Abstract: BioEnergy is an archetypal appropriate technology
and alternate source of energy in rural areas of China, and can meet
the basic need for cooking fuel in rural areas. The paper introduces
with an alternate mean of research that can accelerate the biogas
energy production. Tithonia diversifolia or the Tree marigold can be
hailed as mesophillic anaerobic digestion to increase the production
of more Bioenergy. Tithonia diversifolia is very native to Mexico and
Central America, which can be served as ornamental plants- green
manure and can prevent soil erosion. Tithonia diversifolia is widely
grown and known to Asia, Africa, America and Australia as well.
Nowadays, Considering China’s geographical condition it is found
that Tithonia diversifolia is widely growing plant in the many tropical
and subtropical regions of southern Yunnan- which can have great
usage in accelerating and increasing the Bioenergy production
technology. The paper discussed aiming at proving possibility that
Tithonia diversifolia can be applied in biogas fermentation and its
biogas production potential, the research carried experiment on
Tithonia diversifolia biogas fermentation under the mesophilic
condition (35 Celsius Degree). The result revealed that Tithonia
diversifolia can be used as biogas fermentative material, and 6%
concentration can get the best biogas production, with the TS biogas
production rate 656mL/g and VS biogas production rate 801mL/g. It
is well addressed that Tithonia diversifolia grows wildly in 53
Counties and 9 cities of Yunnan Province, which mainly grows in
form of the road side plants, the edge of the field, countryside, forest
edge, open space; of which demersum-natures can form dense
monospecific beds -causing serious harm to agricultural production
landforms threatening the ecological system as a potentially harmful
exotic plant. There are also found the three types of invasive daisy
alien plants -Eupatorium adenophorum, Eupatorium Odorata and
Tithonia diversifolia in Yunnan Province of China-among them the
Tithonia diversifolia is responsible for causing serious harm to
agricultural production. In this paper we have designed the
experimental explanation of Biogas energy production that requires
anaerobic environment and some microbes; Tithonia diversifolia
plant has been taken into consideration while carrying experiments
and with successful resulting of generating more BioEnergy
emphasizing on the practical applications of Tithonia diversifolia.
This paper aims at- to find a new mechanism to provide a more
scientific basis for the development of this plant herbicides in Biogas
energy and to improve the utilization throughout the world as well.
Abstract: A generalised relational data model is formalised for
the representation of data with nested structure of arbitrary depth. A
recursive algebra for the proposed model is presented. All the
operations are formally defined. The proposed model is proved to be
a superset of the conventional relational model (CRM). The
functionality and validity of the model is shown by a prototype
implementation that has been undertaken in the functional
programming language Miranda.
Abstract: The need for micromechanical inertial sensors is increasing
in future electronic stability control (ESC) and other positioning,
navigation and guidance systems. Due to the rising density of
sensors in automotive and consumer devices the goal is not only to get
high performance, robustness and smaller package sizes, but also to
optimize the energy management of the overall sensor system. This
paper presents an evaluation concept for a surface micromachined
yaw rate sensor. Within this evaluation concept an energy-efficient
operation of the drive mode of the yaw rate sensor is enabled. The
presented system concept can be realized within a power management
subsystem.
Abstract: There are many virtual payment systems available to
conduct micropayments. It is essential that the protocols satisfy the
highest standards of correctness. This paper examines the Netpay
Protocol [3], provide its formalization as automata model, and prove
two important correctness properties, namely absence of deadlock
and validity of an ecoin during the execution of the protocol. This
paper assumes a cooperative customer and will prove that the
protocol is executing according to its description.
Abstract: The liquid cargo contained in a partly-filled road tank
vehicle is prone to dynamic slosh movement when subjected to
external disturbances. The slosh behavior has been identified as a
significant factor impairing the safety of liquid cargo transportation.
