Abstract: Borate minerals have attracted considerable attention in the past years due to their structural chemistry and mechanical properties in several industries. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the use of; synthetically produced magnesium borates as catalysts reinforcing material for plastics, the conversion of hydrocarbons, electro-conductive treating agent, anti-wear and anti-corrosion materials. Magnesium borates can be synthesized by several methods such as; hydrothermal and solid-state (thermal) processes. In this study the hydrothermal production method was applied at the modest temperature of 80C along with convenient crystal growth. Using MgCl2.6H2O, H3BO3, and NaOH as starting materials, 30, 60, 120, 240 minutes of reaction times were studied. After all, the crystal structure and the morphology of the products were examined by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). As a result the forms of Admontite and Mcallisterite minerals were synthesized.
Abstract: This paper presents an improved variable ordering method to obtain the minimum number of nodes in Reduced Ordered Binary Decision Diagrams (ROBDD). The proposed method uses the graph topology to find the best variable ordering. Therefore the input Boolean function is converted to a unidirectional graph. Three levels of graph parameters are used to increase the probability of having a good variable ordering. The initial level uses the total number of nodes (NN) in all the paths, the total number of paths (NP) and the maximum number of nodes among all paths (MNNAP). The second and third levels use two extra parameters: The shortest path among two variables (SP) and the sum of shortest path from one variable to all the other variables (SSP). A permutation of the graph parameters is performed at each level for each variable order and the number of nodes is recorded. Experimental results are promising; the proposed method is found to be more effective in finding the variable ordering for the majority of benchmark circuits.
Abstract: The paper presents frame and burst acquisition in a satellite communication network based on time division multiple access (TDMA) in which the transmissions may be carried on different transponders. A unique word pattern is used for the acquisition process. The search for the frame is aided by soft-decision of QPSK modulated signals in an additive white Gaussian channel. Results show that when the false alarm rate is low the probability of detection is also low, and the acquisition time is long. Conversely when the false alarm rate is high, the probability of detection is also high and the acquisition time is short. Thus the system operators can trade high false alarm rates for high detection probabilities and shorter acquisition times.
Abstract: As a matter of the fact that online social networks like
Twitter, Facebook and MySpace have experienced an extensive
growth in recent years. Social media offers individuals with a tool for
communicating and interacting with one another. These social
networks enable people to stay in touch with other people and
express themselves. This process makes the users of online social
networks active creators of content rather than being only consumers
of traditional media. That’s why millions of people show strong
desire to learn the methods and tools of digital content production
and necessary communication skills. However, the booming interest
in communication and interaction through online social networks and
high level of eagerness to invent and implement the ways to
participate in content production raise some privacy and security
concerns.
This presentation aims to open the assumed revolutionary,
democratic and liberating nature of the online social media up for
discussion by reviewing some recent political developments in
Turkey. Firstly, the role of Internet and online social networks in
mobilizing collective movements through social interactions and
communications will be questioned. Secondly, some cases from Gezi
and Okmeydanı Protests and also December 17-25 period will be
presented in order to illustrate misinformation and manipulation in
social media and violation of individual privacy through online social
networks in order to damage social unity and stability contradictory
to democratic nature of online social networking.
Abstract: The purpose is to study the model and characteristic of
participation of the suitable community to lead to develop permanent
water marketing in Bang Noi Floating Market, Bangkonti District,
Samutsongkhram Province. A total of 342 survey questionnaire was
administered to potential respondents. The researchers interviewed
the leader of the community. Appreciation Influence Control (AIC)
was used to talk with 20 villagers on arena. The findings revealed
that overall, most people had the middle level of the participation in
developing the durable Bang Noi Floating Market, Bangkonti,
Samutsongkhram Province and in aspects of gaining benefits from
developing it with atmosphere and a beautiful view for tourism. For
example, the landscape is beautiful with public utilities. The
participation in preserving and developing Bang Noi Floating Market
remains in the former way of life. The basic factor of person affects
to the participation of people such as age, level of education, career,
and income per month. Most participants are the original hosts that
have houses and shops located in the marketing and neighbor. These
people involve with the benefits and have the power to make a water
marketing strategy, the major role to set the information database. It
also found that the leader and the villagers play the important role in
setting a five-physical database. Data include level of information
such as position of village, territory of village, road, river, and
premises. Information of culture consists of a two-level of
information, interesting point, and Itinerary. The information occurs
from presenting and practicing by the leader and villagers in the
community.All of phases are presented for listening and investigating
database together in both the leader and villagers in the process of
participation.
