Abstract: Chaiyaphum Starch Co. Ltd. is one of many starch
manufacturers that has introduced machinery to aid in manufacturing.
Even though machinery has replaced many elements and is now a
significant part in manufacturing processes, problems that must be
solved with respect to current process flow to increase efficiency still
exist. The paper-s aim is to increase productivity while maintaining
desired quality of starch, by redesigning the flipping machine-s
mechanical control system which has grossly low functional lifetime.
Such problems stem from the mechanical control system-s bearings,
as fluids and humidity can access into said bearing directly, in
tandem with vibrations from the machine-s function itself. The wheel
which is used to sense starch thickness occasionally falls from its
shaft, due to high speed rotation during operation, while the shaft
may bend from impact when processing dried bread. Redesigning its
mechanical control system has increased its efficiency, allowing
quality thickness measurement while increasing functional lifetime
an additional 62 days.
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to develop a neural
network-based residual generator to detect the fault in the actuators
for a specific communication satellite in its attitude control system
(ACS). First, a dynamic multilayer perceptron network with dynamic
neurons is used, those neurons correspond a second order linear
Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filter and a nonlinear activation
function with adjustable parameters. Second, the parameters from the
network are adjusted to minimize a performance index specified by
the output estimated error, with the given input-output data collected
from the specific ACS. Then, the proposed dynamic neural network
is trained and applied for detecting the faults injected to the wheel,
which is the main actuator in the normal mode for the communication
satellite. Then the performance and capabilities of the proposed
network were tested and compared with a conventional model-based
observer residual, showing the differences between these two
methods, and indicating the benefit of the proposed algorithm to
know the real status of the momentum wheel. Finally, the application
of the methods in a satellite ground station is discussed.
Abstract: In this paper an algorithm based on the adaptive
neuro-fuzzy controller is provided to enhance the tipover stability of
mobile manipulators when they are subjected to predefined
trajectories for the end-effector and the vehicle. The controller
creates proper configurations for the manipulator to prevent the robot
from being overturned. The optimal configuration and thus the most
favorable control are obtained through soft computing approaches
including a combination of genetic algorithm, neural networks, and
fuzzy logic. The proposed algorithm, in this paper, is that a look-up
table is designed by employing the obtained values from the genetic
algorithm in order to minimize the performance index and by using
this data base, rule bases are designed for the ANFIS controller and
will be exerted on the actuators to enhance the tipover stability of the
mobile manipulator. A numerical example is presented to
demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Abstract: The roll center is one of the key parameters for designing a suspension. Several driving characteristics are affected significantly by the migration of the roll center during the suspension-s motion. The strut/SLA (strut/short-long-arm) suspension, which is widely used in production cars, combines the space-saving characteristics of a MacPherson strut suspension with some of the preferred handling characteristics of an SLA suspension. In this study, a front strut/SLA suspension is modeled by ADAMS/Car software. Kinematic roll analysis is then employed to investigate how the rolling characteristics change under the wheel travel and steering input. The related parameters, including the roll center height, roll camber gain, toe change, scrub radius and wheel track width change, are analyzed and discussed. It is found that the strut/SLA suspension clearly has a higher roll center than strut and SLA suspensions do. The variations in the roll center height under roll analysis are very different as the wheel travel displacement and steering angle are added. The results of the roll camber gain, scrub radius and wheel track width change are considered satisfactory. However, the toe change is too large and needs fine-tuning through a sensitivity analysis.
Abstract: Electric vehicle (EV) is one of the effective solutions to
control emission of greenhouses gases in the world. It is of interest
for future transportation due to its sustainability and efficiency by
automotive manufacturers. Various electrical motors have been used
for propulsion system of electric vehicles in last decades. In this
paper brushed DC motor, Induction motor (IM), switched reluctance
motor (SRM) and brushless DC motor (BLDC) are simulated and
compared. BLDC motor is recommended for high performance
electric vehicles. PWM switching technique is implemented for speed
control of BLDC motor. Behavior of different modes of PWM speed
controller of BLDC motor are simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK.