The laboratory experiments have been conducted for analyzing fluid
slosh in partly filled tanks. The experiment results measured under
forced harmonic excitations reveal the three-dimensional nature of
the fluid motion and coupling between the lateral and longitudinal
fluid slosh at resonance. Several spectral components are observed
for the transient slosh forces, which can be associated with the
excitation, resonance, and beat frequencies. The peak slosh forces
and moments in the vicinity of resonance are significantly larger than
those of the equivalent rigid mass. Due to the nature of coupling
between sloshing fluid and vehicle body, the issue of the dynamic
fluid-structure interaction is essential in the analysis of tank-vehicle
dynamics. A dynamic pitch plane model of a Tridem truck
incorporated the fluid slosh dynamics is developed to analyze the
fluid-vehicle interaction under the straight-line braking maneuvers.
The results show that the vehicle responses are highly associated
with the characteristics of fluid slosh force and moment.
Abstract: Global competition is tightening and companies have
to think how to remain competitive. The main aim of this paper is to
discuss how Finnish foundries will remain competitive. To fulfil the
aim, we conducted interviews in nine companies using castings and
analysed buyer–supplier relationships, current competitive
advantages of Finnish foundries and customer perspectives on how
Finnish foundries remain competitive. We found that the customerfoundry
relationship is still closer to traditional subcontracting than
partnering and general image of foundries is negative. Current
competitive advantages of Finnish foundries include designing
cooperation, proximity and flexibility. Casting users state that
Finnish foundries should sell their know-how and services instead of
their capacity, concentrate on prototype, single and short series
castings and supply ready-to-install cast components directly to
customers- assembly lines.
Abstract: The development of aid's systems for the medical
diagnosis is not easy thing because of presence of inhomogeneities in
the MRI, the variability of the data from a sequence to the other as
well as of other different source distortions that accentuate this
difficulty. A new automatic, contextual, adaptive and robust
segmentation procedure by MRI brain tissue classification is
described in this article. A first phase consists in estimating the
density of probability of the data by the Parzen-Rozenblatt method.
The classification procedure is completely automatic and doesn't
make any assumptions nor on the clusters number nor on the
prototypes of these clusters since these last are detected in an
automatic manner by an operator of mathematical morphology called
skeleton by influence zones detection (SKIZ). The problem of
initialization of the prototypes as well as their number is transformed
in an optimization problem; in more the procedure is adaptive since it
takes in consideration the contextual information presents in every
voxel by an adaptive and robust non parametric model by the
Markov fields (MF). The number of bad classifications is reduced by
the use of the criteria of MPM minimization (Maximum Posterior
Marginal).
Abstract: The presented paper shows the possibility of using
holographic interferometry for measurement of temperature field in
moving fluids. There are a few methods for identification of velocity
fields in fluids, such us LDA, PIV, hot wire anemometry. It is very
difficult to measure the temperature field in moving fluids. One of the
often used methods is Constant Current Anemometry (CCA), which
is a point temperature measurement method. Data are possibly
acquired at frequencies up to 1000Hz. This frequency should be
limiting factor for using of CCA in fluid when fast change of
temperature occurs. This shortcoming of CCA measurements should
be overcome by using of optical methods such as holographic
interferometry. It is necessary to employ a special holographic setup
with double sensitivity instead of the commonly used Mach-Zehnder
type of holographic interferometer in order to attain the parameters
sufficient for the studied case. This setup is not light efficient like the
Mach-Zehnder type but has double sensitivity. The special technique
of acquiring and phase averaging of results from holographic
interferometry is also presented. The results from the holographic
interferometry experiments will be compared with the temperature
field achieved by methods CCA method.
