Abstract: There are several methods to monitor software
projects and the objective for monitoring is to ensure that the
software projects are developed and delivered successfully. A
performance measurement is a method that is closely associated with
monitoring and it can be scrutinized by looking at two important
attributes which are efficiency and effectiveness both of which are
factors that are important for the success of a software project.
Consequently, a successful steering is achieved by monitoring and
controlling a software project via the performance measurement
criteria and metrics. Hence, this paper is aimed at identifying the
performance measurement criteria and the metrics for monitoring the
performance of a software project by using the Goal Question
Metrics (GQM) approach. The GQM approach is utilized to ensure
that the identified metrics are reliable and useful. These identified
metrics are useful guidelines for project managers to monitor the
performance of their software projects.
Abstract: In MANET, mobile nodes communicate with each
other using the wireless channel where transmission takes place with
significant interference. The wireless medium used in MANET is a
shared resource used by all the nodes available in MANET. Packet
reserving is one important resource management scheme which
controls the allocation of bandwidth among multiple flows through
node cooperation in MANET. This paper proposes packet reserving
and clogging control via Routing Aware Packet Reserving (RAPR)
framework in MANET. It mainly focuses the end-to-end routing
condition with maximal throughput. RAPR is complimentary system
where the packet reserving utilizes local routing information
available in each node. Path setup in RAPR estimates the security
level of the system, and symbolizes the end-to-end routing by
controlling the clogging. RAPR reaches the packet to the destination
with high probability ratio and minimal delay count. The standard
performance measures such as network security level,
communication overhead, end-to-end throughput, resource utilization
efficiency and delay measure are considered in this work. The results
reveals that the proposed packet reservation and clogging control via
Routing Aware Packet Reserving (RAPR) framework performs well
for the above said performance measures compare to the existing
methods.
Abstract: The organizations of European and Czech critical
infrastructure have specific position, mission, characteristics and
behaviour in European Union and Czech state/business environments,
regarding specific requirements for regional and global security
environments. They must respect policy of national security and
global rules, requirements and standards in all their inherent and
outer processes of supply - customer chains and networks. A
controlling is generalized capability to have control over situational
policy. This paper aims and purposes are to introduce the controlling
as quite new necessary process attribute providing for critical
infrastructure is environment the capability and profit to achieve its
commitment regarding to the effectiveness of the quality
management system in meeting customer/ user requirements and also
the continual improvement of critical infrastructure organization’s
processes overall performance and efficiency, as well as its societal
security via continual planning improvement via DYVELOP
modelling.
Abstract: This paper deals with a protection of the national and
European infrastructure. It is issue nowadays. The paper deals with
the perspectives and possibilities of "smart solutions" to critical
infrastructure protection. The research project deals with computers
aided technologies are used from the perspective of new, better
protection of selected infrastructure objects. Protection is focused on
communication and information channels. These communication and
information channels are very important for the functioning of the
system of protection of critical infrastructure elements.
Abstract: Lead (Pb) poisoning is one of the most common and
preventable environmental health problems. There are different
sources of environmental pollution with lead as lead alkyl additives
in petrol and manufacturing processes. Pb in the atmosphere can be
deposited in urban soils, and may then be re-suspended to re-enter the
atmosphere. This could increase human exposure to Pb and cause
long-term health effects. Thus, monitoring Pb pollution is considered
one of the major tasks in controlling pollution. Scalp hair can be
utilized for the determination of lead (Pb) concentration. It provides a
lasting record of metal intakes of weeks or even months, and for most
metals, their accumulation in hair reflects their accumulation in the
whole body. This work was conducted to investigate the
concentration of lead in male scalp hair of Cairo (residential-traffic
and residential-industrial) and rural residents after twenty years of
phasing out of leaded gasoline. Results indicated that the mean
concentration of lead in hair of residential-traffic (9.7552 μg/g ±0.71)
and residential-industrial (12.3288 μg/g ±1.13) was significantly
higher than that in rural residents (4.7327 μg/g ±0.67). The mean
concentration of lead in hair of resident’s industrial areas was the
highest among Cairo residents and not the traffic areas as it was
before phasing out of leaded gasoline. Twenty years of phasing out of
leaded gasoline in Cairo has greatly improved the lead pollution
among residents of traffic areas, but industrial areas residents were
still suffering from lead pollution, which needs more efforts to
control the sources of lead pollution.
