Abstract: This paper focuses on the Mega-Sub Controlled
Structure Systems (MSCSS) performances and characteristics
regarding the new control principle contained in MSCSS subjected to
strong earthquake excitations. The adopted control scheme consists of
modulated sub-structures where the control action is achieved by
viscous dampers and sub-structure own configuration. The
elastic-plastic time history analysis under severe earthquake excitation
is analyzed base on the Finite Element Analysis Method (FEAM), and
some comparison results are also given in this paper. The result shows
that the MSCSS systems can remarkably reduce vibrations effects
more than the mega-sub structure (MSS). The study illustrates that the
improved MSCSS presents good seismic resistance ability even at 1.2g
and can absorb seismic energy in the structure, thus imply that
structural members cross section can be reduce and achieve to good
economic characteristics. Furthermore, the elasto-plastic analysis
demonstrates that the MSCSS is accurate enough regarding
international building evaluation and design codes. This paper also
shows that the elasto-plastic dynamic analysis method is a reasonable
and reliable analysis method for structures subjected to strong
earthquake excitations and that the computed results are more precise.
Abstract: Six parameters, the effective diffusivity (De),
activation energy of De, pre-exponential factor of De, amount
(ASOW) of self-organized water species, and amplitude (α) of the
forced oscillation of the molecular mobility (1/tC) derived from the
forced cyclic temperature change operation, were characterized by
using six typical foods, squid, sardines, scallops, salmon, beef, and
pork, as a function of the correlation time (tC) of the water molecule-s
proton retained in the foods. Each of the six parameters was clearly
divided into the water species A1 and A2 at a specified value of tC
=10-8s (=CtC), indicating an anomalous change in the physicochemical
nature of the water species at the CtC. The forced oscillation of 1/tC
clearly demonstrated a characteristic mode depending on the food
shown as a three dimensional map associated with 1/tC, the amount of
self-organized water, and tC.
Abstract: Adaptive control involves modifying the control law
used by the controller to cope with the fact that the parameters of the
system being controlled change drastically due to change in
environmental conditions or in system itself. This technique is based
on the fundamental characteristic of adaptation of living organism.
The adaptive control process is one that continuously and
automatically measures the dynamic behavior of plant, compares it
with the desired output and uses the difference to vary adjustable
system parameters or to generate an actuating signal in such a way so
that optimal performance can be maintained regardless of system
changes. This paper deals with application of model reference
adaptive control scheme in first order system. The rule which is used
for this application is MIT rule. This paper also shows the effect of
adaptation gain on the system performance. Simulation is done in
MATLAB and results are discussed in detail.
Abstract: Many Thai movies have been very popular
domestically and internationally. Some movies were box office hits
and receiving awards. However, there has not yet been research
about how Thai movies can sell in international markets
The objectives of the research were 1) To analyze the
characteristics of Thai movies that can sell to world audiences; 2) To
investigate the factors making Thai movies into foreign markets. Thai
film professionals were interviewed. Their ideas were analyzed to
find out what factors contributing to Thai movies widely seen in
worldwide markets. Nine foreign audiences were also interviewed to
reveal what characteristics of Thai movies would be well accepted by
the markets.
The results showed that major characteristics of Thai movies
proving successful worldwide were cultural and exotic Thai movies,
outstanding genres, well-known actors, music and songs. Factors
contributing to global market were marketing, qualities of Thai
movies, and financial support from the government.
Abstract: Nanostructured materials have attracted many
researchers due to their outstanding mechanical and physical
properties. For example, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or carbon
nanofibres (CNFs) are considered to be attractive reinforcement
materials for light weight and high strength metal matrix composites.
These composites are being projected for use in structural
applications for their high specific strength as well as functional
materials for their exciting thermal and electrical characteristics. The
critical issues of CNT-reinforced MMCs include processing
techniques, nanotube dispersion, interface, strengthening mechanisms
and mechanical properties. One of the major obstacles to the effective
use of carbon nanotubes as reinforcements in metal matrix
composites is their agglomeration and poor distribution/dispersion
within the metallic matrix. In order to tap into the advantages of the
properties of CNTs (or CNFs) in composites, the high dispersion of
CNTs (or CNFs) and strong interfacial bonding are the key issues
which are still challenging. Processing techniques used for synthesis
of the composites have been studied with an objective to achieve
homogeneous distribution of carbon nanotubes in the matrix.
