Abstract: Design and modeling of nonlinear systems require the
knowledge of all inside acting parameters and effects. An empirical
alternative is to identify the system-s transfer function from input and
output data as a black box model. This paper presents a procedure
using least squares algorithm for the identification of a feed drive
system coefficients in time domain using a reduced model based on
windowed input and output data. The command and response of the
axis are first measured in the first 4 ms, and then least squares are
applied to predict the transfer function coefficients for this
displacement segment. From the identified coefficients, the next
command response segments are estimated. The obtained results
reveal a considerable potential of least squares method to identify the
system-s time-based coefficients and predict accurately the command
response as compared to measurements.
Abstract: Lately, significant work in the area of Intelligent
Manufacturing has become public and mainly applied within the
frame of industrial purposes. Special efforts have been made in the
implementation of new technologies, management and control
systems, among many others which have all evolved the field. Aware
of all this and due to the scope of new projects and the need of
turning the existing flexible ideas into more autonomous and
intelligent ones, i.e.: Intelligent Manufacturing, the present paper
emerges with the main aim of contributing to the design and analysis
of the material flow in either systems, cells or work stations under
this new “intelligent" denomination. For this, besides offering a
conceptual basis in some of the key points to be taken into account
and some general principles to consider in the design and analysis of
the material flow, also some tips on how to define other possible
alternative material flow scenarios and a classification of the states a
system, cell or workstation are offered as well. All this is done with
the intentions of relating it with the use of simulation tools, for which
these have been briefly addressed with a special focus on the Witness
simulation package. For a better comprehension, the previous
elements are supported by a detailed layout, other figures and a few
expressions which could help obtaining necessary data. Such data and
others will be used in the future, when simulating the scenarios in the
search of the best material flow configurations.
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to construct a creativity
composite index designed to capture the growing role of creativity in
driving economic and social development for the 27 European Union
countries.
The paper proposes a new approach for the measurement of EU-27
creative potential and for determining its capacity to attract and
develop creative human capital. We apply a modified version of the
3T model developed by Richard Florida and Irene Tinagli for
constructing a Euro-Creativity Index. The resulting indexes establish
a quantitative base for policy makers, supporting their efforts to
determine the contribution of creativity to economic development.
Abstract: The effect of beak trimming on behavior of two strains
of Thai native pullets kept in floor pens was studied. Six general
activities (standing, crouching, moving, comforting, roosting, and
nesting), 6 beak related activities (preening, feeding, drinking,
pecking at inedible object, feather pecking, and litter pecking), and 4
agonistic activities (head pecking, threatening, avoiding, and fighting)
were measured twice a for 15 consecutive days, started when the
pullets were 19 wk old. It was found that beak trimmed pullets drank
more frequent (P
Abstract: Group-III nitride material as particularly AlxGa1-xN is
one of promising optoelectronic materials to require for shortwavelength
devices. To achieve the high-quality AlxGa1-xN films for
a high performance of such devices, AlN-nucleation layers are the
important factor. To improve the AlN-nucleation layers with a
variation of Ga-addition, XRD measurements were conducted to
analyze the crystalline quality of the subsequent Al0.1Ga0.9N with the
minimum ω-FWHMs of (0002) and (10-10) reflections of 425 arcsec
and 750 arcsec, respectively. SEM and AFM measurements were
performed to observe the surface morphology and TEM
measurements to identify the microstructures and orientations.
Results showed that the optimized Ga-atoms in the Al(Ga)Nnucleation
layers improved the surface diffusion to form moreuniform
crystallites in structure and size, better alignment of each
crystallite, and better homogeneity of island distribution. This, hence,
improves the orientation of epilayers on the Si-surface and finally
improves the crystalline quality and reduces the residual strain of
subsequent Al0.1Ga0.9N layers.
