Abstract: Building Sector is the major electricity consumer and
it is costly to building owners. Therefore the application of thermal
energy storage (TES) has gained attractive to reduce energy cost.
Many attractive tariff packages are being offered by the electricity
provider to promote TES. The tariff packages offered higher cost of
electricity during peak period and lower cost of electricity during off
peak period. This paper presented the return of initial investment by
implementing a centralized air-conditioning plant integrated with
thermal energy storage with partially operation strategies. Building
load profile will be calculated hourly according to building
specification and building usage trend. TES operation conditions will
be designed according to building load demand profile, storage
capacity, tariff packages and peak/off peak period. The Payback
Period analysis method was used to evaluate economic analysis. The
investment is considered a good investment where by the initial cost
is recovered less than ten than seven years.
Abstract: This paper may be considered as combination of both pervasive computing and Differential GPS (global positioning satellite) which relates to control automatic traffic signals in such a
way as to pre-empt normal signal operation and permit lifesaving vehicles. Before knowing the arrival of the lifesaving vehicles from
the signal there is a chance of clearing the traffic. Traffic signal
preemption system includes a vehicle equipped with onboard computer system capable of capturing diagnostic information and
estimated location of the lifesaving vehicle using the information provided by GPS receiver connected to the onboard computer system
and transmitting the information-s using a wireless transmitter via a
wireless network. The fleet management system connected to a
wireless receiver is capable of receiving the information transmitted
by the lifesaving vehicle .A computer is also located at the
intersection uses corrected vehicle position, speed & direction
measurements, in conjunction with previously recorded data defining
approach routes to the intersection, to determine the optimum time to
switch a traffic light controller to preemption mode so that lifesaving
vehicles can pass safely. In case when the ambulance need to take a
“U" turn in a heavy traffic area we suggest a solution. Now we are
going to make use of computerized median which uses LINKED
BLOCKS (removable) to solve the above problem.
Abstract: The drug discovery process starts with protein
identification because proteins are responsible for many functions
required for maintenance of life. Protein identification further needs
determination of protein function. Proposed method develops a
classifier for human protein function prediction. The model uses
decision tree for classification process. The protein function is
predicted on the basis of matched sequence derived features per each
protein function. The research work includes the development of a
tool which determines sequence derived features by analyzing
different parameters. The other sequence derived features are
determined using various web based tools.
Abstract: The Globally Asynchronous Locally Synchronous Network on Chip (GALS NoC) is the most efficient solution that provides low latency transfers and power efficient System on Chip (SoC) interconnect. This study presents a GALS and generic NoC architecture based on a configurable router. This router integrates a sophisticated dynamic arbiter, the wormhole routing technique and can be configured in a manner that allows it to be used in many possible NoC topologies such as Mesh 2-D, Tree and Polygon architectures. This makes it possible to improve the quality of service (QoS) required by the proposed NoC. A comparative performances study of the proposed NoC architecture, Tore architecture and of the most used Mesh 2D architecture is performed. This study shows that Spidergon architecture is characterised by the lower latency and the later saturation. It is also shown that no matter what the number of used links is raised; the Links×Diameter product permitted by the Spidergon architecture remains always the lower. The only limitation of this architecture comes from it-s over cost in term of silicon area.
Abstract: Despite the internet, which is one of the mass media
that has become quite common in recent years, the relationship of
Advertisement with Television and Cinema, which have always
drawn attention of researchers as basic media and where visual use is
in the foreground, have also become the subject of various studies.
Based on the assumption that the known fundamental effects of
advertisements on consumers are closely related to the creative
process of advertisements as well as the nature and characteristics of
the medium where they are used, these basic mass media (Television
and Cinema) and the consumer motivations of the advertisements
they broadcast have become a focus of study.
Given that the viewers of the mass media in question have shifted
from a passive position to a more active one especially in recent years
and approach contents of advertisements, as they do all contents, in a
more critical and “pitiless" manner, it is possible to say that
individuals make more use of advertisements than in the past and
combine their individual goals with the goals of the advertisements.
This study, which aims at finding out what the goals of these new
individual advertisement use are, how they are shaped by the distinct
characteristics of Television and Cinema, where visuality takes
precedence as basic mass media, and what kind of places they occupy
in the minds of consumers, has determined consumers- motivations
as: “Entertainment", “Escapism", “Play", “Monitoring/Discovery",
“Opposite Sex" and “Aspirations and Role Models".
