Abstract: A fuzzy classifier using multiple ellipsoids approximating decision regions for classification is to be designed in this paper. An algorithm called Gustafson-Kessel algorithm (GKA) with an adaptive distance norm based on covariance matrices of prototype data points is adopted to learn the ellipsoids. GKA is able toadapt the distance norm to the underlying distribution of the prototypedata points except that the sizes of ellipsoids need to be determined a priori. To overcome GKA's inability to determine appropriate size ofellipsoid, the genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to learn the size ofellipsoid. With GA combined with GKA, it will be shown in this paper that the proposed method outperforms the benchmark algorithms as well as algorithms in the field.
Abstract: Pollution emission levels of aircraft engines are a
nowadays high concern. Any technological advance that could reduce
emission levels is always welcome. In what concerns aircraft engines,
a possible solution for this problem could be the use of regenerators
and intercoolers. These components might reduce the specific fuel
consumption, increase efficiency and specific thrust and consequently
reduce the pollution levels of the engine. This is not a novel solution.
These heat exchangers are already is use in stationary engines. For
aircraft engines, the extra weight of the needed hardware could
overcome the fuel saved. This work compares a conventional engine
with configurations that use intercoolers and regenerators.
Abstract: The elimination of ranitidine (a pharmaceutical
compound) has been carried out in the presence of UV-C radiation.
After some preliminary experiments, it has been experienced the no
influence of the gas nature (air or oxygen) bubbled in photolytic
experiments. From simple photolysis experiments the quantum yield
of this compound has been determined. Two photolytic
approximation has been used, the linear source emission in parallel
planes and the point source emission in spherical planes. The
quantum yield obtained was in the proximity of 0.05 mol Einstein-1
regardless of the method used. Addition of free radical promoters
(hydrogen peroxide) increases the ranitidine removal rate while the
use of photocatalysts (TiO2) negatively affects the process.
Abstract: In this study, the precision heading process of
spur gears has been investigated by means of numerical
analysis. The effect of some parameters such as teeth number
and module on the forming force and material flow were
presented. The simulation works were performed rigid-plastic
finite element method using DEFORM 3D software. In order
to validate the estimated numerical results, they were
compared with those obtained experimentally during heading
of spur gear using lead as a model material. Results showed
that the optimum number of gear teeth is between 10 to 20,
that is because of being the specific pressure in its minimum
value.
Abstract: In this study, the dispersed model is used to predict
gas phase concentration, liquid drop concentration. The venturi
scrubber efficiency is calculated by gas phase concentration. The
modified model has been validated with available experimental data
of Johnstone, Field and Tasler for a range of throat gas velocities,
liquid to gas ratios and particle diameters and is used to study the
effect of some design parameters on collection efficiency.
Abstract: This article investigates a contribution of synthesized visual speech. Synthesis of visual speech expressed by a computer consists in an animation in particular movements of lips. Visual speech is also necessary part of the non-manual component of a sign language. Appropriate methodology is proposed to determine the quality and the accuracy of synthesized visual speech. Proposed methodology is inspected on Czech speech. Hence, this article presents a procedure of recording of speech data in order to set a synthesis system as well as to evaluate synthesized speech. Furthermore, one option of the evaluation process is elaborated in the form of a perceptual test. This test procedure is verified on the measured data with two settings of the synthesis system. The results of the perceptual test are presented as a statistically significant increase of intelligibility evoked by real and synthesized visual speech. Now, the aim is to show one part of evaluation process which leads to more comprehensive evaluation of the sign speech synthesis system.
Abstract: Since large power transformers are the most
expensive and strategically important components of any power
generator and transmission system, their reliability is crucially
important for the energy system operation. Also, Circuit breakers are
very important elements in the power transmission line so monitoring
the events gives a knowledgebase to determine time to the next
maintenance. This paper deals with the introduction of the
comparative method of the state estimation of transformers and
Circuit breakers using continuous monitoring of voltage, current.
This paper gives details a new method based on wavelet to apparatus
insulation monitoring. In this paper to insulation monitoring of
transformer, a new method based on wavelet transformation and
neutral point analysis is proposed. Using the EMTP tools, fault in
transformer winding and the detailed transformer winding model
were simulated. The current of neutral point of winding was analyzed
by wavelet transformation. It is shown that the neutral current of the
transformer winding has useful information about fault in insulation
of the transformer.
Abstract: Accounts of language acquisition differ significantly in their treatment of the role of prediction in language learning. In particular, nativist accounts posit that probabilistic learning about words and word sequences has little to do with how children come to use language. The accuracy of this claim was examined by testing whether distributional probabilities and frequency contributed to how well 3-4 year olds repeat simple word chunks. Corresponding chunks were the same length, expressed similar content, and were all grammatically acceptable, yet the results of the study showed marked differences in performance when overall distributional frequency varied. It was found that a distributional model of language predicted the empirical findings better than a number of other models, replicating earlier findings and showing that children attend to distributional probabilities in an adult corpus. This suggested that language is more prediction-and-error based, rather than on abstract rules which nativist camps suggest.