Abstract: There is need to explore emerging technologies based on carbon nanotube electronics as the MOS technology is approaching its limits. As MOS devices scale to the nano ranges, increased short channel effects and process variations considerably effect device and circuit designs. As a promising new transistor, the Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor(CNTFET) avoids most of the fundamental limitations of the Traditional MOSFET devices. In this paper we present the analysis and comparision of a Carbon Nanotube FET(CNTFET) based 10(A current mirror with MOSFET for 32nm technology node. The comparision shows the superiority of the former in terms of 97% increase in output resistance,24% decrease in power dissipation and 40% decrease in minimum voltage required for constant saturation current. Furthermore the effect on performance of current mirror due to change in chirality vector of CNT has also been investigated. The circuit simulations are carried out using HSPICE model.
Abstract: Delay-Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are sparse, wireless
networks where disconnections are common due to host mobility and
low node density. The Message Ferrying (MF) scheme is a mobilityassisted
paradigm to improve connectivity in DTN-like networks. A
ferry or message ferry is a special node in the network which has
a per-determined route in the deployed area and relays messages
between mobile hosts (MHs) which are intermittently connected.
Increased contact opportunities among mobile hosts and the ferry
improve the performance of the network, both in terms of message
delivery ratio and average end-end delay. However, due to the inherent
mobility of mobile hosts and pre-determined periodicity of the
message ferry, mobile hosts may often -miss- contact opportunities
with a ferry. In this paper, we propose the combination of stationary
ferry access points (FAPs) with MF routing to increase contact
opportunities between mobile hosts and the MF and consequently
improve the performance of the DTN. We also propose several
placement models for deploying FAPs on MF routes. We evaluate the
performance of the FAP placement models through comprehensive
simulation. Our findings show that FAPs do improve the performance
of MF-assisted DTNs and symmetric placement of FAPs outperforms
other placement strategies.
Abstract: Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a polychlorinated
aromatic compound that is widespread in industrial effluents and is
considered to be a serious pollutant. Among the variety of industrial
effluents encountered, effluents from tanning industry are very
important and have a serious pollution potential. PCP is also formed
unintentionally in effluents of paper and pulp industries. It is highly
persistent in soils and is lethal to a wide variety of beneficial
microorganisms and insects, human beings and animals. The natural
processes that breakdown toxic chemicals in the environment have
become the focus of much attention to develop safe and environmentfriendly
deactivation technologies. Microbes and plants are among
the most important biological agents that remove and degrade waste
materials to enable their recycling in the environment. The present
investigation was carried out with the aim of developing a microbial
system for bioremediation of PCP polluted soils. A number of plant
species were evaluated for their ability to tolerate different
concentrations of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in the soil. The
experiment was conducted for 30 days under pot culture conditions.
The toxic effect of PCP on plants was studied by monitoring seed
germination, plant growth and biomass. As the concentration of PCP
was increased to 50 ppm, the inhibition of seed germination, plant
growth and biomass was also increased. Although PCP had a
negative effect on all plant species tested, maize and groundnut
showed the maximum tolerance to PCP. Other tolerating crops
included wheat, safflower, sunflower, and soybean. From the
rhizosphere soil of the tolerant seedlings, as many as twenty seven
PCP tolerant bacteria were isolated. From soybean, 8; sunflower, 3;
safflower 8; maize 2; groundnut and wheat, 3 each isolates were
made. They were screened for their PCP degradation potentials.
HPLC analyses of PCP degradation revealed that the isolate MAZ-2
degraded PCP completely. The isolate MAZ-1 was the next best
isolate with 90 per cent PCP degradation. These strains hold promise
to be used in the bioremediation of PCP polluted soils.
Abstract: The article examines the methods of protection of
citizens' personal data on the Internet using biometric identity
authentication technology. It`s celebrated their potential danger due
to the threat of loss of base biometric templates. To eliminate the
threat of compromised biometric templates is proposed to use neural
networks large and extra-large sizes, which will on the one hand
securely (Highly reliable) to authenticate a person by his biometrics,
and on the other hand make biometrics a person is not available for
observation and understanding. This article also describes in detail
the transformation of personal biometric data access code. It`s formed
the requirements for biometrics converter code for his work with the
images of "Insider," "Stranger", all the "Strangers". It`s analyzed the
effect of the dimension of neural networks on the quality of
converters mystery of biometrics in access code.
Abstract: One of the most used assumptions in logic programming
and deductive databases is the so-called Closed World Assumption
(CWA), according to which the atoms that cannot be inferred
from the programs are considered to be false (i.e. a pessimistic
assumption). One of the most successful semantics of conventional
logic programs based on the CWA is the well-founded semantics.
