Abstract: This paper investigates the problem of automated defect
detection for textile fabrics and proposes a new optimal filter design
method to solve this problem. Gabor Wavelet Network (GWN) is
chosen as the major technique to extract the texture features from
textile fabrics. Based on the features extracted, an optimal Gabor filter
can be designed. In view of this optimal filter, a new semi-supervised
defect detection scheme is proposed, which consists of one real-valued
Gabor filter and one smoothing filter. The performance of the scheme
is evaluated by using an offline test database with 78 homogeneous
textile images. The test results exhibit accurate defect detection with
low false alarm, thus showing the effectiveness and robustness of the
proposed scheme. To evaluate the detection scheme comprehensively,
a prototyped detection system is developed to conduct a real time test.
The experiment results obtained confirm the efficiency and
effectiveness of the proposed detection scheme.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to examine the interaction between mode of illness onset and psychiatric comorbidity on the health outcomes of persons with ME/CFS. A total of 114 individuals with ME/CFS participated in this study. Individuals completed a battery of baseline measures including the fatigue severity scale and measures of disability. Findings indicated that those with sudden illness onset had more impaired physical health functioning. In addition, among individuals with sudden onset, those without psychiatric comorbidity had greater fatigue severity and lower overall physical health than those with psychiatric comordibity. In contrast, among individuals with gradual illness onset, those with psychiatric comorbity had higher fatigue severity than those without comorbid psychiatric disorders. The health outcomes of individuals who have ME/CFS with or without psychiatric comorbidity are impacted by the mode of illness onset and this suggest that it is important to examine these factors in future research.
Abstract: Suppose G(V,E) is a graph, a function f : V \cup E \to \{1, 2, 3, \cdots, k\} is called the total edge(vertex) irregular k-labelling for G such that for each two edges are different having distinct weights. The total edge(vertex) irregularity strength of G, denoted by tes(G)(tvs(G), is the smallest k positive integers such that G has a total edge(vertex) irregular k-labelling. In this paper, we determined the total edge(vertex) irregularity strength of an amalgamation of two isomorphic cycles. The total edge irregularity strength and the total vertex irregularity strength of two isomorphic cycles on n vertices are \lceil (2n+2)/3 \rceil and \lceil 2n/3 \rceil for n \geq 3, respectively.
Abstract: In this paper smooth trajectories are computed in the Lie group SO(2, 1) as a motion planning problem by assigning a Frenet frame to the rigid body system to optimize the cost function of the elastic energy which is spent to track a timelike curve in Minkowski space. A method is proposed to solve a motion planning problem that minimizes the integral of the Lorentz inner product of Darboux vector of a timelike curve. This method uses the coordinate free Maximum Principle of Optimal control and results in the theory of integrable Hamiltonian systems. The presence of several conversed quantities inherent in these Hamiltonian systems aids in the explicit computation of the rigid body motions.
Abstract: Functionalities and control behavior are both primary
requirements in design of a complex system. Automata theory plays
an important role in modeling behavior of a system. Z is an ideal
notation which is used for describing state space of a system and then
defining operations over it. Consequently, an integration of automata
and Z will be an effective tool for increasing modeling power for a
complex system. Further, nondeterministic finite automata (NFA)
may have different implementations and therefore it is needed to
verify the transformation from diagrams to a code. If we describe
formal specification of an NFA before implementing it, then
confidence over transformation can be increased. In this paper, we
have given a procedure for integrating NFA and Z. Complement of a
special type of NFA is defined. Then union of two NFAs is
formalized after defining their complements. Finally, formal
construction of intersection of NFAs is described. The specification
of this relationship is analyzed and validated using Z/EVES tool.
Abstract: This research project aims to investigate difference in
relative rates concerning phosphoryl transfer relevant to biological
catalysis of DNA and RNA in the pH-independent reactions.