Abstract: Intradiscal and intervertebral pressure transducers
were developed. They were used to map the pressures in the nucleus
and within the annulus of the human spinal segments. Their stressrelaxation
were recorded over a period of time for nucleus
pressure, applied load, and peripherial strain against time. The
results show that for normal discs, pressures in the nucleus are
viscoelastic in nature with the applied compressive load.
Mechanical strains which develop around the periphery of the
vertebral body are also viscoelastic with the applied compressive
load. Applied compressive load against time also shows viscoelastic
behavior. However, annulus does not respond viscoelastically with
the applied load. It showed a linear response to compressive loading.
Abstract: Hypernetworks are a generalized graph structure
representing higher-order interactions between variables. We present a
method for self-organizing hypernetworks to learn an associative
memory of sentences and to recall the sentences from this memory.
This learning method is inspired by the “mental chemistry" model of
cognition and the “molecular self-assembly" technology in
biochemistry. Simulation experiments are performed on a corpus of
natural-language dialogues of approximately 300K sentences
collected from TV drama captions. We report on the sentence
completion performance as a function of the order of word-interaction
and the size of the learning corpus, and discuss the plausibility of this
architecture as a cognitive model of language learning and memory.
Abstract: A spanning tree of a connected graph is a tree which
consists the set of vertices and some or perhaps all of the edges from
the connected graph. In this paper, a model for spanning tree
transformation of connected graphs into single-row networks, namely
Spanning Tree of Connected Graph Modeling (STCGM) will be
introduced. Path-Growing Tree-Forming algorithm applied with
Vertex-Prioritized is contained in the model to produce the spanning
tree from the connected graph. Paths are produced by Path-Growing
and they are combined into a spanning tree by Tree-Forming. The
spanning tree that is produced from the connected graph is then
transformed into single-row network using Tree Sequence Modeling
(TSM). Finally, the single-row routing problem is solved using a
method called Enhanced Simulated Annealing for Single-Row
Routing (ESSR).
Abstract: Among all geo-hydrological relationships, rainfallrunoff
relationship is of utmost importance in any hydrological
investigation and water resource planning. Spatial variation, lag time
involved in obtaining areal estimates for the basin as a whole can
affect the parameterization in design stage as well as in planning
stage. In conventional hydrological processing of data, spatial aspect
is either ignored or interpolated at sub-basin level. Temporal
variation when analysed for different stages can provide clues for its
spatial effectiveness. The interplay of space-time variation at pixel
level can provide better understanding of basin parameters.
Sustenance of design structures for different return periods and their
spatial auto-correlations should be studied at different geographical
scales for better management and planning of water resources.
In order to understand the relative effect of spatio-temporal
variation in hydrological data network, a detailed geo-hydrological
analysis of Betwa river catchment falling in Lower Yamuna Basin is
presented in this paper. Moreover, the exact estimates about the
availability of water in the Betwa river catchment, especially in the
wake of recent Betwa-Ken linkage project, need thorough scientific
investigation for better planning. Therefore, an attempt in this
direction is made here to analyse the existing hydrological and
meteorological data with the help of SPSS, GIS and MS-EXCEL
software. A comparison of spatial and temporal correlations at subcatchment
level in case of upper Betwa reaches has been made to
demonstrate the representativeness of rain gauges. First, flows at
different locations are used to derive correlation and regression
coefficients. Then, long-term normal water yield estimates based on
pixel-wise regression coefficients of rainfall-runoff relationship have
been mapped. The areal values obtained from these maps can
definitely improve upon estimates based on point-based
extrapolations or areal interpolations.
Abstract: Location-based services (LBS) exploit the known
location of a user to provide services dependent on their geographic
context and personalized needs [1].
The development and arrival of broadband mobile data networks
supported with mobile terminals equipped with new location
technologies like GPS have finally created opportunities for
implementation of LBS applications. But, from the other side,
collecting location information data in general raises privacy
concerns.
This paper presents results from two surveys of LBS acceptance in
Croatia. The first survey was administered on 181 students, and the
second extended survey involved pattern of 180 Croatian citizens.
We developed questionnaire which consists of descriptions of 15
different applications with scale which measures perceptions and
attitudes of users towards these applications.
We report the results to identify potential commercial applications
for LBS in B2C segment. Our findings suggest that some types of
applications like emergency&safety services and navigation have
significantly higher rate of acceptance than other types.
Abstract: The biological activity of A. pullulans isolates against
species of the genus Fusarium, bacteria of the genus Azotobacter and
pseudomonads colonizing wheat kernels was evaluated. A field
experiment was carried out in 2009-2011, in north-eastern Poland.