Abstract: Pharmaceutical industries and effluents of sewage treatment plants are the main sources of residual pharmaceuticals in water resources. These emergent pollutants may adversely impact the biophysical environment. Pharmaceutical industries often generate wastewater that changes in characteristics and quantity depending on the used manufacturing processes. Carbamazepine (CBZ), {5Hdibenzo [b,f]azepine-5-carboxamide, (C15H12N2O)}, is a significant non-biodegradable pharmaceutical contaminant in the Jordanian pharmaceutical wastewater, which is not removed by the activated sludge processes in treatment plants. Activated carbon may potentially remove that pollutant from effluents, but the high cost involved suggests that more attention should be given to the potential use of low-cost materials in order to reduce cost and environmental contamination. Powders of Jordanian non-metallic raw materials namely, Azraq Bentonite (AB), Kaolinite (K), and Zeolite (Zeo) were activated (acid and thermal treatment) and evaluated by removing CBZ. The results of batch and column techniques experiments showed around 46% and 67% removal of CBZ respectively.
Abstract: The main aim of this research is to develop a methodology to encourage people's awareness, knowledge and understanding on the participation of flood management for cultural heritage, as the cooperation and interaction among government section, private section, and public section through role-play gaming simulation theory. The format of this research is to develop Role-play gaming simulation from existing documents, game or role-playing from several sources and existing data of the research site. We found that role-play gaming simulation can be implemented to help improving the understanding of the existing problem and the impact of the flood on cultural heritage, and the role-play game can be developed into the tool to improve people's knowledge, understanding and awareness about people's participation for flood management on cultural heritage, moreover the cooperation among the government, private section and public section will be improved through the theory of role-play gaming simulation.
Abstract: The approach of subset selection in polynomial
regression model building assumes that the chosen fixed full set of
predefined basis functions contains a subset that is sufficient to
describe the target relation sufficiently well. However, in most cases
the necessary set of basis functions is not known and needs to be
guessed – a potentially non-trivial (and long) trial and error process.
In our research we consider a potentially more efficient approach –
Adaptive Basis Function Construction (ABFC). It lets the model
building method itself construct the basis functions necessary for
creating a model of arbitrary complexity with adequate predictive
performance. However, there are two issues that to some extent
plague the methods of both the subset selection and the ABFC,
especially when working with relatively small data samples: the
selection bias and the selection instability. We try to correct these
issues by model post-evaluation using Cross-Validation and model
ensembling. To evaluate the proposed method, we empirically
compare it to ABFC methods without ensembling, to a widely used
method of subset selection, as well as to some other well-known
regression modeling methods, using publicly available data sets.
Abstract: The objective of this research is to study of microbial lipid production by locally photosynthetic microalgae and oleaginous yeast via integrated cultivation technique using CO2 emissions from yeast fermentation. A maximum specific growth rate of Chlorella sp. KKU-S2 of 0.284 (1/d) was obtained under an integrated cultivation and a maximum lipid yield of 1.339g/L was found after cultivation for 5 days, while 0.969g/L of lipid yield was obtained after day 6 of cultivation time by using CO2 from air. A high value of volumetric lipid production rate (QP, 0.223 g/L/d), specific product yield (YP/X, 0.194), volumetric cell mass production rate (QX, 1.153 g/L/d) were found by using ambient air CO2 coupled with CO2 emissions from yeast fermentation. Overall lipid yield of 8.33 g/L was obtained (1.339 g/L of Chlorella sp. KKU-S2 and 7.06g/L of T. maleeae Y30) while low lipid yield of 0.969g/L was found using non-integrated cultivation technique. To our knowledge this is the unique report about the lipid production from locally microalgae Chlorella sp. KKU-S2 and yeast T. maleeae Y30 in an integrated technique to improve the biomass and lipid yield by using CO2 emissions from yeast fermentation.