Abstract: Double heterogeneity of randomly located pebbles in
the core and Coated Fuel Particles (CFPs) in the pebbles are specific
features in pebble bed reactors and usually, because of difficulty to
model with MCNP code capabilities, are neglected. In this study,
characteristics of HTR-10, Tsinghua University research reactor, are
used and not only double heterogeneous but also truncated CFPs and
Pebbles are considered.Firstly, 8335 CFPs are distributed randomly
in a pebble and then the core of reactor is filled with those pebbles
and graphite pebbles as moderator such that 57:43 ratio of fuel and
moderator pebbles is established.Finally, four different core
configurations are modeled. They are Simple Cubic (SC) structure
with truncated pebbles,SC structure without truncated pebble, and
Simple Hexagonal(SH) structure without truncated pebbles and SH
structure with truncated pebbles. Results like effective multiplication
factor (Keff), critical height,etc. are compared with available data.
Abstract: Absorption and fluorescence spectra of quinine
sulphate (QSD) have been recorded at room temperature in wide
range of solvents of different polarities. The ground-state dipole
moment of QSD was obtained from quantum mechanical calculations
and the excited state dipole moment of QSD was estimated from
Bakhshiev-s and Kawski-Chamma-Viallet-s equations by means of
solvatochromic shift method. Higher value of dipole moment is
observed for excited state as compared to the corresponding ground
state value and this is attributed to the more polar excited state of
QSD.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to develop safety practices which is suitable for Thai industrial operators from Incident and Injury Free, IIF to create safety behavior and reduce the un-safe records in the petroleum industry. A number of 310 technicians i.e., 295 males and 15 females, in service maintenance section participated in this program. The safety attitude level and safety behavior level for pre-attended and post-attended the developed safety practices of the technicians were evaluated using questionnaire procedure and on-site observation. After applied the developed practice program, both of the safety attitudes and safety behavior were increased to be at very good level and good level, respectively. Evaluating the follow-up unsafe records, it was found that the injury was reduced from 0.11 to 0 case/month, the medical treatment case was reduced from 0.22 to 0 case/month and the first aid case was reduced from 1 to 0.33 case/month. The developed safety working practice was successfully implemented to Thai industrial operators.
Abstract: A subjectively influenced router for vehicles in a fourjunction
traffic system is presented. The router is based on a 3-layer
Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN) and a greedy routing
procedure. The BPNN detects priorities of vehicles based on the
subjective criteria. The subjective criteria and the routing procedure
depend on the routing plan towards vehicles depending on the user.
The routing procedure selects vehicles from their junctions based on
their priorities and route them concurrently to the traffic system. That
is, when the router is provided with a desired vehicles selection
criteria and routing procedure, it routes vehicles with a reasonable
junction clearing time. The cost evaluation of the router determines
its efficiency. In the case of a routing conflict, the router will route
the vehicles in a consecutive order and quarantine faulty vehicles.
The simulations presented indicate that the presented approach is an
effective strategy of structuring a subjective vehicle router.
Abstract: The paper proposes a new concept in developing
collaborative design system. The concept framework involves
applying simulation of supply chain management to collaborative
design called – 'SCM–Based Design Tool'. The system is developed
particularly to support design activities and to integrate all facilities
together. The system is aimed to increase design productivity and
creativity. Therefore, designers and customers can collaborate by the
system since conceptual design. JAG: Jewelry Art Generator based
on artificial intelligence techniques is integrated into the system.
Moreover, the proposed system can support users as decision tool
and data propagation. The system covers since raw material supply
until product delivery. Data management and sharing information are
visually supported to designers and customers via user interface. The
system is developed on Web–assisted product development
environment. The prototype system is presented for Thai jewelry
industry as a system prototype demonstration, but applicable for
other industry.
Abstract: This paper provides an overview of auction theory
literature. We present a general review on literature of various
auctions and focus ourselves specifically on an English auction. We
are interested in modelling bidder-s behavior in an English auction
environment. And hence, we present an overview of the New Zealand
wool auction followed by a model that would describe a bidder-s
decision making behavior from the New Zealand wool auction. The
mathematical assumptions in an English auction environment are
demonstrated from the perspective of the New Zealand wool auction.