Winter wheat (cv. Bogatka) plants were sprayed with a cell
suspension of A. pullulans at a density of 106 - 108 per cm3 water at
the stem elongation stage and the heading stage. Untreated plants
served as control. The abundance of epiphytic yeasts, bacteria of the
genus Azotobacter, pseudomonads and Fusarium pathogens on wheat
grain was estimated at harvest and after six months’ storage. The
average size of yeast communities was significantly greater on wheat
kernels treated with a cell suspension of A. pullulans, compared with
control samples. In 2010-2011, biological control reduced the
abundance of some species of the genus Fusarium.
Abstract: The higher compounded growth rates coupled with
favourable demographics in emerging markets portend abundant
opportunities for multinational organizations. With many
organizations competing for talent in these growing markets, their
ability to succeed will depend on their understanding of local
workforce needs and aspirations. Using data from the Towers Watson
2010 Global Workforce Study, this paper highlights differences in
employee engagement, turnover risks, and attraction and retention
drivers between the two markets. Apart from looking at the
traditional drivers of employee engagement, the study also explores
the value placed by employees on elements like a strong senior
leadership, managerial capabilities and career advancement
opportunities. Results reveal that emerging markets employees seem
to be more engaged and value the non-traditional elements more
highly than the developed markets employees.
Abstract: Heavy rainfall greatly affects the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft. There are many accidents of aircraft caused by aerodynamic efficiency degradation by heavy rain.
In this Paper we have studied the heavy rain effects on the aerodynamic efficiency of cambered NACA 64-210 and symmetric
NACA 0012 airfoils. Our results show significant increase in drag and decrease in lift. We used preprocessing software gridgen for creation of geometry and mesh, used fluent as solver and techplot as postprocessor. Discrete phase modeling called DPM is used to model the rain particles using two phase flow approach. The rain particles are assumed to be inert.
Both airfoils showed significant decrease in lift and increase in drag in simulated rain environment. The most significant difference between these two airfoils was the NACA 64-210 more sensitivity than NACA 0012 to liquid water content (LWC). We believe that the results showed in this paper will be useful for the designer of the commercial aircrafts and UAVs, and will be helpful for training of the pilots to control the airplanes in heavy rain.
Abstract: Nano MgO has been synthesized by hydration and
dehydration method by modifies the commercial MgO. The prepared
MgO had been investigated as a heterogeneous base catalyst for
transesterification process for biodiesel production using palm oil.
TGA, FT-IR and XRD results obtained from this study lie each other
and proved in the formation of nano MgO from decomposition of
Mg(OH)2. This study proved that the prepared nano MgO was a
better base transesterification catalyst compared to commercial MgO.
The nano MgO calcined at 600ºC had gives the highest conversion of
51.3% of palm oil to biodiesel.
Abstract: In a state-of-the-art industrial production line of
photovoltaic products the handling and automation processes are of
particular importance and implication. While processing a fully
functional crystalline solar cell an as-cut photovoltaic wafer is subject
to numerous repeated handling steps. With respect to stronger
requirements in productivity and decreasing rejections due to defects
the mechanical stress on the thin wafers has to be reduced to a
minimum as the fragility increases by decreasing wafer thicknesses.
In relation to the increasing wafer fragility, researches at the
Fraunhofer Institutes IPA and CSP showed a negative correlation
between multiple handling processes and the wafer integrity. Recent
work therefore focused on the analysis and optimization of the dry
wafer stack separation process with compressed air. The achievement
of a wafer sensitive process capability and a high production
throughput rate is the basic motivation in this research.
Abstract: In aerospace applications, interactions of airflow with
aircraft structures can result in undesirable structural deformations.
This structural deformation in turn, can be predicted if the natural
modes of the structure are known. This can be achieved through
conventional modal testing that requires a known excitation force in
order to extract these dynamic properties. This technique can be
experimentally complex because of the need for artificial excitation
and it is also does not represent actual operational condition. The
current work presents part of research work that address the practical
implementation of operational modal analysis (OMA) applied to a
cantilevered hybrid composite plate employing single contactless
sensing system via laser vibrometer. OMA technique extracts the
modal parameters based only on the measurements of the dynamic
response. The OMA results were verified with impact hammer modal
testing and good agreement was obtained.
Abstract: Ants are fascinating creatures that demonstrate the
ability to find food and bring it back to their nest. Their ability as a
colony, to find paths to food sources has inspired the development of
algorithms known as Ant Colony Systems (ACS). The principle of
cooperation forms the backbone of such algorithms, commonly used
to find solutions to problems such as the Traveling Salesman
Problem (TSP). Ants communicate to each other through chemical
substances called pheromones. Modeling individual ants- ability to
manipulate this substance can help an ACS find the best solution.
This paper introduces a Dynamic Ant Colony System with threelevel
updates (DACS3) that enhance an existing ACS. Experiments
were conducted to observe single ant behavior in a colony of
Malaysian House Red Ants. Such behavior was incorporated into the
DACS3 algorithm. We benchmark the performance of DACS3 versus
DACS on TSP instances ranging from 14 to 100 cities. The result
shows that the DACS3 algorithm can achieve shorter distance in
most cases and also performs considerably faster than DACS.