Abstract: Clustering in high dimensional space is a difficult
problem which is recurrent in many fields of science and
engineering, e.g., bioinformatics, image processing, pattern
reorganization and data mining. In high dimensional space some of
the dimensions are likely to be irrelevant, thus hiding the possible
clustering. In very high dimensions it is common for all the objects in
a dataset to be nearly equidistant from each other, completely
masking the clusters. Hence, performance of the clustering algorithm
decreases.
In this paper, we propose an algorithmic framework which
combines the (reduct) concept of rough set theory with the k-means
algorithm to remove the irrelevant dimensions in a high dimensional
space and obtain appropriate clusters. Our experiment on test data
shows that this framework increases efficiency of the clustering
process and accuracy of the results.
Abstract: This paper presented the potential of smart phone to
provide support on mapping the indoor asset. The advantage of using
the smart phone to generate the indoor map is that it has the ability to
capture, store and reproduces still or video images; indeed most of us
do have this powerful gadget. The captured images usually used by
maintenance team to save a record for future reference. Here, these
images are used to generate 3D models of an object precisely and
accurately for efficient and effective solution in data gathering. Thus,
it could be a resource for an informative database in asset
management.
Abstract: The study of a real function of two real variables can be supported by visualization using a Computer Algebra System (CAS). One type of constraints of the system is due to the algorithms implemented, yielding continuous approximations of the given function by interpolation. This often masks discontinuities of the function and can provide strange plots, not compatible with the mathematics. In recent years, point based geometry has gained increasing attention as an alternative surface representation, both for efficient rendering and for flexible geometry processing of complex surfaces. In this paper we present different artifacts created by mesh surfaces near discontinuities and propose a point based method that controls and reduces these artifacts. A least squares penalty method for an automatic generation of the mesh that controls the behavior of the chosen function is presented. The special feature of this method is the ability to improve the accuracy of the surface visualization near a set of interior points where the function may be discontinuous. The present method is formulated as a minimax problem and the non uniform mesh is generated using an iterative algorithm. Results show that for large poorly conditioned matrices, the new algorithm gives more accurate results than the classical preconditioned conjugate algorithm.
Abstract: Petroleum refineries discharged large amount of
wastewater -during the refining process- that contains hazardous
constituents that is hard to degrade. Anaerobic treatment process is
well known as an efficient method to degrade high strength
wastewaters. Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanker (UASB) is a
common process used for various wastewater treatments. Two UASB
reactors were set up and operated in parallel to evaluate the treatment
efficiency of petroleum refinery wastewater. In this study four
organic volumetric loading rates were applied (i.e. 0.58, 0.89, 1.21
and 2.34 kg/m3·d), two loads to each reactor. Each load was applied
for a period of 60 days for the reactor to acclimatize and reach steady
state, and then the second load applied. The chemical oxygen demand
(COD) removals were satisfactory with the removal efficiencies at the
loadings applied were 78, 82, 83 and 81 % respectively.
Abstract: This research aims to analyze the regenerative burner and the recuperative burner for the different reheating furnaces in the steel industry. The warm air temperatures of the burners are determined to suit with the sizes of the reheating furnaces by considering the air temperature, the fuel cost and the investment cost. The calculations of the payback period and the net present value are studied to compare the burners for the different reheating furnaces. The energy balance is utilized to calculate and compare the energy used in the different sizes of reheating furnaces for each burner. It is found that the warm air temperature is different if the sizes of reheating furnaces are varied. Based on the considerations of the net present value and the payback period, the regenerative burner is suitable for all plants at the same life of the burner. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of all factors has been discussed in this research.
Abstract: This paper addresses the problem of the partial state
feedback stabilization of a class of nonlinear systems. In order to
stabilization this class systems, the especial place of this paper is
to reverse designing the state feedback control law from the method
of judging system stability with the center manifold theory. First of
all, the center manifold theory is applied to discuss the stabilization
sufficient condition and design the stabilizing state control laws for a
class of nonlinear. Secondly, the problem of partial stabilization for a
class of plane nonlinear system is discuss using the lyapunov second
method and the center manifold theory. Thirdly, we investigate specially
the problem of the stabilization for a class of homogenous plane
nonlinear systems, a class of nonlinear with dual-zero eigenvalues and
a class of nonlinear with zero-center using the method of lyapunov
function with homogenous derivative, specifically. At the end of this
paper, some examples and simulation results are given show that the
approach of this paper to this class of nonlinear system is effective
and convenient.