This study intends to reveal the differences or similarities among
the needs and hence the gratifications of viewers who consume
advertisements on Television or at the Cinema, which are two basic
media where visuality is prioritized.
Abstract: The present work is motivated by the idea that the
layer deformation in anisotropic elasticity can be estimated from the
theory of interfacial dislocations. In effect, this work which is an
extension of a previous approach given by one of the authors
determines the anisotropic displacement fields and the critical
thickness due to a complex biperiodic network of MDs lying just
below the free surface in view of the arrangement of dislocations.
The elastic fields of such arrangements observed along interfaces
play a crucial part in the improvement of the physical properties of
epitaxial systems. New results are proposed in anisotropic elasticity
for hexagonal networks of MDs which contain intrinsic and extrinsic
stacking faults. We developed, using a previous approach based on
the relative interfacial displacement and a Fourier series formulation
of the displacement fields, the expressions of elastic fields when
there is a possible dissociation of MDs. The numerical investigations
in the case of the observed system Si/(111)Si with low twist angles
show clearly the effect of the anisotropy and thickness when the
misfit networks are dissociated.
Abstract: The boundary layer flow and heat transfer on a
stretched surface moving with prescribed skin friction is studied for
permeable surface. The surface temperature is assumed to vary
inversely with the vertical direction x for n = -1. The skin friction at
the surface scales as (x-1/2) at m = 0. The constants m and n are the
indices of the power law velocity and temperature exponent
respectively. Similarity solutions are obtained for the boundary layer
equations subject to power law temperature and velocity variation.
The effect of various governing parameters, such as the buoyancy
parameter λ and the suction/injection parameter fw for air (Pr = 0.72)
are studied. The choice of n and m ensures that the used similarity
solutions are x independent. The results show that, assisting flow (λ >
0) enhancing the heat transfer coefficient along the surface for any
constant value of fw. Furthermore, injection increases the heat
transfer coefficient but suction reduces it at constant λ.
Abstract: The Bangnanglee Sub-district Administrative Office,
Thailand had initiated a policy to environmental protection with
encouraging household waste management in order to promote civil
responsibility for domestic hygienic. This research studied the
household behaviors on solid waste and wastewater management. A
sample population of 306 families answered a questionnaire. The
study showed that, on average, domestic activities had produced 1.93
kilograms of waste per household per day. It has been found that 79%
of the households made several attempts to reduce their own amount
of waste. 80% of the households stationed their own garbage bins.
71% managed their waste by selling recyclable products. As for the
rest of the waste, 51% burned them, while 29% disposed their waste
in the nearby public trashcans and other 13% have them buried. As
for wastewater, 60% of the households disposed it into the sewage,
whereas 30% disposed them right from their elevated house.
Abstract: Topology Optimization is a defined as the method of
determining optimal distribution of material for the assumed design
space with functionality, loads and boundary conditions [1].
Topology optimization can be used to optimize shape for the
purposes of weight reduction, minimizing material requirements or
selecting cost effective materials [2]. Topology optimization has been
implemented through the use of finite element methods for the
analysis, and optimization techniques based on the method of moving
asymptotes, genetic algorithms, optimality criteria method, level sets
and topological derivatives. Case study of Typical “Fuselage design"
is considered for this paper to explain the benefits of Topology
Optimization in the design cycle. A cylindrical shell is assumed as
the design space and aerospace standard pay loads were applied on
the fuselage with wing attachments as constraints. Then topological
optimization is done using Finite Element (FE) based software. This
optimization results in the structural concept design which satisfies
all the design constraints using minimum material.
Abstract: Some of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
are the strongest known carcinogens compounds; the majority of
them are mostly produced by the incomplete combustion of fossil
fuels; Motor vehicles are a significant source of polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon (PAH) where diesel emission is one of the main sources
of such compounds available in the ambient air. There is a big
concern about the increasing concentration of PAHs in the
environment. Researchers are trying to explore optimal methods to
reduce those pollutants and improve the quality of air. Water blended
fuel is one of the possible approaches to reduce emission of PAHs
from the combustion of diesel in urban and domestic vehicles. In this
work a modeling study was conducted using CHEMKIN-PRO
software to simulate spray combustion at similar diesel engine
conditions. Surrogate fuel of (80 % n-heptane and 20 % toluene) was
used due to detailed kinetic and thermodynamic data needed for
modeling is available for this kind of fuel but not available for diesel.