However, the CWA is not applicable in all circumstances when
information is handled. That is, the well-founded semantics, if
conventionally defined, would behave inadequately in different cases.
The solution we adopt in this paper is to extend the well-founded
semantics in order for it to be based also on other assumptions. The
basis of (default) negative information in the well-founded semantics
is given by the so-called unfounded sets. We extend this concept
by considering optimistic, pessimistic, skeptical and paraconsistent
assumptions, used to complete missing information from a program.
Our semantics, called extended well-founded semantics, expresses
also imperfect information considered to be missing/incomplete,
uncertain and/or inconsistent, by using bilattices as multivalued
logics. We provide a method of computing the extended well-founded
semantics and show that Kripke-Kleene semantics is captured by
considering a skeptical assumption. We show also that the complexity
of the computation of our semantics is polynomial time.
Abstract: In this paper, the problem of estimating the optimal
radio capacity of a single-cell spread spectrum (SS) multiple-inputmultiple-
output (MIMO) system operating in a Rayleigh fading environment
is examined. The optimisation between the radio capacity
and the theoretically achievable average channel capacity (in the
sense of information theory) per user of a MIMO single-cell SS system
operating in a Rayleigh fading environment is presented. Then,
the spectral efficiency is estimated in terms of the achievable average
channel capacity per user, during the operation over a broadcast
time-varying link, and leads to a simple novel-closed form expression
for the optimal radio capacity value based on the maximization
of the achieved spectral efficiency. Numerical results are presented to
illustrate the proposed analysis.
Abstract: Chicken feathers were used as biosorbent for Pb
removal from aqueous solution. In this paper, the kinetics and
equilibrium studies at several pH, temperature, and metal
concentration values are reported. For tested conditions, the Pb
sorption capacity of this poultry waste ranged from 0.8 to 8.3 mg/g.
Optimal conditions for Pb removal by chicken feathers have been
identified. Pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order equations
were used to analyze the experimental data. In addition, the sorption
isotherms were fitted to classical Langmuir and Freundlich models.
Finally, thermodynamic parameters for the sorption process have
been determined. In summary, the results showed that chicken
feathers are an alternative and promising sorbent for the treatment of
effluents polluted by Pb ions.
Abstract: Breast carcinoma is the most common form of cancer
in women. Multicolour fluorescent in-situ hybridisation (m-FISH) is
a common method for staging breast carcinoma. The interpretation
of m-FISH images is complicated due to two effects: (i) Spectral
overlap in the emission spectra of fluorochrome marked DNA probes
and (ii) tissue autofluorescence. In this paper hyper-spectral images of
m-FISH samples are used and spectral unmixing is applied to produce
false colour images with higher contrast and better information
content than standard RGB images. The spectral unmixing is realised
by combinations of: Orthogonal Projection Analysis (OPA), Alterating
Least Squares (ALS), Simple-to-use Interactive Self-Modeling
Mixture Analysis (SIMPLISMA) and VARIMAX. These are applied
on the data to reduce tissue autofluorescence and resolve the spectral
overlap in the emission spectra. The results show that spectral unmixing
methods reduce the intensity caused by tissue autofluorescence by
up to 78% and enhance image contrast by algorithmically reducing
the overlap of the emission spectra.
Abstract: The improvement of quality of life is the main visible
integrated indicator of state well-being. More and more states pay
attention to define and to achieve social standards of quality of life as
social-economic strategy of development. These standards are
determinate by state features, complex of needs and interests of
individual, family and society.
It still remains in open question: “What is middle class" in
contemporary Kazakhstan. Appearance of new social standards of
quality of life is important indicator of its successful establishment.
The middle class as agent of social, politic and economic reforms
promotes to improve the quality of life of the country. But if consider
a low and a middle stratums of middle class, we can see that high
social expectations and real achievements are still significantly
different.
The article relies on the sociological data, collected during of
search of household-s standards of living in Almaty city and Almaty
region, and case-study of cottage city “Jana Kuat".
Abstract: The accomplished study is based on the appointment
and identification of ageing effects and according to this absorption
of moisture of aircraft cabin components over the life-cycle. In the
first step of the study ceiling panels from same age and from the
same aircraft cabin have been examined according to weight changes
depending on the position in the aircraft cabin. In the second step of
the study different aged ceiling panels have been examined
concerning deflection, weight changes and the acoustic sound
transmission loss. To prove the assumption of water absorption
within the study and with the theoretical background from literature
and scientific papers, an older test panel was exposed extreme
thermal conditions (humidity and temperature) within a climate
chamber to show that there is a general ingress of water to cabin
components and that this ingress of water leads to the change of
different mechanical properties.