BLDC motor characteristics are compared and discussed for various
PWM switching modes under normal and inverter fault conditions.
Comparisons and discussions are verified through simulation results.
Abstract: Due to heightened concerns over environmental and economic issues the growing important of air pollution, and the importance of conserving fossil fuel resources in the world, the automotive industry is now forced to produce more fuel efficient, low emission vehicles and new drive system technologies. One of the most promising technologies to receive attention is the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), which consists of two or more energy sources that supply energy to electric traction motors that in turn drive the wheels. This paper presents the various structures of HEV systems, the basic theoretical knowledge for describing their operation and the general behaviour of the HEV in acceleration, cruise and deceleration phases. The conventional design and sizing of a series HEV is studied. A conventional bus and its series configuration are defined and evaluated using the ADVISOR. In this section the simulation of a standard driving cycle and prediction of its fuel consumption and emissions of the HEV are discussed. Finally the bus performance is investigated to establish whether it can satisfy the performance, fuel consumption and emissions requested. The validity of the simulation has been established by the close conformity between the fuel consumption of the conventional bus reported by the manufacturer to what has achieved from the simulation.
Abstract: One of the best ways for achievement of conventional
vehicle changing to hybrid case is trustworthy simulation result and
using of driving realities. For this object, in this paper, at first sevendegree-
of-freedom dynamical model of vehicle will be shown. Then
by using of statically model of engine, gear box, clutch, differential,
electrical machine and battery, the hybrid automobile modeling will
be down and forward simulation of vehicle for pedals to wheels
power transformation will be obtained. Then by design of a fuzzy
controller and using the proper rule base, fuel economy and
regenerative braking will be marked. Finally a series of
MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation results will be proved the
effectiveness of proposed structure.
Abstract: This paper reports on a receding horizon filtering for
mobile robot systems with cross-correlated sensor noises and
uncertainties. Also, the effect of uncertain parameters in the state of
the tracking error model performance is considered. A distributed
fusion receding horizon filter is proposed. The distributed fusion
filtering algorithm represents the optimal linear combination of the
local filters under the minimum mean square error criterion. The
derivation of the error cross-covariances between the local receding
horizon filters is the key of this paper. Simulation results of the
tracking mobile robot-s motion demonstrate high accuracy and
computational efficiency of the distributed fusion receding horizon
filter.
Abstract: In this paper, a pipelined version of genetic algorithm,
called PLGA, and a corresponding hardware platform are described.
The basic operations of conventional GA (CGA) are made pipelined
using an appropriate selection scheme. The selection operator, used
here, is stochastic in nature and is called SA-selection. This helps
maintaining the basic generational nature of the proposed pipelined
GA (PLGA). A number of benchmark problems are used to compare
the performances of conventional roulette-wheel selection and the
SA-selection. These include unimodal and multimodal functions with
dimensionality varying from very small to very large. It is seen that
the SA-selection scheme is giving comparable performances with
respect to the classical roulette-wheel selection scheme, for all the
instances, when quality of solutions and rate of convergence are considered.
The speedups obtained by PLGA for different benchmarks
are found to be significant. It is shown that a complete hardware
pipeline can be developed using the proposed scheme, if parallel
evaluation of the fitness expression is possible. In this connection
a low-cost but very fast hardware evaluation unit is described.
Results of simulation experiments show that in a pipelined hardware
environment, PLGA will be much faster than CGA. In terms of
efficiency, PLGA is found to outperform parallel GA (PGA) also.
Abstract: Wheel-running type moving robot has the restriction
on the moving range caused by obstacles or stairs. Solving this
weakness, we studied the development of moving robot using airship.
Our airship robot moves by recognizing arrow marks on the path. To
have the airship robot recognize arrow marks, we used edge-based
template matching. To control propeller units, we used PID and PD
controller. The results of experiments demonstrated that the airship
robot can move along the marks and can go up and down the stairs. It is
shown the possibility that airship robot can become a robot which can
move at wide range facilities.
