Abstract: The report focuses on such an important indicator of the nature and direction of development of ethnic and cultural processes in the Republic of Kazakhstan, as ethno linguistic situation. It is shown that, in essence, on the one hand, expresses the degree of the actual propagation and the level of use of the languages of the various ethnic communities. On the other hand, reflects the important patterns, trends and prospects of ethno-cultural and ethnodemographic processes in the Republic. It is important to note that the ethno linguistic situation in different regions of Kazakhstan, due to its more dynamic and much more difficult to demonstrate a much greater variety of options when compared with the ethnic situation in the country. For the two major ethnic groups of the republic – Kazakh and Russian language ethno differentiating retains its value, while for the other ethnic groups observed decline in the importance of this indicator. As you know, the language of international communication in the country is Russian. As the censuses of population, the Russian language in many areas of Northern, Central and Eastern Kazakhstan becomes a means of ethno linguistic development for most of the non-Russian population. This is most clearly illustrated by the Germans, and the Slavic ethnic groups. In this case, the Russian language is not just a means of international communication for a number of ethnic groups, and ethnic groups, it becomes a factor of ethnic self-expression. The value of the Kazakh language as their mother tongue for the other groups of the population is small. More clearly it can be traced only to the Turkic-speaking population of the republic – Uzbeks, Uighurs, Tatars, Turks, etc. The state Kazakh language is a means of international communication in the Western and Southern Kazakhstan, with a predominance of the Kazakh population. The report shows that the most important factor in the development of ethno-linguistic and ethno-cultural processes is bilingualism. Comparative analysis of materials census shows, first, on the increase of the proportion of bilingual population among Kazakhs and Russian, and second, to reduce the proportion of bilingual population of other ethnic groups living in Kazakhstan, and third, a higher proportion bilingual population among residents than rural residents, regardless of their ethnicity. Bilingualism is mainly of a "national Kazakh", "national Russian" or "Kazakh-national" or "Russian-national" character. The President N.A. Nazarbayev said that the Kazakh language is the most important factor in the consolidation of the people of Kazakhstan. He therefore called on government and other state and local representative bodies fully develop the state language, to create all the necessary organizational, material and technical conditions for free and open learning the state language by all citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Abstract: Climate change is a cumulative change in weather
patterns over a period of time. Trend analysis using non-parametric
Mann-Kendall test may help to determine the existence and
magnitude of any statistically significant trend in the climatic data.
Another index called Sen slope may be used to quantify the
magnitude of such trends. A toolbar extension to ESRI ArcGIS
named Arc Trends has been developed in this study for performing
the above mentioned tasks. To study the temporal trend of
meteorological parameters, 32 years (1971-2002) monthly
meteorological data were collected for 133 selected stations over
different agro-ecological regions of India. Both the maximum and
minimum temperatures were found to be rising. A significant
increasing trend in the relative humidity and a consistent significant
decreasing trend in the wind speed all over the country were found.
However, a general increase in rainfall was not found in recent years.
Abstract: In this paper; we are interested in dynamic modelling of quadrotor while taking into account the high-order nonholonomic constraints as well as the various physical phenomena, which can influence the dynamics of a flying structure. These permit us to introduce a new state-space representation and new control scheme. We present after the development and the synthesis of a stabilizing control laws design based on sliding mode in order to perform best tracking results. It ensures locally asymptotic stability and desired tracking trajectories. Nonlinear observer is then synthesized in order to estimate the unmeasured states and the effects of the external disturbances such as wind and noise. Finally simulation results are also provided in order to illustrate the performances of the proposed controllers.
Abstract: Construction projects can be implemented under various contractual and organizational systems. They can be divided into two groups: systems without the managing company where the Client manages the process, and systems with the managing company, where management is entrusted to an external company. In the public sector of the Polish market there are two ways of delivery of construction projects with the participation of the manager: one is to assign operations to another party, the so called Project Supervisor, whilst the other results from the application of FIDIC conditions of contract, which entail appointment of the Engineer. The decision is to be made by the Client and depends on various factors. On the public procurement market in Poland the selection of construction project manager boils down to awarding the contract for such a service. The selection can be done by one of eight public procurement procedures identified by the procurement law. The paper provides the analysis of 96 contracts for services awarded in 2011, which employed construction management. The study aimed to investigate the methods and criteria for selecting managers, applied in practice by the Polish public Clients.
