Abstract: The adaptive power control of Code Division Multiple
Access (CDMA) communications using Remote Radio Head
(RRH) between multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) with
a link-budget based Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR) estimate is
applied to four inner loop power control algorithms. It is concluded
that Base Station (BS) can calculate not only UAV distance using
linearity between speed and Consecutive Transmit-Power-Control
Ratio (CTR) of Adaptive Step-size Closed Loop Power Control (ASCLPC),
Consecutive TPC Ratio Step-size Closed Loop Power Control
(CS-CLPC), Fixed Step-size Power Control (FSPC), but also UAV
position with Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) ratio of
RRHs.
Abstract: In article the data of pre-clinical researches of Ramon
preparation is described. Antitumor activity of Ramon has been
studied on 19 strains of transplantated tumors of different
hystogenesis.
Abstract: This paper investigates experimental studies on
vibration suppression for a cantilever beam using an
Electro-Rheological (ER) sandwich shock absorber. ER fluid (ERF) is a
class of smart materials that can undergo significant reversible changes
immediately in its rheological and mechanical properties under the
influence of an applied electric field. Firstly, an ER sandwich beam is
fabricated by inserting a starch-based ERF into a hollow composite
beam. At the same time, experimental investigations are focused on the
frequency response of the ERF sandwich beam. Second, the ERF
sandwich beam is attached to a cantilever beam to become as a shock
absorber. Finally, a fuzzy semi-active vibration control is designed to
suppress the vibration of the cantilever beam via the ERF sandwich
shock absorber. To check the consistency of the proposed fuzzy
controller, the real-time implementation validated the performance of
the controller.
Abstract: This paper studies mixed-mode fracture mechanics in
rock based on experimental and numerical analyses. Experiments
were performed on sharp-cracked specimens using the modified
Arcan specimen test loading device. The modified Arcan specimen
test was, in association with a special loading device, an appropriate
apparatus for experimental mixed-mode fracture analysis. By
varying the loading angle from 0° to 90°, pure mode-I, pure mode-II
and a wide range of mixed-mode data were obtained experimentally.
Using the finite element results, correction factors applied to the
rectangular fracture specimen. By employing experimentally
measured critical loads and the aid of the finite element method,
mixed-mode fracture toughness for the limestone under consideration
determined.
Abstract: The Long-range Energy and Alternatives Planning (LEAP) energy planning system has been developed for South Africa, for the 2005 base year and a limited number of plausible future scenarios that may have significant implications (negative or positive) in terms of environmental impacts. The system quantifies the national energy demand for the domestic, commercial, transport, industry and agriculture sectors, the supply of electricity and liquid fuels, and the resulting emissions. The South African National Energy Research Institute (SANERI) identified the need to develop an environmental assessment tool, based on the LEAP energy planning system, to provide decision-makers and stakeholders with the necessary understanding of the environmental impacts associated with different energy scenarios. A comprehensive analysis of indicators that are used internationally and in South Africa was done and the available data was accessed to select a reasonable number of indicators that could be utilized in energy planning. A consultative process was followed to determine the needs of different stakeholders on the required indicators and also the most suitable form of reporting. This paper demonstrates the application of Energy Environmental Sustainability Indicators (EESIs) as part of the developed tool, which assists with the identification of the environmental consequences of energy generation and use scenarios and thereby promotes sustainability, since environmental considerations can then be integrated into the preparation and adoption of policies, plans, programs and projects. Recommendations are made to refine the tool further for South Africa.
Abstract: Breastfeeding has been receiving much attention of late. Prolonged sitting for breastfeeding often results in back pain of the mothers. This paper reports the findings of a study on the effect of some factors, especially lumbar support, on back pain of breastfeeding mothers. The results showed that the use of lumbar support can reduce back pain of breastfeeding mothers significantly. Back pain was found to increase with breastfeeding time and the rate of increase was lower when lumbar supports were used. When lumbar support thickness was increased gradually from zero (no support) to 11 cm., the degree of low back pain decreased; rapidly at first, then slowly, and leveled off when the thickness reached 9 cm. Younger mothers were less prone to back pain than older mothers. The implications of the findings are discussed.
Abstract: This paper presents a integer frequency offset (IFO)
estimation scheme for the 3GPP long term evolution (LTE) downlink
system. Firstly, the conventional joint detection method for IFO and
sector cell index (CID) information is introduced. Secondly, an IFO
estimation without explicit sector CID information is proposed, which
can operate jointly with the proposed IFO estimation and reduce
the time delay in comparison with the conventional joint method.
Also, the proposed method is computationally efficient and has almost
similar performance in comparison with the conventional method over
the Pedestrian and Vehicular channel models.
Abstract: In many applications, data is in graph structure, which
can be naturally represented as graph-structured XML. Existing
queries defined on tree-structured and graph-structured XML data
mainly focus on subgraph matching, which can not cover all the
requirements of querying on graph. In this paper, a new kind of
queries, topological query on graph-structured XML is presented.