Modified mechanical alloying (ball milling) techniques have emerged
as promising routes for the fabrication of carbon nanotube (CNT)
reinforced metal matrix composites. In order to obtain a
homogeneous product, good control of the milling process, in
particular control of the ball movement, is essential. The control of
the ball motion during the milling leads to a reduction in grinding
energy and a more homogeneous product. Also, the critical inner
diameter of the milling container at a particular rotational speed can
be calculated. In the present work, we use conventional and modified
mechanical alloying to generate a homogenous distribution of 2 wt.
% CNT within Al powders. 99% purity Aluminium powder (Acros,
200mesh) was used along with two different types of multiwall
carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) having different aspect ratios to
produce Al-CNT composites. The composite powders were processed
into bulk material by compaction, and sintering using a cylindrical
compaction and tube furnace. Field Emission Scanning electron
microscopy (FESEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Raman
spectroscopy and Vickers macro hardness tester were used to
evaluate CNT dispersion, powder morphology, CNT damage, phase
analysis, mechanical properties and crystal size determination.
Despite the success of ball milling in dispersing CNTs in Al powder,
it is often accompanied with considerable strain hardening of the Al
powder, which may have implications on the final properties of the
composite. The results show that particle size and morphology vary
with milling time. Also, by using the mixing process and sonication
before mechanical alloying and modified ball mill, dispersion of the
CNTs in Al matrix improves.
Abstract: The proof of concept experiments were conducted to
determine the feasibility of using small amounts of Dissolved
Sulphur (DS) from the gaseous phase to precipitate platinum ions in
chloride media. Two sets of precipitation experiments were
performed in which the source of sulphur atoms was either a
thiosulphate solution (Na2S2O3) or a sulphur dioxide gas (SO2). In
liquid-liquid (L-L) system, complete precipitation of Pt was achieved
at small dosages of Na2S2O3 (0.01 – 1.0 M) in a time interval of 3-5
minutes. On the basis of this result, gas absorption tests were carried
out mainly to achieve sulphur solubility equivalent to 0.018 M. The
idea that huge amounts of precious metals could be recovered
selectively from their dilute solutions by utilizing the waste SO2
streams at low pressure seemed attractive from the economic and
environmental point of views. Therefore, mass transfer characteristics
of SO2 gas associated with reactive absorption across the gas-liquid
(G-L) interface were evaluated under different conditions of pressure
(0.5 – 2 bar), solution temperature ranges from 20 – 50 oC and acid
strength (1 – 4 M, HCl). This paper concludes with information about
selective precipitation of Pt in the presence of cations (Fe2+, Co2+,
and Cr3+) in a CSTR and recommendation to scale up laboratory data
to industrial pilot scale operations.
Abstract: The characterization of κ-carrageenan could provide a
better understanding of its functions in biological, medical and
industrial applications. Chemical and physical analyses of
carrageenan from seaweeds, Euchema cottonii L., were done to offer
information on its properties and the effects of Co-60 γ-irradiation on
its thermochemical characteristics. The structural and morphological
characteristics of κ-carrageenan were determined using scanning
electron microscopy (SEM) while the composition, molecular weight
and thermal properties were determined using attenuated total
reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), gel
permeation chromatography (GPC), thermal gravimetric analysis
(TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Further chemical
analysis was done using hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (1H
NMR) and functional characteristics in terms of biocompatibility
were evaluated using cytotoxicity test.
Abstract: Tomato powder has good potential as substitute of tomato paste and other tomato products. In order to protect physicochemical properties and nutritional quality of tomato during dehydration process, investigation was carried out using different drying methods and pretreatments. Solar drier and continuous conveyor (tunnel) drier were used for dehydration where as calcium chloride (CaCl2), potassium metabisulphite (KMS), calcium chloride and potassium metabisulphite (CaCl2 +KMS), and sodium chloride (NaCl) selected for treatment.. lycopene content, dehydration ratio, rehydration ratio and non-enzymatic browning in addition to moisture, sugar and titrable acidity were studied. Results show that pre-treatment with CaCl2 and NaCl increased water removal and moisture mobility in tomato slices during drying of tomatoes. Where CaCl2 used along with KMS the NEB was recorded the least compared to other treatments and the best results were obtained while using the two chemicals in combination form. Storage studies in LDPE polymeric and metalized polyesters films showed less changes in the products packed in metallized polyester pouches and even after 6 months lycopene content did not decrease more than 20% as compared to the control sample and provide extension of shelf life in acceptable condition for 6 months. In most of the quality characteristics tunnel drier samples presented better values in comparison to solar drier.