Abstract: In this paper, a novel algorithm based on Ridgelet
Transform and support vector machine is proposed for human action
recognition. The Ridgelet transform is a directional multi-resolution
transform and it is more suitable for describing the human action by
performing its directional information to form spatial features
vectors. The dynamic transition between the spatial features is carried
out using both the Principal Component Analysis and clustering
algorithm K-means. First, the Principal Component Analysis is used
to reduce the dimensionality of the obtained vectors. Then, the kmeans
algorithm is then used to perform the obtained vectors to form
the spatio-temporal pattern, called set-of-labels, according to given
periodicity of human action. Finally, a Support Machine classifier is
used to discriminate between the different human actions. Different
tests are conducted on popular Datasets, such as Weizmann and
KTH. The obtained results show that the proposed method provides
more significant accuracy rate and it drives more robustness in very
challenging situations such as lighting changes, scaling and dynamic
environment
Abstract: The rapid improvement of the microprocessor and network has made it possible for the PC cluster to compete with conventional supercomputers. Lots of high throughput type of applications can be satisfied by using the current desktop PCs, especially for those in PC classrooms, and leave the supercomputers for the demands from large scale high performance parallel computations. This paper presents our development on enabling an automated deployment mechanism for cluster computing to utilize the computing power of PCs such as reside in PC classroom. After well deployment, these PCs can be transformed into a pre-configured cluster computing resource immediately without touching the existing education/training environment installed on these PCs. Thus, the training activities will not be affected by this additional activity to harvest idle computing cycles. The time and manpower required to build and manage a computing platform in geographically distributed PC classrooms also can be reduced by this development.
Abstract: Silicon nanowire (SiNW) based thermoelectric device (TED) has potential applications in areas such as chip level cooling/ energy harvesting. It is a great challenge however, to assemble an efficient device with these SiNW. The presence of parasitic in the form of interfacial electrical resistance will have a significant impact on the performance of the TED. In this work, we explore the effect of the electrical contact resistance on the performance of a TED. Numerical simulations are performed on SiNW to investigate such effects on its cooling performance. Intrinsically, SiNW individually without the unwanted parasitic effect has excellent cooling power density. However, the cooling effect is undermined with the contribution of the electrical contact resistance.
Abstract: Analytically the effect of polarization dependent loss on a high speed fiber optic communication link has been investigated. PDL and the signal's incoming state of polarization (SOP) have a significant co-relation between them and their various combinations produces different effects on the system behavior which has been inspected. Pauli's spin operator and PDL parameters are combined together to observe the attenuation effect induced by PDL in a link containing multiple PDL elements. It is found that in the presence of PDL the Q-factor and BER at the receiver undergoes fluctuation causing the system to be unstable and results show that it is mainly due to optical-signal-to-parallel-noise ratio (OSNItpar) that these parameters fluctuate. Generally the Q-factor, BER deteriorates as the value of average PDL in the link increases except for depolarized light for which the system parameters improves when PDL increases.
Abstract: The motivation for adaptive modulation and coding is
to adjust the method of transmission to ensure that the maximum
efficiency is achieved over the link at all times. The receiver
estimates the channel quality and reports it back to the transmitter.
The transmitter then maps the reported quality into a link mode. This
mapping however, is not a one-to-one mapping. In this paper we
investigate a method for selecting the proper modulation scheme.
This method can dynamically adapt the mapping of the Signal-to-
Noise Ratio (SNR) into a link mode. It enables the use of the right
modulation scheme irrespective of changes in the channel conditions
by incorporating errors in the received data. We propose a Markov
model for this method, and use it to derive the average switching
thresholds and the average throughput. We show that the average
throughput of this method outperforms the conventional threshold
method.