Activated Models of DNA and RNA for alkyl-aryl phosphate diesters
(with 4-nitrophenyl as a good leaving group) have successfully been
prepared to gather kinetic parameters. Eyring plots for the pH–
independent hydrolysis of 1 and 2 were established at different
temperatures in the range 100–160 °C. These measurements have
been used to provide a better estimate for the difference in relative
rates between the reactivity of DNA and RNA cleavage. Eyring plot
gave an extrapolated rate of kH2O = 1 × 10-10 s -1 for 1 (RNA model)
and 2 (DNA model) at 25°C. Comparing the reactivity of RNA
model and DNA model shows that the difference in relative rates in
the pH-independent reactions is surprisingly very similar at 25°. This
allows us to obtain chemical insights into how biological catalysts
such as enzymes may have evolved to perform their current
functions.
Abstract: Phase locked loops in 10 Gb/s and faster data links are
low phase noise devices. Characterization of their phase jitter
transfer functions is difficult because the intrinsic noise of the PLLs
is comparable to the phase noise of the reference clock signal. The
problem is solved by using a linear model to account for the intrinsic
noise. This study also introduces a novel technique for measuring the
transfer function. It involves the use of the reference clock as a
source of wideband excitation, in contrast to the commonly used
sinusoidal excitations at discrete frequencies. The data reported here
include the intrinsic noise of a PLL for 10 Gb/s links and the jitter
transfer function of a PLL for 12.8 Gb/s links. The measured transfer
function suggests that the PLL responded like a second order linear
system to a low noise reference clock.
Abstract: This paper presents performance analysis of the
Evolutionary Programming-Artificial Neural Network (EPANN)
based technique to optimize the architecture and training parameters
of a one-hidden layer feedforward ANN model for the prediction of
energy output from a grid connected photovoltaic system. The ANN
utilizes solar radiation and ambient temperature as its inputs while the
output is the total watt-hour energy produced from the grid-connected
PV system. EP is used to optimize the regression performance of the
ANN model by determining the optimum values for the number of
nodes in the hidden layer as well as the optimal momentum rate and
learning rate for the training. The EPANN model is tested using two
types of transfer function for the hidden layer, namely the tangent
sigmoid and logarithmic sigmoid. The best transfer function, neural
topology and learning parameters were selected based on the highest
regression performance obtained during the ANN training and testing
process. It is observed that the best transfer function configuration for
the prediction model is [logarithmic sigmoid, purely linear].
Abstract: We develop a new interface for Bus-Net which is
optimized for a smartphone. We are continuing to develop the shortest
path planning system of public transportation called "Bus-Net" in
Tottori prefecture as web application to improve the usability of
public transportation. Recent trend of computing platform, however
has shifted to an advanced mobile device called a smartphone such as
iPhone and Android in Japan. A smartphone has different characters
with existing feature phone in terms of OS, large touche panel, and
several other features. We derive a guideline to design the new interface
for a smartphone to full use of the functionality. The guideline is
about simplicity of user-s operation, location awareness and usability.
We developed the new interface for “Bus-Net" on iPhone referring
to the guideline. Due to the evaluation, the application interface we
developed is better than the existing web-based interface in terms of
the usability.
Abstract: Avionics software is safe-critical embedded software
and its architecture is evolving from traditional federated architectures
to Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) to improve resource usability.
ARINC 653 (Avionics Application Standard Software Interface) is a
software specification for space and time partitioning in Safety-critical
avionics Real-time operating systems. Arinc653 uses two-level
scheduling strategies, but current modeling tools only apply to simple
problems of Arinc653 two-level scheduling, which only contain time
property. In avionics industry, we are always manually allocating
tasks and calculating the timing table of a real-time system to ensure
it-s running as we design. In this paper we represent an automatically
generating strategy which applies to the two scheduling problems with
dependent constraints in Arinc653 partition run-time environment. It
provides the functionality of automatic generation from the task and partition models to scheduling policy through allocating the tasks to the partitions while following the constraints, and then we design a simulating mechanism to check whether our policy is schedulable or
not
Abstract: The theatre-auditorium under investigation following
the highly reflective characteristics of materials used in it (marble,
painted wood, smooth plaster, etc), architectural and structural
features of the Protocol and its intended use (very multifunctional:
Auditorium, theatre, cinema, musicals, conference room) from the
analysis of the statement of fact made by the acoustic simulation
software Ramsete and supported by data obtained through a
campaign of acoustic measurements of the state of fact made on the
spot by a Fonomet Svantek model SVAN 957, appears to be
acoustically inadequate. After the completion of the 3D model
according to the specifications necessary software used forecast in
order to be recognized by him, have made three simulations, acoustic
simulation of the state of and acoustic simulation of two design
solutions.
