Abstract: It is necessary to incorporate technological advances
achieved in the field of engineering into dentistry in order to enhance
the process of diagnosis, treatment planning and enable the doctors to
render better treatment to their patients. To achieve this ultimate goal
long distance collaborations are often necessary. This paper discusses
the various collaborative tools and their applications to solve a few
burning problems confronted by the dentists. Customization is often
the solution to most of the problems. But rapid designing,
development and cost effective manufacturing is a difficult task to
achieve. This problem can be solved using the technique of digital
manufacturing. Cases from 6 major branches of dentistry have been
discussed and possible solutions with the help of state of art
technology using rapid digital manufacturing have been proposed in
the present paper. The paper also entails the usage of existing tools in
collaborative and digital manufacturing area.
Abstract: Main goal of preventive healthcare problems are at
decreasing the likelihood and severity of potentially life-threatening
illnesses by protection and early detection. The levels of
establishment and staffing costs along with summation of the travel
and waiting time that clients spent are considered as objectives
functions of the proposed nonlinear integer programming model. In
this paper, we have proposed a bi-objective mathematical model for
designing a network of preventive healthcare facilities so as to
minimize aforementioned objectives, simultaneously. Moreover, each
facility acts as M/M/1 queuing system. The number of facilities to be
established, the location of each facility, and the level of technology
for each facility to be chosen are provided as the main determinants
of a healthcare facility network. Finally, to demonstrate performance
of the proposed model, four multi-objective decision making
techniques are presented to solve the model.
Abstract: High strength concrete (HSC) provides high strength
but lower ductility than normal strength concrete. This low ductility
limits the benefit of using HSC in building safe structures. On the
other hand, when designing reinforced concrete beams, designers
have to limit the amount of tensile reinforcement to prevent the
brittle failure of concrete. Therefore the full potential of the use of
steel reinforcement can not be achieved. This paper presents the idea
of confining concrete in the compression zone so that the HSC will
be in a state of triaxial compression, which leads to improvements in
strength and ductility. Five beams made of HSC were cast and tested.
The cross section of the beams was 200×300 mm, with a length of 4
m and a clear span of 3.6 m subjected to four-point loading, with
emphasis placed on the midspan deflection. The first beam served as
a reference beam. The remaining beams had different tensile
reinforcement and the confinement shapes were changed to gauge
their effectiveness in improving the strength and ductility of the
beams. The compressive strength of the concrete was 85 MPa and the
tensile strength of the steel was 500 MPa and for the stirrups and
helixes was 250 MPa. Results of testing the five beams proved that
placing helixes with different diameters as a variable parameter in the
compression zone of reinforced concrete beams improve their
strength and ductility.
Abstract: The link between urban planning and design principles and the built environment of an urban renewal area is of interest to the field of urban studies. During the past decade, there has also been increasing interest in urban planning and design; this interest is motivated by the possibility that design policies associated with the built environment can be used to control, manage, and shape individual activity and behavior. However, direct assessments and design techniques of the links between how urban planning design policies influence individuals are still rare in the field. Recent research efforts in urban design have focused on the idea that land use and design policies can be used to increase the quality of design projects for an urban renewal area-s built environment. The development of appropriate design techniques for the built environment is an essential element of this research. Quality function deployment (QFD) is a powerful tool for improving alternative urban design and quality for urban renewal areas, and for procuring a citizen-driven quality system. In this research, we propose an integrated framework based on QFD and an Analytic Network Process (ANP) approach to determine the Alternative Technical Requirements (ATRs) to be considered in designing an urban renewal planning and design alternative. We also identify the research designs and methodologies that can be used to evaluate the performance of urban built environment projects. An application in an urban renewal built environment planning and design project evaluation is presented to illustrate the proposed framework.
Abstract: Sign language is used by the deaf and hard of hearing people for communication. Automatic sign language recognition is a challenging research area since sign language often is the only way of communication for the deaf people. Sign language includes different components of visual actions made by the signer using the hands, the face, and the torso, to convey his/her meaning. To use different aspects of signs, we combine the different groups of features which have been extracted from the image frames recorded directly by a stationary camera. We combine the features in two levels by employing three techniques. At the feature level, an early feature combination can be performed by concatenating and weighting different feature groups, or by concatenating feature groups over time and using LDA to choose the most discriminant elements. At the model level, a late fusion of differently trained models can be carried out by a log-linear model combination. In this paper, we investigate these three combination techniques in an automatic sign language recognition system and show that the recognition rate can be significantly improved.
Abstract: Optimal selection of electrical insulations in electrical
machinery insures reliability during operation. From the insulation
studies of view for electrical machines, stator is the most important
part. This fact reveals the requirement for inspection of the electrical
machine insulation along with the electro-thermal stresses. In the
first step of the study, a part of the whole structure of machine in
which covers the general characteristics of the machine is chosen,
then based on the electromagnetic analysis (finite element method),
the machine operation is simulated. In the simulation results, the
temperature distribution of the total structure is presented
simultaneously by using electro-thermal analysis. The results of
electro-thermal analysis can be used for designing an optimal cooling
system. In order to design, review and comparing the cooling
systems, four wiring structures in the slots of Stator are presented.
