Space-Time Variation in Rainfall and Runoff: Upper Betwa Catchment
Among all geo-hydrological relationships, rainfallrunoff
relationship is of utmost importance in any hydrological
investigation and water resource planning. Spatial variation, lag time
involved in obtaining areal estimates for the basin as a whole can
affect the parameterization in design stage as well as in planning
stage. In conventional hydrological processing of data, spatial aspect
is either ignored or interpolated at sub-basin level. Temporal
variation when analysed for different stages can provide clues for its
spatial effectiveness. The interplay of space-time variation at pixel
level can provide better understanding of basin parameters.
Sustenance of design structures for different return periods and their
spatial auto-correlations should be studied at different geographical
scales for better management and planning of water resources.
In order to understand the relative effect of spatio-temporal
variation in hydrological data network, a detailed geo-hydrological
analysis of Betwa river catchment falling in Lower Yamuna Basin is
presented in this paper. Moreover, the exact estimates about the
availability of water in the Betwa river catchment, especially in the
wake of recent Betwa-Ken linkage project, need thorough scientific
investigation for better planning. Therefore, an attempt in this
direction is made here to analyse the existing hydrological and
meteorological data with the help of SPSS, GIS and MS-EXCEL
software. A comparison of spatial and temporal correlations at subcatchment
level in case of upper Betwa reaches has been made to
demonstrate the representativeness of rain gauges. First, flows at
different locations are used to derive correlation and regression
coefficients. Then, long-term normal water yield estimates based on
pixel-wise regression coefficients of rainfall-runoff relationship have
been mapped. The areal values obtained from these maps can
definitely improve upon estimates based on point-based
extrapolations or areal interpolations.
[1] M. Sivapalan, et. al "IAHS decade of predictions in ungauged basins
(PUB) 2003-12: Shaping the exciting future for hydrological sciences,"
Hydrological Sciences J., Vol. 48(6), pp. 857-880, 2003
[2] R.L. Hendrick, and G.H. Comer, "Space variations of precipitation and
implications for rain-gauge network designing". J. of Hydrology, Vol 10,
pp. 51-63, 1970.
[3] M.E. Moss, and M.R. Karlinger, "Surface water network design by
regression analysis simulation," Water Resource Research, Vol. 10(3),
pp. 427-433, 1974.
[4] M.E. Moss, and E.J. Gilroy, "Cost effective stream-gaging strategies for
the lower Colorado river basin: The Blythe Field Office Operations,"
U.S. Geological Survey Open file Report, pp. 88-1048, 1980
[5] A.K. Bora and, D.C. Goswami "Designing an optimum rain-gauge
network for estimating mean basin rainfall in the Dhansiri basin, North-
East India," Geographical Review of India, Vol. 55(3), pp. 18-24, 1993.
[6] R. Prasad, Monitoring and Forecasting of Hydrological Parameters in
the Mahanadi River Basin. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. Delhi: University
of Delhi, Department of Geography, 1996.
[7] R. Ahlawat, Water Resource Potential and Utilisation in the
Bundelkhand Region. Unpublished M. Phil Dissertation. University of
Delhi: Department of Geography, 1999.
[8] Central Ground Water Board, Hydrological and Hydrochemical Data of
National Hydrograph Network Stations in Uttar Pradesh, 1983.
Lucknow; Government of India, Ministry of Irrigation and Planning,
Department of Irrigation, Northern Region, 1985.
[9] P. Saxena, "Bundelkhand - A case study in hydrography and water
resources," Transactions of the Indian Council of Geographers, Vol. 5,
pp. 133-139, 1968.
[10] National Water Development Agency, Feasibility Report of Ken-Betwa
Link Project. New Delhi: Ministry of Water Resources, Government of
India, 1999, pp 1-142 (www. nwda.org)
[11] K. Chopra "The feasibility report of Ken-Betwa link project: An analysis
of assumptions and methodology", in Y.K. Alagh, G. Pangare, and B.
Gujja (eds.) Interlinking of Rivers in India - Overview and Ken-Betwa
Link. New Delhi: Academic Foundation, 2006, pp. 81-102.
[12] R. Ahlawat, Hydrological Data Network Analysis for Water Resource
Planning in Lower Yamuna Basin: A Case Study of Betwa River
Catchment. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. University of Delhi: Department
of Geography, 2006.