Abstract: Existing methods in which the animation data of all frames are stored and reproduced as with vertex animation cannot be used in mobile device environments because these methods use large amounts of the memory. So 3D animation data reduction methods aimed at solving this problem have been extensively studied thus far and we propose a new method as follows. First, we find and remove frames in which motion changes are small out of all animation frames and store only the animation data of remaining frames (involving large motion changes). When playing the animation, the removed frame areas are reconstructed using the interpolation of the remaining frames. Our key contribution is to calculate the accelerations of the joints of individual frames and the standard deviations of the accelerations using the information of joint locations in the relevant 3D model in order to find and delete frames in which motion changes are small. Our methods can reduce data sizes by approximately 50% or more while providing quality which is not much lower compared to original animations. Therefore, our method is expected to be usefully used in mobile device environments or other environments in which memory sizes are limited.
Abstract: Steel surface defect detection is essentially one of
pattern recognition problems. Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are
known as one of the most proper classifiers in this application. In this
paper, we introduce a more accurate classification method by using
SVMs as our final classifier of the inspection system. In this scheme,
multiclass classification task is performed based on the "one-againstone"
method and different kernels are utilized for each pair of the
classes in multiclass classification of the different defects.
In the proposed system, a decision tree is employed in the first
stage for two-class classification of the steel surfaces to "defect" and
"non-defect", in order to decrease the time complexity. Based on
the experimental results, generated from over one thousand images,
the proposed multiclass classification scheme is more accurate than
the conventional methods and the overall system yields a sufficient
performance which can meet the requirements in steel manufacturing.
Abstract: The purposes of researches - to estimate implicit ethnic attitudes by direct and indirect methods, to determine the accordance of two types measuring, to investigate influence of task type used in an experiment, on the results of measuring, as well as to determine a presence or communication between recent episodic events and chronologic correlations of ethnic attitudes. Method of the implicit measuring - an evaluative priming (EPT) carried out with the use of different SOA intervals, explicit methods of research are G.Soldatova-s types of ethnic identity, G.Soldatova-s index of tolerance, E.Bogardus scale of social distance. During five stages of researches received results open some aspects of implicit measuring, its correlation with the results of self-reports on different SOA intervals, connection of implicit measuring with emotional valence of episodic events of participants and other indexes, presenting a contribution to the decision of implicit measuring application problem for study of different social constructs
Abstract: In MPEG and H.26x standards, to eliminate the
temporal redundancy we use motion estimation. Given that the
motion estimation stage is very complex in terms of computational
effort, a hardware implementation on a re-configurable circuit is
crucial for the requirements of different real time multimedia
applications. In this paper, we present hardware architecture for
motion estimation based on "Full Search Block Matching" (FSBM)
algorithm. This architecture presents minimum latency, maximum
throughput, full utilization of hardware resources such as embedded
memory blocks, and combining both pipelining and parallel
processing techniques. Our design is described in VHDL language,
verified by simulation and implemented in a Stratix II
EP2S130F1020C4 FPGA circuit. The experiment result show that the
optimum operating clock frequency of the proposed design is 89MHz
which achieves 160M pixels/sec.
Abstract: In this note, the robust static output feedback
stabilisation of an induction machine is addressed. The machine is
described by a non homogenous bilinear model with structural
uncertainties, and the feedback gain is computed via an iterative LMI
(ILMI) algorithm.
Abstract: In this contribution a newly developed e-learning environment is presented, which incorporates Intelligent Agents and Computational Intelligence Techniques. The new e-learning environment is constituted by three parts, the E-learning platform Front-End, the Student Questioner Reasoning and the Student Model Agent. These parts are distributed geographically in dispersed computer servers, with main focus on the design and development of these subsystems through the use of new and emerging technologies. These parts are interconnected in an interoperable way, using web services for the integration of the subsystems, in order to enhance the user modelling procedure and achieve the goals of the learning process.