Abstract: In order to evaluation the effects of soil organic
matter and biofertilizer on chickpea quality and biological
nitrogen fixation, field experiments were carried out in 2007
and 2008 growing seasons. In this research the effects of
different strategies for soil fertilization were investigated on
grain yield and yield component, minerals, organic compounds
and cooking time of chickpea. Experimental units were
arranged in split-split plots based on randomized complete
blocks with three replications. Main plots consisted of (G1):
establishing a mixed vegetation of Vicia panunica and
Hordeum vulgare and (G2): control, as green manure levels.
Also, five strategies for obtaining the base fertilizer
requirement including (N1): 20 t.ha-1 farmyard manure; (N2):
10 t.ha-1 compost; (N3): 75 kg.ha-1 triple super phosphate;
(N4): 10 t.ha-1 farmyard manure + 5 t.ha-1 compost and (N5):
10 t.ha-1 farmyard manure + 5 t.ha-1 compost + 50 kg.ha-1
triple super phosphate were considered in sub plots.
Furthermoree four levels of biofertilizers consisted of (B1):
Bacillus lentus + Pseudomonas putida; (B2): Trichoderma
harzianum; (B3): Bacillus lentus + Pseudomonas putida +
Trichoderma harzianum; and (B4): control (without
biofertilizers) were arranged in sub-sub plots. Results showed
that integrating biofertilizers (B3) and green manure (G1)
produced the highest grain yield. The highest amounts of yield
were obtained in G1×N5 interaction. Comparison of all 2-way
and 3-way interactions showed that G1N5B3 was determined
as the superior treatment. Significant increasing of N, P2O5,
K2O, Fe and Mg content in leaves and grains emphasized on
superiority of mentioned treatment because each one of these
nutrients has an approved role in chlorophyll synthesis and
photosynthesis abilities of the crops. The combined application
of compost, farmyard manure and chemical phosphorus (N5)
in addition to having the highest yield, had the best grain
quality due to high protein, starch and total sugar contents, low
crude fiber and reduced cooking time.
Abstract: Based on Rayleigh beam theory, the sub-impacts of a
free-free beam struck horizontally by a round-nosed rigid mass is
simulated by the finite difference method and the impact-separation
conditions. In order to obtain the sub-impact force, a uniaxial
compression elastic-plastic contact model is employed to analyze the
local deformation field on contact zone. It is found that the horizontal
impact is a complicated process including the elastic plastic
sub-impacts in sequence. There are two sub-zones of sub-impact. In
addition, it found that the elastic energy of the free-free beam is more
suitable for the Poisson collision hypothesis to explain compression
and recovery processes.
Abstract: In this paper, a nonlinear delay population model is investigated. Choosing the delay as a bifurcation parameter, we demonstrate that Hopf bifurcation will occur when the delay exceeds a critical value. Global existence of bifurcating periodic solutions is established. Numerical simulations supporting the theoretical findings are included.
Abstract: The Inter feeder Power Flow Regulator (IFPFR)
proposed in this paper consists of several voltage source inverters
with common dc bus; each inverter is connected in series with one of
different independent distribution feeders in the power system. This
paper is concerned with how to transfer power between the feeders for
load sharing purpose. The power controller of each inverter injects
the power (for sending feeder) or absorbs the power (for receiving
feeder) via injecting suitable voltage; this voltage injection is
simulated by voltage drop across series virtual impedance, the
impedance value is selected to achieve the concept of power exchange
between the feeders without perturbing the load voltage magnitude of
each feeder. In this paper a new control scheme for load sharing using
IFPFR is proposed.