Abstract: Assistive robotics are playing a vital role in advancing the quality of life for disable people. There exist wide range of systems that can control and guide autonomous mobile robots. The objective of the control system is to guide an autonomous mobile robot using the movement of eyes by means of EOG signal. The EOG signal is acquired using Ag/AgCl electrodes and this signal is processed by a microcontroller unit to calculate the eye gaze direction. Then according to the guidance control strategy, the control commands of the wheelchair are sent. The classification of different eye movements allows us to generate simple code for controlling the wheelchair. This work was aimed towards developing a usable and low-cost assistive robotic wheel chair system for disabled people. To live more independent life, the system can be used by the handicapped people especially those with only eye-motor coordination.
Abstract: The aim of this research is to design and implement line-tracking mobile robot. The robot must follow a line drawn on the floor with different color, avoids hitting moving object like another moving robot or walking people and achieves color sensing. The control system reacts by controlling each of the motors to keep the tracking sensor over the middle of the line. Proximity sensors used to avoid hitting moving objects that may pass in front of the robot. The programs have been written using micro c instructions, then converted into PIC16F887 ATmega48/88/168 microcontrollers counterparts. Practical simulations show that the walking robot accurately achieves line following action and exactly recognizes the colors and avoids any obstacle in front of it.
Abstract: Outrigger-braced wall systems are commonly used to provide high rise buildings with the required lateral stiffness for wind and earthquake resistance. The existence of outriggers adds to the stiffness and strength of walls as reported by several studies. The effects of different parameters on the elasto-plastic dynamic behavior of outrigger-braced wall systems to earthquakes are investigated in this study. Parameters investigated include outrigger stiffness, concrete strength, and reinforcement arrangement as the main design parameters in wall design. In addition to being significantly affect the wall behavior, such parameters may lead to the change of failure mode and the delay of crack propagation and consequently failure as the wall is excited by earthquakes. Bi-linear stress-strain relation for concrete with limited tensile strength and truss members with bi-linear stress-strain relation for reinforcement were used in the finite element analysis of the problem. The famous earthquake record, El-Centro, 1940 is used in the study. Emphasize was given to the lateral drift, normal stresses and crack pattern as behavior controlling determinants. Results indicated significant effect of the studied parameters such that stiffer outrigger, higher grade concrete and concentrating the reinforcement at wall edges enhance the behavior of the system. Concrete stresses and cracking behavior are too much enhanced while less drift improvements are observed.
Abstract: In this paper we deal with using Lego Mindstorms in
simulation of robotic systems with respect to cost reduction. Lego
Mindstorms kit contains broad variety of hardware components
which are required to simulate, program and test the robotics systems
in practice. Algorithm programming went in development
environment supplied together with Lego kit as in programming
language C# as well. Algorithm following the line, which we dealt
with in this paper, uses theoretical findings from area of controlling
circuits. PID controller has been chosen as controlling circuit whose
individual components were experimentally adjusted for optimal
motion of robot tracking the line. Data which are determined to
process by algorithm are collected by sensors which scan the
interface between black and white surfaces followed by robot. Based
on discovered facts Lego Mindstorms can be considered for low-cost
and capable kit to simulate real robotics systems.
Abstract: In this paper will be discussed two coin´s sides
of crisis scenarios dynamics. On the one's side is negative role
of subsidiary scenario branches in its compactness weakening
by means unduly chaotic atomizing, having many interactive
feedbacks cases, increasing a value of a complexity here.
This negative role reflects the complexity of use cases, weakening
leader compliancy, which brings something as a ´readiness
for controlling capabilities provision´. Leader´s dissatisfaction has
zero compliancy, but factual it is a ´crossbar´ (interface in fact)
between planning and executing use cases. On the other side of this
coin, an advantage of rich scenarios embranchment is possible to see
in a support of response awareness, readiness, preparedness,
adaptability, creativity and flexibility. Here rich scenarios
embranchment contributes to the steadiness and resistance of scenario
mission actors. These all will be presented in live power-points
´Blazons´, modelled via DYVELOP (Dynamic Vector Logistics
of Processes) on the Conference.