Abstract: A novel biologically inspired controller for the autonomous
navigation of a mobile robot in an evasion task is
proposed. The controller takes advantage of the environment by
calculating a measure of danger and subsequently choosing the
parameters of a reinforcement learning based decision process.
Two different reinforcement learning algorithms were used: Qlearning
and Sarsa (λ). Simulations show that selecting dynamic
parameters reduce the time while executing the decision making
process, so the robot can obtain a policy to succeed in an escaping
task in a realistic time.
Abstract: The importance of our country-s communication
system is noticeable when a disaster occurs. The communication
system in our country includes wired and wireless telephone
networks, radio, satellite system and more increasingly internet. Even
though our communication system is most extensive and dependable,
extreme conditions can put a strain on them. Interoperability between
heterogeneous wireless networks can be used to provide efficient
communication for emergency first response. IEEE 802.21 specifies
Media Independent Handover (MIH) services to enhance the mobile
user experience by optimizing handovers between heterogeneous
access networks. This paper presents an algorithm to improve
congestion control in MIH framework. It is analytically shown that
by including time factor in network selection we can optimize
congestion in the network.
Abstract: This paper deals with automatic sentence modality
recognition in French. In this work, only prosodic features are
considered. The sentences are recognized according to the three
following modalities: declarative, interrogative and exclamatory
sentences. This information will be used to animate a talking head for
deaf and hearing-impaired children. We first statistically study a real
radio corpus in order to assess the feasibility of the automatic
modeling of sentence types. Then, we test two sets of prosodic
features as well as two different classifiers and their combination. We
further focus our attention on questions recognition, as this modality
is certainly the most important one for the target application.
Abstract: In today-s highly globalised and competitive world
access to information plays key role in having an upper hand between
business rivals. Hence, proper protection of such crucial resource is
core to any modern business. Implementing a successful information
security system is basically centered around three pillars; technical
solution involving both software and hardware, information security
controls to translate the policies and procedure in the system and the
people to implement. This paper shows that a lot needs to be done for
countries adapting information technology to process, store and
distribute information to secure adequately such core resource.
Abstract: Distributed Power generation has gained a lot of
attention in recent times due to constraints associated with
conventional power generation and new advancements in DG
technologies .The need to operate the power system economically
and with optimum levels of reliability has further led to an increase
in interest in Distributed Generation. However it is important to place
Distributed Generator on an optimum location so that the purpose of
loss minimization and voltage regulation is dully served on the
feeder. This paper investigates the impact of DG units installation on
electric losses, reliability and voltage profile of distribution networks.
In this paper, our aim would be to find optimal distributed
generation allocation for loss reduction subjected to constraint of
voltage regulation in distribution network. The system is further
analyzed for increased levels of Reliability. Distributed Generator
offers the additional advantage of increase in reliability levels as
suggested by the improvements in various reliability indices such as
SAIDI, CAIDI and AENS. Comparative studies are performed and
related results are addressed. An analytical technique is used in order
to find the optimal location of Distributed Generator. The suggested
technique is programmed under MATLAB software. The results
clearly indicate that DG can reduce the electrical line loss while
simultaneously improving the reliability of the system.
Abstract: In this study, in order to clarify wind-induced
phenomena, especially vertical mixing of density stratification in a
closed water area with floating-leaved plants, we conducted hydraulic
experiments on wind flow characteristics, wind wave characteristics,
entrainment phenomena and turbulent structure by using a wind tunnel
test tank and simulated floating-leaved plants. From the experimental
results of wind flow and wind wave characteristics, we quantified the
impact of the occupancy rate of the plants on their resistance
characteristics. From the experimental results of entrainment
phenomena, we defined the parameter that could explain the
magnitude of mixing between the density stratifications, and
quantified the impact of the occupancy rate on vertical mixing
between stratifications. From the experimental results of the turbulent
structure of the upper layer, we clarified the differences in small-scale
turbulence components at each occupancy rate and quantified the
impact of the occupancy rate on the turbulence characteristics. For a
summary of this study, we theoretically quantified wind-induced
entrainment phenomena in a closed water area with luxuriant growth
of floating-leaved plants. The results indicated that the impact of
luxuriant growth of floating-leaved plants in a closed water body
could be seen in the difference in small-scale fluid characteristics, and
these characteristics could be expressed using the small-scale
turbulent components.
