such as accounting and management system for Halal logistic business. The study categorizes the factors influencing the adoption decision and process by LSPs into four groups: technology related factors, organizational and environmental factors, Halal assurance related factors, and government related factors. The major contribution in this study is the discovery that technology related factors (ICT compatibility with Halal requirement) and Halal assurance related factors are the most crucial factors among the Halal LSPs applying ICT for Halal control in transportation-s operation. Among the government related factors, ICT requirement for monitoring Halal included in Halal Logistic Standard on Transportation (MS2400:2010) are the most influencing factors in the adoption of ICT with the support of the government. In addition, the government related factors are very important in the reducing the main barriers and the creation of the atmosphere of ICT adoption in Halal LSP sector.
Abstract: Camera calibration is an indispensable step for augmented
reality or image guided applications where quantitative information
should be derived from the images. Usually, a camera
calibration is obtained by taking images of a special calibration object
and extracting the image coordinates of projected calibration marks
enabling the calculation of the projection from the 3d world coordinates
to the 2d image coordinates. Thus such a procedure exhibits
typical steps, including feature point localization in the acquired
images, camera model fitting, correction of distortion introduced by
the optics and finally an optimization of the model-s parameters. In
this paper we propose to extend this list by further step concerning
the identification of the optimal subset of images yielding the smallest
overall calibration error. For this, we present a Monte Carlo based
algorithm along with a deterministic extension that automatically
determines the images yielding an optimal calibration. Finally, we
present results proving that the calibration can be significantly
improved by automated image selection.
Abstract: Evolutionary Algorithms are population-based,
stochastic search techniques, widely used as efficient global
optimizers. However, many real life optimization problems often
require finding optimal solution to complex high dimensional,
multimodal problems involving computationally very expensive
fitness function evaluations. Use of evolutionary algorithms in such
problem domains is thus practically prohibitive. An attractive
alternative is to build meta models or use an approximation of the
actual fitness functions to be evaluated. These meta models are order
of magnitude cheaper to evaluate compared to the actual function
evaluation. Many regression and interpolation tools are available to
build such meta models. This paper briefly discusses the
architectures and use of such meta-modeling tools in an evolutionary
optimization context. We further present two evolutionary algorithm
frameworks which involve use of meta models for fitness function
evaluation. The first framework, namely the Dynamic Approximate
Fitness based Hybrid EA (DAFHEA) model [14] reduces
computation time by controlled use of meta-models (in this case
approximate model generated by Support Vector Machine
regression) to partially replace the actual function evaluation by
approximate function evaluation. However, the underlying
assumption in DAFHEA is that the training samples for the metamodel
are generated from a single uniform model. This does not take
into account uncertain scenarios involving noisy fitness functions.
The second model, DAFHEA-II, an enhanced version of the original
DAFHEA framework, incorporates a multiple-model based learning
approach for the support vector machine approximator to handle
noisy functions [15]. Empirical results obtained by evaluating the
frameworks using several benchmark functions demonstrate their
efficiency
Abstract: In this investigation, types of commercial and special
polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers contain sodium 2-methyl-2-
acrylamidopropane sulfonate (SAMPS) and itaconic acid (IA)
comonomers were studied by fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)
spectroscopy. The study of FT-IR spectra of PAN fibers samples
with different comonomers shows that during stabilization of PAN
fibers, the peaks related to C≡N bonds and CH2 are reduced sharply.
These reductions are related to cyclization of nitrile groups and
stabilization procedure. This reduction in PAN fibers contain IA
comonomer is very intense in comparison with PAN fibers contain
SAMPS comonomer. This fact indicates the cycling and stabilization
for sample contain IA comonomer have been conducted more
completely. Therefore the carbon fibers produced from this material
have higher tensile strength due to suitable stabilization.
Abstract: The conjugate gradient optimization algorithm
usually used for nonlinear least squares is presented and is
combined with the modified back propagation algorithm yielding
a new fast training multilayer perceptron (MLP) algorithm
(CGFR/AG). The approaches presented in the paper consist of
three steps: (1) Modification on standard back propagation
algorithm by introducing gain variation term of the activation
function, (2) Calculating the gradient descent on error with
respect to the weights and gains values and (3) the determination
of the new search direction by exploiting the information
calculated by gradient descent in step (2) as well as the previous
search direction. The proposed method improved the training
efficiency of back propagation algorithm by adaptively modifying
the initial search direction. Performance of the proposed method
is demonstrated by comparing to the conjugate gradient algorithm
from neural network toolbox for the chosen benchmark. The
results show that the number of iterations required by the
proposed method to converge is less than 20% of what is required
by the standard conjugate gradient and neural network toolbox
algorithm.