Abstract: Raisin Concentrate (RC) are the most important
products obtained in the raisin processing industries. These RC
products are now used to make the syrups, drinks and confectionery
productions and introduced as natural substitute for sugar in food
applications. Iran is a one of the biggest raisin exporter in the world
but unfortunately despite a good raw material, no serious effort to
extract the RC has been taken in Iran. Therefore, in this paper, we
determined and analyzed affected parameters on extracting RC
process and then optimizing these parameters for design the
extracting RC process in two types of raisin (round and long)
produced in Khorasan region. Two levels of solvent (1:1 and 2:1),
three levels of extraction temperature (60°C, 70°C and 80°C), and
three levels of concentration temperature (50°C, 60°C and 70°C)
were the treatments. Finally physicochemical characteristics of the
obtained concentrate such as color, viscosity, percentage of reduction
sugar, acidity and the microbial tests (mould and yeast) were
counted. The analysis was performed on the basis of factorial in the
form of completely randomized design (CRD) and Duncan's multiple
range test (DMRT) was used for the comparison of the means.
Statistical analysis of results showed that optimal conditions for
production of concentrate is round raisins when the solvent ratio was
2:1 with extraction temperature of 60°C and then concentration
temperature of 50°C. Round raisin is cheaper than the long one, and
it is more economical to concentrate production. Furthermore, round
raisin has more aromas and the less color degree with increasing the
temperature of concentration and extraction. Finally, according to
mentioned factors the concentrate of round raisin is recommended.
Abstract: Ultrasound is useful in demonstrating bone mineral
density of regenerating osseous tissue as well as structural alterations.
A proposed ultrasound method, which included ultrasonography and
acoustic parameters measurement, was employed to evaluate its
efficacy in monitoring the bone callus changes in a rabbit tibial
distraction osteogenesis (DO) model.
The findings demonstrated that ultrasonographic images depicted
characteristic changes of the bone callus, typical of histology findings,
during the distraction phase. Follow-up acoustic parameters
measurement of the bone callus, including speed of sound, reflection
and attenuation, showed significant linear changes over time during
the distraction phase. The acoustic parameters obtained during the
distraction phase also showed moderate to strong correlation with
consolidated bone callus density and micro-architecture measured by
micro-computed tomography at the end of the consolidation phase.
The results support the preferred use of ultrasound imaging in the
early monitoring of bone callus changes during DO treatment.
Abstract: This paper presents functionality of negotiation agent
on value-based design decision. The functionality is based on the
characteristics of the system and goal specification. A Prometheus
Design Tool model was used for developing the system. Group
functionality will be the attribute for negotiation agents, which
comprises a coordinator agent and decision- maker agent. The results
of the testing of the system to a building system selection on valuebased
decision environment are also presented.
Abstract: Movable power sources of proton exchange
membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are the important research done in the
current fuel cells (FC) field. The PEMFC system control influences
the cell performance greatly and it is a control system for industrial
complex problems, due to the imprecision, uncertainty and partial
truth and intrinsic nonlinear characteristics of PEMFCs. In this paper
an adaptive PI control strategy using neural network adaptive Morlet
wavelet for control is proposed. It is based on a single layer feed
forward neural networks with hidden nodes of adaptive morlet
wavelet functions controller and an infinite impulse response (IIR)
recurrent structure. The IIR is combined by cascading to the network
to provide double local structure resulting in improving speed of
learning. The proposed method is applied to a typical 1 KW PEMFC
system and the results show the proposed method has more accuracy
against to MLP (Multi Layer Perceptron) method.
Abstract: The objectives of this research were to compare the success of SME registered in Nakorn Pathom Province divided in personal data also to study the relations between the innovation knowledge and capability and the success of SME registered in Nakorn Pathom Province and to study the relations between the work efficiency and the success of SME registered in Nakorn Pathom Province. A questionnaire was utilized as a tool to collect data. Statistics utilized in this research included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and multiple regression analysis. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.The findings revealed that the majority of respondents were male with the age between 25-34 years old, hold undergraduate degree, married and stay together. The average income of respondents was between 10,001-20,000 baht. It also found that in terms of innovation knowledge and capability, there were two variables had an influence on the amount of innovation knowledge and capability, innovation evaluation which were physical characteristic and innovation process.
Abstract: A potential flow model is used to study the unsteady
flow past two airfoils in configuration, each of which is suddenly set
into motion. The airfoil bound vortices are modeled using lumped
vortex elements and the wake behind the airfoil is modeled by discrete
vortices. This consists of solving a steady state flow problem at each
time-step where unsteadiness is incorporated through the “zero normal
flow on a solid surface" boundary condition at every time instant.
Additionally, along with the “zero normal flow on a solid surface"
boundary condition Kelvin-s condition is used to compute the strength
of the latest wake vortex shed from the trailing edge of the airfoil.