[1] M. Sivapalan, et. al "IAHS decade of predictions in ungauged basins
(PUB) 2003-12: Shaping the exciting future for hydrological sciences,"
Hydrological Sciences J., Vol. 48(6), pp. 857-880, 2003
[2] R.L. Hendrick, and G.H. Comer, "Space variations of precipitation and
implications for rain-gauge network designing". J. of Hydrology, Vol 10,
pp. 51-63, 1970.
[3] M.E. Moss, and M.R. Karlinger, "Surface water network design by
regression analysis simulation," Water Resource Research, Vol. 10(3),
pp. 427-433, 1974.
[4] M.E. Moss, and E.J. Gilroy, "Cost effective stream-gaging strategies for
the lower Colorado river basin: The Blythe Field Office Operations,"
U.S. Geological Survey Open file Report, pp. 88-1048, 1980
[5] A.K. Bora and, D.C. Goswami "Designing an optimum rain-gauge
network for estimating mean basin rainfall in the Dhansiri basin, North-
East India," Geographical Review of India, Vol. 55(3), pp. 18-24, 1993.
[6] R. Prasad, Monitoring and Forecasting of Hydrological Parameters in
the Mahanadi River Basin. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. Delhi: University
of Delhi, Department of Geography, 1996.
[7] R. Ahlawat, Water Resource Potential and Utilisation in the
Bundelkhand Region. Unpublished M. Phil Dissertation. University of
Delhi: Department of Geography, 1999.
[8] Central Ground Water Board, Hydrological and Hydrochemical Data of
National Hydrograph Network Stations in Uttar Pradesh, 1983.
Lucknow; Government of India, Ministry of Irrigation and Planning,
Department of Irrigation, Northern Region, 1985.
[9] P. Saxena, "Bundelkhand - A case study in hydrography and water
resources," Transactions of the Indian Council of Geographers, Vol. 5,
pp. 133-139, 1968.
[10] National Water Development Agency, Feasibility Report of Ken-Betwa
Link Project. New Delhi: Ministry of Water Resources, Government of
India, 1999, pp 1-142 (www. nwda.org)
[11] K. Chopra "The feasibility report of Ken-Betwa link project: An analysis
of assumptions and methodology", in Y.K. Alagh, G. Pangare, and B.
Gujja (eds.) Interlinking of Rivers in India - Overview and Ken-Betwa
Link. New Delhi: Academic Foundation, 2006, pp. 81-102.
[12] R. Ahlawat, Hydrological Data Network Analysis for Water Resource
Planning in Lower Yamuna Basin: A Case Study of Betwa River
Catchment. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. University of Delhi: Department
of Geography, 2006.
@article{"International Journal of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences:53463", author = "Ritu Ahlawat", title = "Space-Time Variation in Rainfall and Runoff: Upper Betwa Catchment", abstract = "Among all geo-hydrological relationships, rainfallrunoff
relationship is of utmost importance in any hydrological
investigation and water resource planning. Spatial variation, lag time
involved in obtaining areal estimates for the basin as a whole can
affect the parameterization in design stage as well as in planning
stage. In conventional hydrological processing of data, spatial aspect
is either ignored or interpolated at sub-basin level. Temporal
variation when analysed for different stages can provide clues for its
spatial effectiveness. The interplay of space-time variation at pixel
level can provide better understanding of basin parameters.
Sustenance of design structures for different return periods and their
spatial auto-correlations should be studied at different geographical
scales for better management and planning of water resources.
In order to understand the relative effect of spatio-temporal
variation in hydrological data network, a detailed geo-hydrological
analysis of Betwa river catchment falling in Lower Yamuna Basin is
presented in this paper. Moreover, the exact estimates about the
availability of water in the Betwa river catchment, especially in the
wake of recent Betwa-Ken linkage project, need thorough scientific
investigation for better planning. Therefore, an attempt in this
direction is made here to analyse the existing hydrological and
meteorological data with the help of SPSS, GIS and MS-EXCEL
software. A comparison of spatial and temporal correlations at subcatchment
level in case of upper Betwa reaches has been made to
demonstrate the representativeness of rain gauges. First, flows at
different locations are used to derive correlation and regression
coefficients. Then, long-term normal water yield estimates based on
pixel-wise regression coefficients of rainfall-runoff relationship have
been mapped. The areal values obtained from these maps can
definitely improve upon estimates based on point-based
extrapolations or areal interpolations.", keywords = "Catchment's runoff estimates, influence area
regional regression coefficients, runoff yield series,", volume = "4", number = "11", pages = "539-7", }