The structures are compared to each other in terms of electrical,
thermal distribution and remaining life of insulation by using Finite
Element analysis. According to the steps of the study, an optimization
algorithm has been presented for selection of appropriate structure.
Abstract: Establishing pumping stations is one of the most common ways of providing water from rivers. There are many issues involved in the design and operation of pumping stations most important of which is the problem of sedimentation. One of the significant issues which must be taken into consideration in designing pumping stations is the operation method and technical matters related to it. Safety and convenience of operation is one of the issues that must be always considered by the designer. Some of the major issues in making decisions regarding the type of design for the station are geographical condition, the location of the station and availability of experts in maintenance and operation of the station. Dimensions of the station must allow free movement for checking and operating pumps after installation of pumps and plumbing system.
Abstract: In a bi-fuel diesel engine, the carburetor plays a vital
role in switching from fuel gas to petrol mode operation and viceversa.
The carburetor is the most important part of the fuel system of
a diesel engine. All diesel engines carry variable venturi mixer
carburetors. The basic operation of the carburetor mainly depends on
the restriction barrel called the venturi. When air flows through the
venturi, its speed increases and its pressure decreases. The main
challenge focuses on designing a mixing device which mixes the
supplied gas is the incoming air at an optimum ratio. In order to
surmount the identified problems, the way fuel gas and air flow in
the mixer have to be analyzed. In this case, the Computational Fluid
Dynamics or CFD approach is applied in design of the prototype
mixer. The present work is aimed at further understanding of the air
and fuel flow structure by performing CFD studies using a software
code. In this study for mixing air and gas in the condition that has
been mentioned in continuance, some mixers have been designed.
Then using of computational fluid dynamics, the optimum mixer has
been selected. The results indicated that mixer with 12 holes can
produce a homogenous mixture than those of 8-holes and 6-holes
mixer. Also the result showed that if inlet convergency was smoother
than outlet divergency, the mixture get more homogenous, the reason
of that is in increasing turbulence in outlet divergency.
Abstract: This paper presents the fundamentals of Origami engineering and its application in nowadays as well as future industry. Several main cores of mathematical approaches such as Huzita- Hatori axioms, Maekawa and Kawasaki-s theorems are introduced briefly. Meanwhile flaps and circle packing by Robert Lang is explained to make understood the underlying principles in designing crease pattern. Rigid origami and its corrugation patterns which are potentially applicable for creating transformable or temporary spaces is discussed to show the transition of origami from paper to thick material. Moreover, some innovative applications of origami such as eyeglass, origami stent and high tech origami based on mentioned theories and principles are showcased in section III; while some updated origami technology such as Vacuumatics, self-folding of polymer sheets and programmable matter folding which could greatlyenhance origami structureare demonstrated in Section IV to offer more insight in future origami.
Abstract: This paper presented a proposed design for
transcutaneous inductive powering links. The design used to transfer
power and data to the implanted devices such as implanted
Microsystems to stimulate and monitoring the nerves and muscles.
The system operated with low band frequency 13.56 MHZ according
to industrial- scientific – medical (ISM) band to avoid the tissue
heating. For external part, the modulation index is 13 % and the
modulation rate 7.3% with data rate 1 Mbit/s assuming Tbit=1us. The
system has been designed using 0.35-μm fabricated CMOS
technology. The mathematical model is given and the design is
simulated using OrCAD P Spice 16.2 software tool and for real-time
simulation the electronic workbench MULISIM 11 has been used.
The novel circular plane (pancake) coils was simulated using
ANSOFT- HFss software.
Abstract: Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6) was designed to
support IP micro-mobility management in the Next Generation
Networks (NGN) framework. The main design behind this protocol is
the usage of Mobility Anchor Point (MAP) located at any level router
of network to support hierarchical mobility management. However,
the distance MAP selection in HMIPv6 causes MAP overloaded and
increase frequent binding update as the network grows. Therefore, to
address the issue in designing MAP selection scheme, we propose a
dynamic load control mechanism integrates with a speed detection
mechanism (DMS-DLC). From the experimental results we obtain
that the proposed scheme gives better distribution in MAP load and
increase handover speed.
Abstract: Cyprus- offshore aquaculture industry has promising
prospects taking into account that Cyprus is an island. Its production
trend is increasing overtaking bigger countries such Greece and Italy.
However, current mooring systems seem to be under-performing
acting as obstacles for its future development. Furthermore, shallow
coastal waters scarcity due to competing industries dictates future
development to come by moving further from shore exposing fish
farms and subsequently mooring systems to harsher environmental
loadings. It is, therefore, of paramount importance to design mooring
systems based on engineering and scientific principles and leave
behind the present “trial and error" methods. This paper presents the
current state of Cyprus- offshore aquaculture industry and focuses of
its mooring designs by proposing a new methodology for designing
more reliable systems, hence ensuring its future.