Location of the wake vortices is updated at each time-step to get the
wake shape at each time instant. Results are presented to show the
effect of airfoil-airfoil interaction and airfoil-wake interaction on the
aerodynamic characteristics of each airfoil.
Abstract: Background Contact lens (CL) wear can cause
changes in blinking and corneal staining. Aims and Objectives To
determine the effects of CL materials (HEMA and SiHy) on
spontaneous blink rate, blinking patterns and corneal staining after 2
months of wear. Methods Ninety subjects in 3 groups (control,
HEMA and SiHy) were assessed at baseline and 2-months. Blink rate
was recorded using a video camera. Blinking patterns were assessed
with digital camera and slit lamp biomicroscope. Corneal staining
was graded using IER grading scale Results There were no significant
differences in all parameters at baseline. At 2 months, CL wearers
showed significant increment in average blink rate (F1.626, 47.141 =
7.250, p = 0.003; F2,58 = 6.240, p = 0.004) and corneal staining (χ2
2,
n=30 = 31.921, p < 0.001; χ2
2, n=30 = 26.909, p < 0.001). Conclusion
Blinking characteristics and corneal staining were not influence by
soft CL materials.
Abstract: We have modeled the effect of a graded band gap
window on the performance of a single junction AlxGa1-xAs/GaAs
solar cell. First, we study the electrical characteristics of a single
junction AlxGa1-xAs/GaAs solar cell, by employing an optimized
structure for this solar cell, we show that grading the band gap of the
window can increase the conversion efficiency of the solar cell by
about 1.5%, and can also improve the quantum efficiency of the solar
cell especially at shorter wavelengths.
Abstract: Ambient hydrolysis products in moist air and
hydrolysis kinetics in argon with humidity of RH1.5% for
polycrystalline LiH powders and sintered bulks were investigated by
X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and gravimetry. The results
showed that the hydrolysis products made up a layered structure of
LiOH•H2O/LiOH/Li2O from surface of the sample to inside. In low
humid argon atmosphere, the primary hydrolysis product was Li2O
rather than LiOH. The hydrolysis kinetic curves of LiH bulks present a
paralinear shape, which could be explained by the “Layer Diffusion
Control" model. While a three-stage hydrolysis kinetic profile was
observed for LiH powders under the same experimental conditions.
The first two sections were similar to that of the bulk samples, and the
third section also presents a linear reaction kinetics but with a smaller
reaction rate compared to the second section because of a larger
exothermic effect for the hydrolysis reaction of LiH powder.
Abstract: From the perspective of system of systems (SoS) and
emergent behaviors, this paper describes large scale application
software systems, and proposes framework methods to further depict
systems- functional and non-functional characteristics. Besides, this
paper also specifically discusses some functional frameworks. In the
end, the framework-s applications in system disintegrations, system
architecture and stable intermediate forms are additionally dealt with
in this in building, deployment and maintenance of large scale
software applications.
Abstract: Face authentication for access control is a face
membership authentication which passes the person of the incoming
face if he turns out to be one of an enrolled person based on face
recognition or rejects if not. Face membership authentication belongs
to the two class classification problem where SVM(Support Vector
Machine) has been successfully applied and shows better performance
compared to the conventional threshold-based classification. However,
most of previous SVMs have been trained using image feature vectors
extracted from face images of each class member(enrolled
class/unenrolled class) so that they are not robust to variations in
illuminations, poses, and facial expressions and much affected by
changes in member configuration of the enrolled class
In this paper, we propose an effective face membership
authentication method based on SVM using class discriminating
features which represent an incoming face image-s associability with
each class distinctively. These class discriminating features are weakly
related with image features so that they are less affected by variations
in illuminations, poses and facial expression.
Through experiments, it is shown that the proposed face
membership authentication method performs better than the threshold
rule-based or the conventional SVM-based authentication methods and
is relatively less affected by changes in member size and membership.
Abstract: In contrast to existing methods which do not take into account multiconnectivity in a broad sense of this term, we develop mathematical models and highly effective combination (BIEM and FDM) numerical methods of calculation of stationary and cvazistationary temperature field of a profile part of a blade with convective cooling (from the point of view of realization on PC). The theoretical substantiation of these methods is proved by appropriate theorems. For it, converging quadrature processes have been developed and the estimations of errors in the terms of A.Ziqmound continuity modules have been received. For visualization of profiles are used: the method of the least squares with automatic conjecture, device spline, smooth replenishment and neural nets. Boundary conditions of heat exchange are determined from the solution of the corresponding integral equations and empirical relationships. The reliability of designed methods is proved by calculation and experimental investigations heat and hydraulic characteristics of the gas turbine 1st stage nozzle blade