Improved noise characteristics found in the first design solution,
compared to the state in fact consists therefore in lowering
Reverberation Time that you turn most desirable value, while the
Indicators of Clarity, the Baricentric Time, the Lateral Efficiency,
Ratio of Low Tmedia BR and defined the Speech Intelligibility
improved significantly. Improved noise characteristics found instead
in the second design solution, as compared to first design solution, is
finally mostly in a more uniform distribution of Leq and in lowering
Reverberation Time that you turn the optimum values. Indicators of
Clarity, and the Lateral Efficiency improve further but at the expense
of a value slightly worse than the BR. Slightly vary the remaining
indices.
Abstract: This paper presents an analytical method to solve
governing consolidation parabolic partial differential equation (PDE)
for inelastic porous Medium (soil) with consideration of variation of
equation coefficient under cyclic loading. Since under cyclic loads,
soil skeleton parameters change, this would introduce variable
coefficient of parabolic PDE. Classical theory would not rationalize
consolidation phenomenon in such condition. In this research, a
method based on time space mapping to a virtual time space along
with superimposing rule is employed to solve consolidation of
inelastic soils in cyclic condition. Changes of consolidation
coefficient applied in solution by modification of loading and
unloading duration by introducing virtual time. Mapping function is
calculated based on consolidation partial differential equation results.
Based on superimposing rule a set of continuous static loads in
specified times used instead of cyclic load. A set of laboratory
consolidation tests under cyclic load along with numerical
calculations were performed in order to verify the presented method.
Numerical solution and laboratory tests results showed accuracy of
presented method.
Abstract: The increments of aromatic structures are widely used to monitor the degree of humification. Compost derived from mix manures mixed with agricultural wastes was studied. The compost collected at day 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 49, 77, 91, 105, and 119 was divided into 3 stages, initial stage at day 0, thermophilic stage during day 1-48, and mature stage during day 49-119. The change of highest absorptions at wavelength range between 210-235 nm during day 0- 49 implied that small molecules such as nitrates and carboxylic occurred faster than the aromatic molecules that were found at wavelength around 280 nm. The ratio of electron-transfer band at wavelength 253 nm by the benzonoid band at wavelength 230 nm (E253/E230) also gradually increased during the fermenting period indicating the presence of O-containing functional groups. This was in agreement with the shift change from aliphatic to aromatic structures as shown by the relationship with C/N and H/C ratios (r = - 0.631 and -0.717, p< 0.05) since both were decreasing. Although the amounts of humic acid (HA) were not different much during the humification process, the UV spectral deconvolution showed better qualitative characteristics to help in determining the compost quality. From this study, the compost should be used at day 49 and should not be kept longer than 3 months otherwise the quality of HA would decline regardless of the amounts of HA that might be rising. This implied that other processes, such as mineralization had an influence on the humification process changing HA-s structure and its qualities.
Abstract: The paper describes a self supervised parallel self organizing neural network (PSONN) architecture for true color image segmentation. The proposed architecture is a parallel extension of the standard single self organizing neural network architecture (SONN) and comprises an input (source) layer of image information, three single self organizing neural network architectures for segmentation of the different primary color components in a color image scene and one final output (sink) layer for fusion of the segmented color component images. Responses to the different shades of color components are induced in each of the three single network architectures (meant for component level processing) by applying a multilevel version of the characteristic activation function, which maps the input color information into different shades of color components, thereby yielding a processed component color image segmented on the basis of the different shades of component colors. The number of target classes in the segmented image corresponds to the number of levels in the multilevel activation function. Since the multilevel version of the activation function exhibits several subnormal responses to the input color image scene information, the system errors of the three component network architectures are computed from some subnormal linear index of fuzziness of the component color image scenes at the individual level. Several multilevel activation functions are employed for segmentation of the input color image scene using the proposed network architecture. Results of the application of the multilevel activation functions to the PSONN architecture are reported on three real life true color images. The results are substantiated empirically with the correlation coefficients between the segmented images and the original images.