This kind of queries consider not only the structure of subgraph but
also the topological relationship between subgraphs. With existing
subgraph query processing algorithms, efficient algorithms for topological
query processing are designed. Experimental results show the
efficiency of implementation algorithms.
Abstract: Petrol Fuel Station (PFS) has potential hazards to the
people, asset, environment and reputation of an operating company.
Fire hazards, static electricity air pollution evoked by aliphatic and
aromatic organic compounds are major causes of accident/incident
occurrence at fuel station. Activities such as carelessness,
maintenance, housekeeping, slips trips and falls, transportation
hazard, major and minor injuries, robbery and snake bites has a
potential to create unsafe conditions. The level of risk of these
hazards varies according to location and country. The emphasis on
safety considerations by the government is variable all around the
world. Developed countries safety records are much better as
compared to developing countries safety statistics. There is no
significant approach available to highlight the unsafe acts and unsafe
conditions during operation and maintenance of fuel station. Fuel
station is the most commonly available facilities that contain
flammable and hazardous materials. Due to continuous operation of
fuel station they pose various hazards to people, environment and
assets of an organization. To control these hazards, there is a need for
specific approach. PFS operation is unique as compared to other
businesses. For smooth operations it demands an involvement of
operating company, contractor and operator group. This study will
focus to address hazard contributing factors that have a potential to
make PFS operation risky. One year data collected, 902 activities
analyzed, comparisons were made to highlight significant
contributing factors. The study will provide help and assistance to
PFS outlet marketing companies to make their fuel station operation
safer. It will help health safety and environment (HSE) professionals
to arrest the gap available related to safety matters at PFS.
Abstract: The validity of Herzberg-s Two-Factor Theory of
Motivation was tested empirically by surveying 2372 chemical fiber
employees in 2012. In the valid sample of 1875 respondents, the
degree of overall job satisfaction was more than moderate. The most
highly valued components of job satisfaction were: “corporate image,"
“collaborative working atmosphere," and “supervisor-s expertise";
whereas the lowest mean score was 34.65 for “job rotation and
promotion." The top three job retention options rated by the
participants were “good image of the enterprise," “good
compensation," and “workplace is close to my residence." The overall
evaluation of the level of thriving facilitation workplace reached
almost to “mostly agree." For those participants who chose at least
one motivator as their job retention options had significantly greater
job satisfaction than those who chose only hygiene factors as their
retention options. Therefore, Herzberg-s Two-Factor Theory of
Motivation was proven valid in this study.
Abstract: In the numerical solution of the forward dynamics of a
multibody system, the positions and velocities of the bodies in the
system are obtained first. With the information of the system state
variables at each time step, the internal and external forces acting on
the system are obtained by appropriate contact force models if the
continuous contact method is used instead of a discrete contact
method. The local deformation of the bodies in contact, represented
by penetration, is used to compute the contact force. The ability and
suitability with current cylindrical contact force models to describe
the contact between bodies with cylindrical geometries with
particular focus on internal contacting geometries involving low
clearances and high loads simultaneously is discussed in this paper.
A comparative assessment of the performance of each model under
analysis for different contact conditions, in particular for very
different penetration and clearance values, is presented. It is
demonstrated that some models represent a rough approximation to
describe the conformal contact between cylindrical geometries
because contact forces are underestimated.
Abstract: The present study is concerned with effect of exciting
boundary layer on increase in heat transfer from flat surfaces. As any
increase in heat transfer between a fluid inside a face and another one
outside of it can cause an increase in some equipment's efficiency, so
at this present we have tried to increase the wall's heat transfer
coefficient by exciting the fluid boundary layer. By a collision
between flow and the placed block at the fluid way, the flow pattern
and the boundary layer stability will change. The flow way inside the
channel is simulated as a 2&3-dimensional channel by Gambit
TM
software.
With studying the achieved results by this simulation for the flow
way inside the channel with a block coordinating with Fluent
TM
software, it's determined that the figure and dimensions of the exciter
are too important for exciting the boundary layer so that any increase
in block dimensions in vertical side against the flow and any
reduction in its dimensions at the flow side can increase the average
heat transfer coefficient from flat surface and increase the flow
pressure loss. Using 2&3-dimensional analysis on exciting the flow at
the flow way inside a channel by cylindrical block at the same time
with the external flow, we came to this conclusion that the heat flux
transferred from the surface, is increased considerably in terms of the
condition without excitation. Also, the k-e turbulence model is used.
Abstract: Nowadays scientific data is inevitably digital and
stored in a wide variety of formats in heterogeneous systems.
Scientists need to access an integrated view of remote or local
heterogeneous data sources with advanced data accessing, analyzing,
and visualization tools. This research suggests the use of Service
Oriented Architecture (SOA) to integrate biological data from
different data sources. This work shows SOA will solve the problems
that facing integration process and if the biologist scientists can
access the biological data in easier way. There are several methods to
implement SOA but web service is the most popular method. The
Microsoft .Net Framework used to implement proposed architecture.