Abstract: Islam has a general principle of increase in
population. But the Muslims are equally obliged to take care of
health, education and the provisions etc. for their offspring and wives
in the best possible way. The Muslims would have to regulate and
manage the number of children, if any situation affects their duties
regarding their wives or children. Islam accomplishes permissibility
of temporary blockade in human fertility if someone faces any
problem regarding health of mother or children. During the life of the
Holy Prophet (SAW), Azl (coitus interruptus) was the only way for
temporary spacing between the children. In technologically
developed environment, the same can be resort through some
advanced methodology or instrument of temporary blockade. Solid
grounds are available in Islam that the fertility rate should be
managed if any of the aspect of human quality is being affected.
Abstract: Transition theory has been used to derive the elasticplastic
and transitional stresses. Results obtained have been discussed
numerically and depicted graphically. It is observed that the rotating
disk made of incompressible material with inclusion require higher
angular speed to yield at the internal surface as compared to disk
made of compressible material. It is seen that the radial and
circumferential stresses are maximum at the internal surface with and
without edge load (for flat disk). With the increase in thickness
parameter (k = 2, 4), the circumferential stress is maximum at the
external surface while the radial stress is maximum at the internal
surface. From the figures drawn the disk with exponentially varying
thickness (k = 2), high angular speed is required for initial yielding at
internal surface as compared to flat disk and exponentially varying
thickness for k = 4 onwards. It is concluded that the disk made of
isotropic compressible material is on the safer side of the design as
compared to disk made of isotropic incompressible material as it
requires higher percentage increase in an angular speed to become
fully plastic from its initial yielding.
Abstract: This paper presents a design method of self-tuning
Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT) by using improved deadbeat
control algorithm. QFT is a technique to achieve robust control with
pre-defined specifications whereas deadbeat is an algorithm that
could bring the output to steady state with minimum step size.
Nevertheless, usually there are large peaks in the deadbeat response.
By integrating QFT specifications into deadbeat algorithm, the large
peaks could be tolerated. On the other hand, emerging QFT with
adaptive element will produce a robust controller with wider
coverage of uncertainty. By combining QFT-based deadbeat
algorithm and adaptive element, superior controller that is called selftuning
QFT-based deadbeat controller could be achieved. The output
response that is fast, robust and adaptive is expected. Using a grain
dryer plant model as a pilot case-study, the performance of the
proposed method has been evaluated and analyzed. Grain drying
process is very complex with highly nonlinear behaviour, long delay,
affected by environmental changes and affected by disturbances.
Performance comparisons have been performed between the
proposed self-tuning QFT-based deadbeat, standard QFT and
standard dead-beat controllers. The efficiency of the self-tuning QFTbased
dead-beat controller has been proven from the tests results in
terms of controller’s parameters are updated online, less percentage
of overshoot and settling time especially when there are variations in
the plant.
Abstract: Streaming Applications usually run in parallel or in
series that incrementally transform a stream of input data. It poses a
design challenge to break such an application into distinguishable
blocks and then to map them into independent hardware processing
elements. For this, there is required a generic controller that
automatically maps such a stream of data into independent processing
elements without any dependencies and manual considerations. In
this paper, Kahn Process Networks (KPN) for such streaming
applications is designed and developed that will be mapped on
MPSoC. This is designed in such a way that there is a generic Cbased
compiler that will take the mapping specifications as an input
from the user and then it will automate these design constraints and
automatically generate the synthesized RTL optimized code for
specified application.
Abstract: In this paper, genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed for
the design of an optimization algorithm to achieve the bandwidth
allocation of ATM network. In Broadband ISDN, the ATM is a highbandwidth;
fast packet switching and multiplexing technique. Using
ATM it can be flexibly reconfigure the network and reassign the
bandwidth to meet the requirements of all types of services. By
dynamically routing the traffic and adjusting the bandwidth
assignment, the average packet delay of the whole network can be
reduced to a minimum. M/M/1 model can be used to analyze the
performance.