Abstract: Nowadays, manufacturers are facing great challenges
with regard to the production of green products due to the emerging issue of hazardous substance management (HSM). In particular,
environmental legislation pressures have yielded to increased risk,
manufacturing complexity and green components demands. The green principles were expanded to many departments within
organization, including supply chain. Green supply chain
management (GSCM) was emerging in the last few years. This idea
covers every stage in manufacturing from the first to the last stage of
life cycle. From product lifecycle concept, the cycle starts at the design of a product. QFD is a customer-driven product development
tool, considered as a structured management approach for efficiently
translating customer needs into design requirements and parts deployment, as well as manufacturing plans and controls in order to
achieve higher customer satisfaction. This paper develops an Eco-
QFD to provide a framework for designing Eco-mobile phone by integrating the life cycle analysis LCA into QFD throughout the entire product development process.
Abstract: This paper presents a systematic approach for
designing Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) based
supplementary damping controllers for damping low frequency
oscillations in a single-machine infinite-bus power system. The
design problem of the proposed controller is formulated as an
optimization problem and RCGA is employed to search for optimal
controller parameters. By minimizing the time-domain based
objective function, in which the deviation in the oscillatory rotor
speed of the generator is involved; stability performance of the
system is improved. Simulation results are presented and compared
with a conventional method of tuning the damping controller
parameters to show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed
design approach.
Abstract: Designing, implementing, and debugging concurrency
control algorithms in a real system is a complex, tedious, and errorprone
process. Further, understanding concurrency control
algorithms and distributed computations is itself a difficult task.
Visualization can help with both of these problems. Thus, we have
developed an exploratory environment in which people can prototype
and test various versions of concurrency control algorithms, study
and debug distributed computations, and view performance statistics
of distributed systems. In this paper, we describe the exploratory
environment and show how it can be used to explore concurrency
control algorithms for the interactive steering of distributed
computations.
Abstract: Chess is one of the indoor games, which improves the
level of human confidence, concentration, planning skills and
knowledge. The main objective of this paper is to help the chess
players to improve their chess openings using data mining
techniques. Budding Chess Players usually do practices by analyzing
various existing openings. When they analyze and correlate
thousands of openings it becomes tedious and complex for them. The
work done in this paper is to analyze the best lines of Blackmar-
Diemer Gambit(BDG) which opens with White D4... using data
mining analysis. It is carried out on the collection of winning games
by applying association rules. The first step of this analysis is
assigning variables to each different sequence moves. In the second
step, the sequence association rules were generated to calculate
support and confidence factor which help us to find the best
subsequence chess moves that may lead to winning position.
Abstract: In Supply Chain Management (SCM), strengthening partnerships with suppliers is a significant factor for enhancing competitiveness. Hence, firms increasingly emphasize supplier evaluation processes. Supplier evaluation systems are basically developed in terms of criteria such as quality, cost, delivery, and flexibility. Because there are many variables to be analyzed, this process becomes hard to execute and needs expertise. On this account, this study aims to develop an expert system on supplier evaluation process by designing Artificial Neural Network (ANN) that is supported with Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The methods are applied on the data of 24 suppliers, which have longterm relationships with a medium sized company from German Iron and Steel Industry. The data of suppliers consists of variables such as material quality (MQ), discount of amount (DOA), discount of cash (DOC), payment term (PT), delivery time (DT) and annual revenue (AR). Meanwhile, the efficiency that is generated by using DEA is added to the supplier evaluation system in order to use them as system outputs.
Abstract: Radial flow reactor was focused for large scale
methanol synthesis and in which the heat transfer type was cross-flow.
The effects of operating conditions including the reactor inlet air
temperature, the heating pipe temperature and the air flow rate on the
cross-flow heat transfer was investigated and the results showed that
the temperature profile of the area in front of the heating pipe was
slightly affected by all the operating conditions. The main area whose
temperature profile was influenced was the area behind the heating
pipe. The heat transfer direction according to the air flow directions. In
order to provide the basis for radial flow reactor design calculation, the
dimensionless number group method was used for data fitting of the
bed effective thermal conductivity and the wall heat transfer
coefficient which was calculated by the mathematical model with the
product of Reynolds number and Prandtl number. The comparison of
experimental data and calculated value showed that the calculated
value fit the experimental data very well and the formulas could be
used for reactor designing calculation.
Abstract: This paper deals with a new way for designing
external fixators applied in traumatology and orthopaedics. These
fixators can be applied in the treatment of open and unstable
fractures or for lengthening human or animal bones etc. The new
design is based on the development of Ilizarov and other techniques
(i.e. shape and weight optimalization based on composite materials,
application of smart materials, nanotechnology, low x-ray absorption,
antibacterial protection, patient's comfort, reduction in the duration
of the surgical treatment, and cost).
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to express the input-output
matrix as a linear ordering problem which is classified as an NP-hard
problem. We then use a Tabu search algorithm to find the best
permutation among sectors in the input-output matrix that will give
an optimal solution. This optimal permutation can be useful in
designing policies and strategies for economists and government in
their goal of maximizing the gross domestic product.