Abstract: Rutting is one of the major load-related distresses in airport flexible pavements. Rutting in paving materials develop gradually with an increasing number of load applications, usually appearing as longitudinal depressions in the wheel paths and it may be accompanied by small upheavals to the sides. Significant research has been conducted to determine the factors which affect rutting and how they can be controlled. Using the experimental design concepts, a series of tests can be conducted while varying levels of different parameters, which could be the cause for rutting in airport flexible pavements. If proper experimental design is done, the results obtained from these tests can give a better insight into the causes of rutting and the presence of interactions and synergisms among the system variables which have influence on rutting. Although traditionally, laboratory experiments are conducted in a controlled fashion to understand the statistical interaction of variables in such situations, this study is an attempt to identify the critical system variables influencing airport flexible pavement rut depth from a statistical DoE perspective using real field data from a full-scale test facility. The test results do strongly indicate that the response (rut depth) has too much noise in it and it would not allow determination of a good model. From a statistical DoE perspective, two major changes proposed for this experiment are: (1) actual replication of the tests is definitely required, (2) nuisance variables need to be identified and blocked properly. Further investigation is necessary to determine possible sources of noise in the experiment.
Abstract: This project relates to a two-wheeled self balancing
robot for transferring loads on different locations along a path. This
robot specifically functions as a dual mode navigation to navigate
efficiently along a desired path. First, as a plurality of distance
sensors mounted at both sides of the body for collecting information
on tilt angle of the body and second, as a plurality of speed sensors
mounted at the bottom of the body for collecting information of the
velocity of the body in relative to the ground. A microcontroller for
processing information collected from the sensors and configured to
set the path and to balance the body automatically while a processor
operatively coupled to the microcontroller and configured to compute
change of the tilt and velocity of the body. A direct current motor
operatively coupled to the microcontroller for controlling the wheels
and characterized in that a remote control is operatively coupled to
the microcontroller to operate the robot in dual navigation modes.
Abstract: A variable structure model reference adaptive control
(VS-MRAC) strategy for active steering assistance of a two wheel
steering car is proposed. An ideal steering system with fixed
properties and moving on an ideal road is used as the reference
model, and the active steering assistance system is forced to attain
the same behavior as the reference model. The proposed system can
treat the nonlinear relationships between the side slip angles and
lateral forces on tire, and the uncertainties on friction of the road
surface, whose compensation are very important under critical
situations. Simulation results show improvements on yaw rate and
side slip.
Abstract: This paper presents the modeling of a MEMS based accelerometer in order to detect the presence of a wheel flat in the railway vehicle. A haversine wheel flat is assigned to one wheel of a 5 DOF pitch plane vehicle model, which is coupled to a 3 layer track model. Based on the simulated acceleration response obtained from the vehicle-track model, an accelerometer is designed that meets all the requirements to detect the presence of a wheel flat. The proposed accelerometer can survive in a dynamic shocking environment with acceleration up to ±150g. The parameters of the accelerometer are calculated in order to achieve the required specifications using lumped element approximation and the results are used for initial design layout. A finite element analysis code (COMSOL) is used to perform simulations of the accelerometer under various operating conditions and to determine the optimum configuration. The simulated results are found within about 2% of the calculated values, which indicates the validity of lumped element approach. The stability of the accelerometer is also determined in the desired range of operation including the condition under shock.
Abstract: An active suspension system has been proposed to
improve the ride comfort. A quarter-car 2 degree-of-freedom (DOF)
system is designed and constructed on the basis of the concept of a
four-wheel independent suspension to simulate the actions of an
active vehicle suspension system. The purpose of a suspension
system is to support the vehicle body and increase ride comfort. The
aim of the work described in the paper was to illustrate the
application of fuzzy logic technique to the control of a continuously
damping automotive suspension system. The ride comfort is
improved by means of the reduction of the body acceleration caused
by the car body when road disturbances from smooth road and real
road roughness.
The paper describes also the model and controller used in the
study and discusses the vehicle response results obtained from a
range of road input simulations. In the conclusion, a comparison of
active suspension fuzzy control and Proportional Integration
derivative (PID) control is shown using MATLAB simulations.