An emulsified fuel with 3, 5, 8, 10 and 20 % water by volume is used
as an engine feed for this study. The modeling results show that water
has a significant effect on reducing engine soot and PAHs precursors
formation up to certain extent.
Abstract: Mixed model assembly lines (MMAL) are a type of
production line where a variety of product models similar in product
characteristics are assembled. The effective design of these lines
requires that schedule for assembling the different products is
determined. In this paper we tried to fit the sequencing problem with
the main characteristics of make to order (MTO) environment. The
problem solved in this paper is a multiple objective sequencing
problem in mixed model assembly lines sequencing using weighted
Sum Method (WSM) using GAMS software for small problem and
an effective GA for large scale problems because of the nature of
NP-hardness of our problem and vast time consume to find the
optimum solution in large problems. In this problem three practically
important objectives are minimizing: total utility work, keeping a
constant production rate variation, and minimizing earliness and
tardiness cost which consider the priority of each customer and
different due date which is a real situation in mixed model assembly
lines and it is the first time we consider different attribute to
prioritize the customers which help the company to reduce the cost of
earliness and tardiness. This mechanism is a way to apply an advance
available to promise (ATP) in mixed model assembly line sequencing
which is the main contribution of this paper.
Abstract: Study investigates the level and extent of voluntary disclosure practice in Croatia. The research was conducted on the sample of 130 medium and large companies. Findings indicate that two thirds of the companies analyzed disclose below-average number of additional information. The explanatory analyses has shown that firm size, listing status and industrial sector significantly and positively affect the level and extent of voluntary disclosure in the annual report of Croatian companies. On the other hand, profitability and ownership structure were found statistically insignificant. Unlike previous studies, this paper deals with level of voluntary disclosure of medium and large companies, as well as companies whose shares are not listed on the organized capital market, which can be found as our contribution. Also, the research makes contribution by providing the insights into voluntary disclosure practices in Croatia, as a case of macro-oriented accounting system economy, i.e. bank oriented economy with an emerging capital market.
Abstract: Background: Blunt aortic trauma (BAT) includes
various morphological changes that occur during deceleration,
acceleration and/or body compression in traffic accidents. The
various forms of BAT, from limited laceration of the intima to
complete transection of the aorta, depends on the force acting on the
vessel wall and the tolerance of the aorta to injury. The force depends
on the change in velocity, the dynamics of the accident and of the
seating position in the car. Tolerance to aortic injury depends on the
anatomy, histological structure and pathomorphological alterations
due to aging or disease of the aortic wall.
An overview of the literature and medical documentation reveals
that different terms are used to describe certain forms of BAT, which
can lead to misinterpretation of findings or diagnoses. We therefore,
propose a classification that would enable uniform systematic
screening of all forms of BAT. We have classified BAT into three
morphologycal types: TYPE I (intramural), TYPE II (transmural) and
TYPE III (multiple) aortic ruptures with appropriate subtypes.
Methods: All car accident casualties examined at the Institute of
Forensic Medicine from 2001 to 2009 were included in this
retrospective study. Autopsy reports were used to determine the
occurrence of each morphological type of BAT in deceased drivers,
front seat passengers and other passengers in cars and to define the
morphology of BAT in relation to the accident dynamics and the age
of the fatalities.
Results: A total of 391 fatalities in car accidents were included in
the study. TYPE I, TYPE II and TYPE III BAT were observed in
10,9%, 55,6% and 33,5%, respectively. The incidence of BAT in
drivers, front seat and other passengers was 36,7%, 43,1% and
28,6%, respectively. In frontal collisions, the incidence of BAT was
32,7%, in lateral collisions 54,2%, and in other traffic accidents
29,3%. The average age of fatalities with BAT was 42,8 years and of
those without BAT 39,1 years.
Conclusion: Identification and early recognition of the risk factors
of BAT following a traffic accident is crucial for successful treatment
of patients with BAT. Front seat passengers over 50 years of age who
have been injured in a lateral collision are the most at risk of BAT.