Abstract: In this paper, zigbee communication based wireless energy surveillance system is presented. The proposed system consists of multiple energy surveillance devices and an energy surveillance monitor. Each different standby power-off value of electric device is set automatically by using learning function of energy surveillance device. Thus adaptive standby power-off function provides user convenience and it maximizes the energy savings. Also, power consumption monitoring function is helpful to reduce inefficient energy consumption in home. The zigbee throughput simulator is designed to evaluate minimum transmission power and maximum allowable information quantity in the proposed system. The test result of prototype has been satisfied all the requirements. The proposed system has confirmed that can be used as an intelligent energy surveillance system for energy savings in home or office.
Abstract: In the current work, a numerical parametric study was
performed in order to model the fluid mechanics in the riser of a
bubbling fluidized bed (BFB). The gas-solid flow was simulated by
mean of a multi-fluid Eulerian model incorporating the kinetic theory
for solid particles. The bubbling fluidized bed was simulated two
dimensionally by mean of a Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD)
commercial software package, Fluent. The effects of using different
inter-phase drag function (the drag model of Gidaspow, Syamlal and
O-Brien and the EMMS drag model) on the model predictions were
evaluated and compared. The results showed that the drag models of
Gidaspow and Syamlal and O-Brien overestimated the drag force for
the FCC particles and predicted a greater bed expansion in
comparison to the EMMS drag model.
Abstract: Optimization and control of reactive power
distribution in the power systems leads to the better operation of the
reactive power resources. Reactive power control reduces
considerably the power losses and effective loads and improves the
power factor of the power systems. Another important reason of the
reactive power control is improving the voltage profile of the power
system. In this paper, voltage and reactive power control using
Neural Network techniques have been applied to the 33 shines-
Tehran Electric Company. In this suggested ANN, the voltages of PQ
shines have been considered as the input of the ANN. Also, the
generators voltages, tap transformers and shunt compensators have
been considered as the output of ANN. Results of this techniques
have been compared with the Linear Programming. Minimization of
the transmission line power losses has been considered as the
objective function of the linear programming technique. The
comparison of the results of the ANN technique with the LP shows
that the ANN technique improves the precision and reduces the
computation time. ANN technique also has a simple structure and
this causes to use the operator experience.
Abstract: In this paper we consider a nonlinear control design for
nonlinear systems by using two-stage formal linearization and twotype
LQ controls. The ordinary LQ control is designed on almost
linear region around the steady state point. On the other region,
another control is derived as follows. This derivation is based on
coordinate transformation twice with respect to linearization functions
which are defined by polynomials. The linearized systems can be
made up by using Taylor expansion considered up to the higher order.
To the resulting formal linear system, the LQ control theory is applied
to obtain another LQ control. Finally these two-type LQ controls
are smoothly united to form a single nonlinear control. Numerical
experiments indicate that this control show remarkable performances
for a nonlinear system.
Abstract: One of the major problems in liberalized power
markets is loss allocation. In this paper, a different method for
allocating transmission losses to pool market participants is
proposed. The proposed method is fundamentally based on
decomposition of loss function and current projection concept. The
method has been implemented and tested on several networks and
one sample summarized in the paper. The results show that the
method is comprehensive and fair to allocating the energy losses of a
power market to its participants.
Abstract: Retinoic acid is like a steroid hormone that plays a
role in embryo formation, proliferation of spermatogonia cells,
ephitelial cells differentiation and organogenesis. Retinoic acid can
influences seminiferous tubule formation during embryonic testis
development and also play a role in the regulation of ovarian function
and female reproductive tract by suppressing the hormones FSH
receptor expression. The excessive use of retinoic acid caused
abnormalities in the fetus. The result showed that there is the
influence of retinoic acid on the developmet of mice fetal testes, for
examples disruption of the formation of seminiferous tubules and
tubules seemed to be hollow, spermatogonia cells are relatively few
in number and caused Leydig cells count relatively more. While in
the female fetus does not caused the formation of primordial follicles
and disrupted the development of germinal ephitelial cells of fetal
ovaries of female mice (mus musculus) Swiss Webster.