Abstract: The conventional production of biodiesel from crude
palm oil which contains large amounts of free fatty acids in the
presence of a homogeneous base catalyst confronts the problems of
soap formation and very low yield of biodiesel. To overcome these
problems, free fatty acids must be esterified to their esters in the
presence of an acid catalyst prior to alkaline-catalyzed
transesterification. Sulfated metal oxides are a promising group of
catalysts due to their very high acidity. In this research, aluminadoped
sulfated tin oxide (SO4
2-/Al2O3-SnO2) catalysts were prepared
and used for esterification of free fatty acids in crude palm oil in a
batch reactor. The SO4
2-/Al2O3-SnO2 catalysts were prepared from
different Al precursors. The results showed that different Al
precursors gave different activities of the SO4
2-/Al2O3-SnO2 catalysts.
The esterification of free fatty acids in crude palm oil with methanol
in the presence of SO4
2-/Al2O3-SnO2 catalysts followed first-order
kinetics.
Abstract: Competitive relationships among Bradyrhizobium
japonicum USDA serogroup 123, 122 and 138 were screened versus
the standard commercial soybean variety Williams and two
introductions P1 377578 "671" in a field trial. Displacement of strain
123 by an effective strain should improved N2 fixation. Root nodules
were collected and strain occupancy percentage was determined
using strain specific fluorescent antibodies technique. As anticipated
the strain USDA 123 dominated 92% of nodules due to the high
affinity between the host and the symbiont. This dominance was
consistent and not changed materially either by inoculation practice
or by introducing new strainan. The interrelationship between the
genotype Williams and serogroup 122 & 138 was found very weak
although the cell density of the strain in the rhizosphere area was
equal. On the other hand, the nodule occupancy of genotypes 671 and
166 with rhizobia serogroup 123 was almost diminished to zero. .
The data further exhibited that the genotypes P1 671 and P1 166 have
high affinity to colonize with strains 122 and 138 whereas Williams
was highly promiscuous to strain 123.
Abstract: Environmental awareness and the recent
environmental policies have forced many electric utilities to
restructure their operational practices to account for their emission
impacts. One way to accomplish this is by reformulating the
traditional economic dispatch problem such that emission effects are
included in the mathematical model. This paper presents a Particle
Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to solve the Economic-
Emission Dispatch problem (EED) which gained recent attention due
to the deregulation of the power industry and strict environmental
regulations. The problem is formulated as a multi-objective one with
two competing functions, namely economic cost and emission
functions, subject to different constraints. The inequality constraints
considered are the generating unit capacity limits while the equality
constraint is generation-demand balance. A novel equality constraint
handling mechanism is proposed in this paper. PSO algorithm is
tested on a 30-bus standard test system. Results obtained show that
PSO algorithm has a great potential in handling multi-objective
optimization problems and is capable of capturing Pareto optimal
solution set under different loading conditions.
Abstract: With deep development of software reuse, componentrelated
technologies have been widely applied in the development of
large-scale complex applications. Component identification (CI) is
one of the primary research problems in software reuse, by analyzing
domain business models to get a set of business components with high
reuse value and good reuse performance to support effective reuse.
Based on the concept and classification of CI, its technical stack is
briefly discussed from four views, i.e., form of input business models,
identification goals, identification strategies, and identification
process. Then various CI methods presented in literatures are
classified into four types, i.e., domain analysis based methods,
cohesion-coupling based clustering methods, CRUD matrix based
methods, and other methods, with the comparisons between these
methods for their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, some
insufficiencies of study on CI are discussed, and the causes are
explained subsequently. Finally, it is concluded with some
significantly promising tendency about research on this problem.
Abstract: This article is an extension and a practical application
approach of Wheeler-s NEBIC theory (Net Enabled Business
Innovation Cycle). NEBIC theory is a new approach in IS research
and can be used for dynamic environment related to new technology.
Firms can follow the market changes rapidly with support of the IT
resources. Flexible firms adapt their market strategies, and respond
more quickly to customers changing behaviors. When every leading
firm in an industry has access to the same IT resources, the way that
these IT resources are managed will determine the competitive
advantages or disadvantages of firm. From Dynamic Capabilities
Perspective and from newly introduced NEBIC theory by Wheeler,
we know that only IT resources cannot deliver customer value but
good configuration of those resources can guarantee customer value
by choosing the right emerging technology, grasping the economic
opportunities through business innovation and growth. We found
evidences in literature that SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) is a
promising emerging technology which can deliver the desired
economic opportunity through modularity, flexibility and loosecoupling.
SOA can also help firms to connect in network which can
open a new window of opportunity to collaborate in innovation and
right kind of outsourcing