Abstract: A brushless DC motor with integrated drive circuit for air management system is presented. Using magnetic equivalent circuit model a basic design of the motor is determined, and specific configurations are inspected thanks to finite element analysis. In order to reduce an unbalanced magnetic force in an axial direction, induced forces between a stator core and a permanent magnet are calculated with respect to the relative positions of them. For the high efficiency, and high power density, BLDC motor and drive are developed. Also vibration mode and eccentricity of a rotor are considered at the rated and maximum rotational speed Through the experimental results, a validity of the simulated one is confirmed.
Abstract: This paper presented a novel combined cycle of air separation and natural gas liquefaction. The idea is that natural gas can be liquefied, meanwhile gaseous or liquid nitrogen and oxygen are produced in one combined cryogenic system. Cycle simulation and exergy analysis were performed to evaluate the process and thereby reveal the influence of the crucial parameter, i.e., flow rate ratio through two stages expanders β on heat transfer temperature difference, its distribution and consequent exergy loss. Composite curves for the combined hot streams (feeding natural gas and recycled nitrogen) and the cold stream showed the degree of optimization available in this process if appropriate β was designed. The results indicated that increasing β reduces temperature difference and exergy loss in heat exchange process. However, the maximum limit value of β should be confined in terms of minimum temperature difference proposed in heat exchanger design standard and heat exchanger size. The optimal βopt under different operation conditions corresponding to the required minimum temperature differences was investigated.
Abstract: These Nowadays the explosion of bombs or explosive
materials such as gas and oil near or inside the buildings cause some
losses in installations and building components. This has made the
engineers to make the buildings and their components resistance
against the effects of explosion. These activities lead to provide
regulations and different methods. The above regulations are mostly
focused on the explosion effects resulting from the vehicles around
the buildings. Therefore, the explosion resulting from the vehicles
outside the buildings will be studied in this research.
In the present study, the main goals are to investigate the
explosion load effects on the structures located on the piles with the
specific quantity of plasticity and observing the permissible response
of these structures. The concentrated mass system and the spring with
two degree of freedom will be used to study the structural system.
Abstract: In this paper we present, propose and examine
additional membership functions for the Smoothing Transition
Autoregressive (STAR) models. More specifically, we present the
tangent hyperbolic, Gaussian and Generalized bell functions.
Because Smoothing Transition Autoregressive (STAR) models
follow fuzzy logic approach, more fuzzy membership functions
should be tested. Furthermore, fuzzy rules can be incorporated or
other training or computational methods can be applied as the error
backpropagation or genetic algorithm instead to nonlinear squares.
We examine two macroeconomic variables of US economy, the
inflation rate and the 6-monthly treasury bills interest rates.
Abstract: Relay based communication has gained considerable importance in the recent years. In this paper we find the end-toend statistics of a two hop non-regenerative relay branch, each hop being Nakagami-m faded. Closed form expressions for the probability density functions of the signal envelope at the output of a selection combiner and a maximal ratio combiner at the destination node are also derived and analytical formulations are verified through computer simulation. These density functions are useful in evaluating the system performance in terms of bit error rate and outage probability.
Abstract: Many states are now committed to implementing
international human rights standards domestically. In terms of
practical governance, how might effectiveness be measured? A facevalue
answer can be found in domestic laws and institutions relating
to human rights. However, this article provides two further tools to
help states assess their status on the spectrum of robust to fragile
human rights governance. The first recognises that each state has its
own 'human rights history' and the ideal end stage is robust human
rights governance, and the second is developing criteria to assess
robustness. Although a New Zealand case study is used to illustrate
these tools, the widespread adoption of human rights standards by
many states inevitably means that the issues are relevant to other
countries. This is even though there will always be varying degrees of
similarity-difference in constitutional background and developed or
emerging human rights systems.
Abstract: This paper proposes a new methodology for the
optimal allocation and sizing of Embedded Generation (EG)
employing Real Coded Genetic Algorithm (RCGA) to minimize the
total power losses and to improve voltage profiles in the radial
distribution networks. RCGA is a method that uses continuous
floating numbers as representation which is different from
conventional binary numbers. The RCGA is used as solution tool,
which can determine the optimal location and size of EG in radial
system simultaneously. This method is developed in MATLAB. The
effect of EG units- installation and their sizing to the distribution
networks are demonstrated using 24 bus system.