Abstract: The advent of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) is giving rise to a new family of power electronic equipment emerging for controlling and optimizing the performance of power system, e.g. STATCOM. Static synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) is a commonly used FACTS device and has been successfully applied in power systems. In this sense, superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) in integration with a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is capable of supplying power systems with both active and reactive powers simultaneously and very rapidly, and thus is able to enhance the security dramatically. In this paper the structure and characteristics of the STATCOM/SMES is proposed. In addition, using a proper control scheme, STATCOM/ SMES is tested on an IEEE 3-bus system and more effective performance of the presented STATCOM/SMES compensator is evaluated with alone STATCOM through the dynamic simulation by using PSCAD/EMTDC software.
Abstract: In this paper, a 2DOF (two degrees of freedom) PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controller based on MPC (Model predictive control) algorithm fo slip suppression of EV (Electric Vehicle) under braking is proposed. The proposed method aims to improve the safety and the stability of EVs under braking by controlling the wheel slip ration. There also include numerical simulation results to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine the
relationships between objectively measured physical activity levels
(PALs), enjoyment of physical activity (EPA), and body mass index
(BMI) among adolescents. A total of 188 12-14-year-old Bruneian
secondary school adolescents (88 boys and 100 girls) voluntarily took
part in this study. Subjects wore the RT3 accelerometer for seven
consecutive days in order to measure their PALs. Times of students’
engagement in total (TPA), light (LPA), moderate (MPV), and
vigorous PA (VPA) were obtained from the accelerometer. Their
BMIs were calculated from their body height and weight. Physical
Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) was administrated to obtain their
EPA levels. Four key enjoyment factors including fun factors,
positive perceptions, unexciting in doing activities, and negative
perceptions were identified. Subjects’ social economic status (SES)
was provided by school administration. Results show that all the
adolescents did not meet the recommended PA guidelines even
though boys were engaged in more MVPA than girls. No
relationships were found between BMI and all PALs in both boys and
girls. BMI was significantly related to the PACES scores (r = -.22, p
= 0.01), fun factors (r = -.20, p = 0.05) and positive perceptions (r =-
.21, p < 0.05). The PACES scores were significantly related to LPA
(r = .18, p = 0.01) but not related to MVPA (r = .04, p > 0.05). After
controlling for age and SES, BMI was only significantly related to
the PACES scores in girls (r = -.27, p < .01) but boys (r = -.06, p >
0.05). Fun factors were significantly related to LPA and MVPA (p
Abstract: Systems running these days are huge, complex and exist in many versions. Controlling these versions and tracking their changes became a very hard process as some versions are created using meaningless names or specifications. Many versions of a system are created with no clear difference between them. This leads to mismatching between a user’s request and the version he gets. In this paper, we present a system versions meta-modeling approach that produces versions based on system’s features. This model reduced the number of steps needed to configure a release and gave each version its unique specifications. This approach is applicable for systems that use features in its specification.
Abstract: Nitrogen is among the main nutrients encouraging the growth of organic matter and algae which cause eutrophication in water bodies. Therefore, its removal from wastewater has become a worldwide emerging concern. In this research, an innovative Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) system named “moving bed membrane bioreactor (MBMBR)” was developed and investigated under intermittently-aerated mode for simultaneous removal of organic carbon and nitrogen.
Results indicated that the variation of the intermittently aerated duration did not have an apparent impact on COD and NH4+–N removal rate, yielding the effluent with average COD and NH4+–N removal efficiency of more than 92 and 91% respectively. However, in the intermittently aerated cycle of (continuously aeration/0s mix), (aeration 90s/mix 90s) and (aeration 90s/mix 180s); the average TN removal efficiency was 67.6%, 69.5% and 87.8% respectively. At the same time, their nitrite accumulation rate was 4.5%, 49.1% and 79.4% respectively. These results indicate that the intermittently aerated mode is an efficient way to controlling the nitrification to stop at nitrition; and also the length of anoxic duration is a key factor in improving TN removal.