Abstract: In this paper, a new learning approach for network
intrusion detection using naïve Bayesian classifier and ID3 algorithm
is presented, which identifies effective attributes from the training
dataset, calculates the conditional probabilities for the best attribute
values, and then correctly classifies all the examples of training and
testing dataset. Most of the current intrusion detection datasets are
dynamic, complex and contain large number of attributes. Some of
the attributes may be redundant or contribute little for detection
making. It has been successfully tested that significant attribute
selection is important to design a real world intrusion detection
systems (IDS). The purpose of this study is to identify effective
attributes from the training dataset to build a classifier for network
intrusion detection using data mining algorithms. The experimental
results on KDD99 benchmark intrusion detection dataset demonstrate
that this new approach achieves high classification rates and reduce
false positives using limited computational resources.
Abstract: Most simple nonlinear thresholding rules for
wavelet- based denoising assume that the wavelet coefficients are independent. However, wavelet coefficients of natural images have significant dependencies. This paper attempts to give a recipe for selecting one of the popular image-denoising algorithms based
on VisuShrink, SureShrink, OracleShrink, BayesShrink and BiShrink and also this paper compares different Bivariate models used for image denoising applications. The first part of the paper
compares different Shrinkage functions used for image-denoising.
The second part of the paper compares different bivariate models
and the third part of this paper uses the Bivariate model with modified marginal variance which is based on Laplacian assumption. This paper gives an experimental comparison on six 512x512 commonly used images, Lenna, Barbara, Goldhill,
Clown, Boat and Stonehenge. The following noise powers 25dB,26dB, 27dB, 28dB and 29dB are added to the six standard images and the corresponding Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) values
are calculated for each noise level.
Abstract: One of the popular methods for recognition of facial
expressions such as happiness, sadness and surprise is based on
deformation of facial features. Motion vectors which show these
deformations can be specified by the optical flow. In this method, for
detecting emotions, the resulted set of motion vectors are compared
with standard deformation template that caused by facial expressions.
In this paper, a new method is introduced to compute the quantity of
likeness in order to make decision based on the importance of
obtained vectors from an optical flow approach. For finding the
vectors, one of the efficient optical flow method developed by
Gautama and VanHulle[17] is used. The suggested method has been
examined over Cohn-Kanade AU-Coded Facial Expression Database,
one of the most comprehensive collections of test images available.
The experimental results show that our method could correctly
recognize the facial expressions in 94% of case studies. The results
also show that only a few number of image frames (three frames) are
sufficient to detect facial expressions with rate of success of about
83.3%. This is a significant improvement over the available methods.
Abstract: Segmentation is an important step in medical image
analysis and classification for radiological evaluation or computer
aided diagnosis. This paper presents the problem of inaccurate lung
segmentation as observed in algorithms presented by researchers
working in the area of medical image analysis. The different lung
segmentation techniques have been tested using the dataset of 19
patients consisting of a total of 917 images. We obtained datasets of
11 patients from Ackron University, USA and of 8 patients from
AGA Khan Medical University, Pakistan. After testing the algorithms
against datasets, the deficiencies of each algorithm have been
highlighted.
Abstract: The numerous qualities of squirrel cage induction
machines enhance their use in industry. However, various faults can
occur, such as stator short-circuits and rotor failures.
In this paper, we use a technique based on the spectral analysis of
stator current in order to detect the fault in the machine: broken rotor
bars. Thus, the number effect of the breaks has been highlighted. The
effect is highlighted by considering the machine controlled by the
Direct Torque Control (DTC). The key to fault detection is the
development of a simplified dynamic model of a squirrel cage
induction motor taking account the broken bars fault and the stator
current spectrum analysis (FFT).
Abstract: Vermiculite was used to develop inorganic
carrier-based formulations of fluorescent pseudomonad strains
R62 and R81. The effect of bio-inoculation of fluorescent
pseudomonad strains R62 and R81 (plant growth promoting
and biocontrol agent) on growth responses of Vigna-mungo
under field condition was enumerated. The combined bioinoculation
of these two organisms in a formuation increased
the pods yield by 300% in comparison to the control crop.
There was also significant increment in the other plant growth
responses such as dry root weight, dry shoot weight, shoot
length and number of branches per plant.
Abstract: This paper explores steady-state characteristics of
grid-connected doubly fed induction motor (DFIM) in case of unity
power factor operation. Based on the synchronized mathematical
model, analytic determination of the control laws is presented and
illustrated by various figures to understand the effect of the applied
rotor voltage on the speed and the active power. On other hand,
unlike previous works where the stator resistance was neglected, in
this work, stator resistance is included such that the equations can be
applied to small wind turbine generators which are becoming more
popular. Finally the work is crowned by integration of the studied
induction generator in a wind system where an open loop control is
proposed confers a remarkable simplicity of implementation
compared to the known methods.