Abstract: The effect of the discontinuity of the rail ends and the
presence of lower modulus insulation material at the gap to the
variations of stresses in the insulated rail joint (IRJ) is presented. A
three-dimensional wheel – rail contact model in the finite element
framework is used for the analysis. It is shown that the maximum stress
occurs in the subsurface of the railhead when the wheel contact occurs
far away from the rail end and migrates to the railhead surface as the
wheel approaches the rail end; under this condition, the interface
between the rail ends and the insulation material has suffered
significantly increased levels of stress concentration. The ratio of the
elastic modulus of the railhead and insulation material is found to alter
the levels of stress concentration. Numerical result indicates that a
higher elastic modulus insulating material can reduce the stress
concentration in the railhead but will generate higher stresses in the
insulation material, leading to earlier failure of the insulation material
Abstract: Let the vertices of a graph such that every two
adjacent vertices have different color is a very common problem in
the graph theory. This is known as proper coloring of graphs. The
possible number of different proper colorings on a graph with a given
number of colors can be represented by a function called the
chromatic polynomial. Two graphs G and H are said to be
chromatically equivalent, if they share the same chromatic
polynomial. A Graph G is chromatically unique, if G is isomorphic to
H for any graph H such that G is chromatically equivalent to H. The
study of chromatically equivalent and chromatically unique problems
is called chromaticity. This paper shows that a wheel W12 is
chromatically unique.
Abstract: Fuzzy controllers are potential candidates for the
control of nonlinear, time variant and also complicated systems. Anti
lock brake system (ABS) which is a nonlinear system, may not be
easily controlled by classical control methods. An intelligent Fuzzy
control method is very useful for this kind of nonlinear system. A
typical antilock brake system (ABS) by sensing the wheel lockup,
releases the brakes for a short period of time, and then reapplies again
the brakes when the wheel spins up. In this paper, an intelligent fuzzy
ABS controller is designed to adjust slipping performance for variety
of roads. There are tow major sections in the proposing control
system. First section consists of tow Fuzzy-Logic Controllers (FLC)
providing optimal brake torque for both front and rear wheels.
Second section which is also a FLC provides required amount of slip
and torque references properties for different kind of roads.
Simulation results of our proposed intelligent ABS for three different
kinds of road show more reliable and better performance in compare
with two other break systems.
Abstract: This paper presents a hybrid electric scooter model developed and simulated using Matlab/Simulink. This hybrid scooter modeled has a parallel hybrid structure. The main propulsion units consist of a two stroke internal combustion engine and a hub motor attached to the front wheel of the scooter. The methodology used to optimize the energy and fuel consumption of the hybrid electric scooter is the multi-mode approach. Various case studies were presented to check the model and were compared to the literatures. Results shown that the model developed was feasible and valuable.
Abstract: This article is an extension and a practical application
approach of Wheeler-s NEBIC theory (Net Enabled Business
Innovation Cycle). NEBIC theory is a new approach in IS research
and can be used for dynamic environment related to new technology.
Firms can follow the market changes rapidly with support of the IT
resources. Flexible firms adapt their market strategies, and respond
more quickly to customers changing behaviors. When every leading
firm in an industry has access to the same IT resources, the way that
these IT resources are managed will determine the competitive
advantages or disadvantages of firm. From Dynamic Capabilities
Perspective and from newly introduced NEBIC theory by Wheeler,
we know that only IT resources cannot deliver customer value but
good configuration of those resources can guarantee customer value
by choosing the right emerging technology, grasping the right
economic opportunities through business innovation and growth. We
found evidences in literature that SOA (Service Oriented
Architecture) is a promising emerging technology which can deliver
the desired economic opportunity through modularity, flexibility and
loose-coupling. SOA can also help firms to connect in network which
can open a new window of opportunity to collaborate in innovation
and right kind of outsourcing. There are many articles and research
reports indicates that failure rate in outsourcing is very high but at the
same time research indicates that successful outsourcing projects
adds tangible and intangible benefits to the service consumer.
Business executives and policy makers in the west should not afraid
of outsourcing but they should choose the right strategy through the
use of emerging technology to significantly reduce the failure rate in
outsourcing.