Abstract: This paper discusses the performance of critical
trajectory method (CTrj) for power system transient stability analysis
under various loading settings and heavy fault condition. The method
obtains Controlling Unstable Equilibrium Point (CUEP) which is
essential for estimation of power system stability margins. The CUEP
is computed by applying the CTrjto the boundary controlling unstable
equilibrium point (BCU) method. The Proposed method computes a
trajectory on the stability boundary that starts from the exit point and
reaches CUEP under certain assumptions. The robustness and
effectiveness of the method are demonstrated via six power system
models and five loading conditions. As benchmark is used
conventional simulation method whereas the performance is compared
with and BCU Shadowing method.
Abstract: With the current rise in the demand of electrical energy, present-day power systems which are large and complex, will continue to grow in both size and complexity. Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) controllers provide new facilities, both in steady state power flow control and dynamic stability control. Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) is one of FACTS equipment, which is used for power flow control of active power in electric power system and for increase of capacities of transmission lines. In this paper, a Backstepping Power Flow Controller (BPFC) for TCSC in multimachine power system is developed and tested. The simulation results show that the TCSC proposed controller is capable of controlling the transmitted active power and improving the transient stability when compared with conventional PI Power Flow Controller (PIPFC).
Abstract: The problem of magnetohydrodynamics boundary layer flow and heat transfer on a permeable stretching surface in a second grade nanofluid under the effect of heat generation and partial slip is studied theoretically. The Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects are also considered. The boundary layer equations governed by the PDE’s are transformed into a set of ODE’s with the help of local similarity transformations. The differential equations are solved by variational finite element method. The effects of different controlling parameters on the flow field and heat transfer characteristics are examined. The numerical results for the dimensionless velocity, temperature and nanoparticle volume fraction as well as the reduced Nusselt and Sherwood number have been presented graphically. The comparison confirmed excellent agreement. The present study is of great interest in coating and suspensions, cooling of metallic plate, oils and grease, paper production, coal water or coal-oil slurries, heat exchangers technology, materials processing exploiting.
Abstract: Most ZigBee sensor networks to date make use of nodes with limited processing, communication, and energy capabilities. Energy consumption is of great importance in wireless sensor applications as their nodes are commonly battery-driven. Once ZigBee nodes are deployed outdoors, limited power may make a sensor network useless before its purpose is complete. At present, there are two strategies for long node and network lifetime. The first strategy is saving energy as much as possible. The energy consumption will be minimized through switching the node from active mode to sleep mode and routing protocol with ultra-low energy consumption. The second strategy is to evaluate the energy consumption of sensor applications as accurately as possible. Erroneous energy model may render a ZigBee sensor network useless before changing batteries.
In this paper, we present a ZigBee wireless sensor node with four key modules: a processing and radio unit, an energy harvesting unit, an energy storage unit, and a sensor unit. The processing unit uses CC2530 for controlling the sensor, carrying out routing protocol, and performing wireless communication with other nodes. The harvesting unit uses a 2W solar panel to provide lasting energy for the node. The storage unit consists of a rechargeable 1200 mAh Li-ion battery and a battery charger using a constant-current/constant-voltage algorithm. Our solution to extend node lifetime is implemented. Finally, a long-term sensor network test is used to exhibit the functionality of the solar powered system.
Abstract: Cooperative communication provides transmit diversity, even when, due to size constraints, mobile units cannot accommodate multiple antennas. A versatile cooperation method called coded cooperation has been developed, in which cooperation is implemented through channel coding with a view to controlling the errors inherent in wireless communication. In this work we evaluate the performance of coded cooperation in flat Rayleigh fading environment using a concept known as the pair wise error probability (PEP). We derive the PEP for a flat fading scenario in coded cooperation and then compare with the signal-to-noise ratio of the users in the network. Results show that an increase in the SNR leads to a decrease in the PEP. We also carried out simulations to validate the result.