Laboratory Experiments: Influence of Rainfall Characteristics on Runoff and Water Erosion
The study concerns an experimental investigation in
the laboratory of the water erosion using a rainfall simulator. We
have focused our attention on the influence of rainfall intensity on
some hydraulic characteristics. The results obtained allow us to
conclude that there is a significant correlation between rainfall
intensity and hydraulic characteristics of runoff (Reynolds number,
Froude number) and sediment concentration.
[1] Abrahams, A.D., Parson, A.J. and Luk S.H., 1986. Resistance to
overland flow on desert hillslopes. Journal of Hydrology, 88: 343-363.
[2] Atlas, D. 1953. Optical extinction by rainfall. J. Meteor., 10, 486-488.
[3] Brandt, C. J. , 1990 Simulation of the size distribution and erosivity of
raindrops and through fall drops. Earth Surf. Processes 15 687-698.
[4] Carter, C. E., J. D. Greer, H. J. Brand, J. M. Floyd 1974. Raindrop
characteristics in south central United States. TRANS of ASAE 17:
1033-1037.
[5] Emmett, W.W., 1970. The hydraulics of overland flow on hillslopes.
Geological Survey professional Paper 662-A, U.S Government Printing
Office, Washington.
[6] Farenhorst, A., Bryan, R.B., 1995. Particles size distribution of sediment
transported by shallow flow. Catena 25: 47-62.
[7] Gil1ey, Finker., 1985. Estimation soil detachment caused by raindrop
impact, Trans. of the P.S.A.E Vol. 28 n┬░1.
[8] Gimenez, R., Govers, G., 2002. Flow detachment by concentrated flow
on smooth and irregular beds. Soil Science Society of America Journal,
66, S. 1475-1483.
[9] Guy, B.J., Dickinson, W.T., Rudra, R.P., 1990. Hydraulics of sedimentladen
sheet flow and the influence of simulated rainfall Earth surface
Processes and Landforms, Vol. 15, pp: 101-118.
[10] Hudson, N., 1995. Soil conservation, 3rd ed. 391pp, BT Batsford,
London.
[11] Hudson, N., 1996 Mesures de terrain de l-érosion et de l-écoulement des
eaux de surface. Bulletin pédologique de la FAO 68.
[12] Keller, J., Bleisner, R. D., 1990. Sprinkler and trickle irrigation. Van
Nostrand, NY.
[13] Kilinc, M., Richardson, E.V., 1973 Mechanics of soil erosion from
overland flow generated by simulated rainfall. Colo. State univ.,
hydrologic paper, number 63, ft. Collins, Colorado. Kinnel, P. I. A.,
1973: Soil conservation. Edition. Baksford. USA.
[14] Laws, J.O., Parsons, D.A., 1943. The relationship of raindrop size to
intensity. Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 24, pages: 452-460.
[15] Meyer, L.D., 1958. An investigation of methods for simulating rain fall
on standard runoff plots and a sandy of the drop size velocity and kinetic
energy of selected spray nozzles USDA, ARS, Spec. Rep. number 81.
[16] Montovani, E. C., Villalobos, F. J., Orgaz, F. and Ferreres, E. (1995).
Modelling the effects of sprinkler irrigation on crop yield. Agricultural
Water Management 27 p: 243-257.
[17] Mouzai, L., 1992. Drop characteristics and rainsplash effects on the
hydraulics of overland flow and on soil erosion. Ph.D thesis, Geography
Department, University of Sheffield.
[18] Nyssen J., H. Vandenreyken, J. Moeyersons, J. Deckers, Mitiku Haile,
C. Salles and G. Govers, 2005. Rainfall erosivity and variability in the
Northern Ethiopian Highlands. Journal of Hydrology 311 (2005) 172-
187.
[19] Pan, C, Shangguan Z., 2006. Runoff hydraulic characteristics and
sediment generation in sloped grassplots under simulated rainfall
conditions. Journal of Hydrology 331: 178-185.
[20] Uijlenhoet, R., Stricker, J.N.M., 1999. A consistent rainfall
parameterization based on the exponential raindrop size distribution.
Journal of Hydrology 218, 101-127.
[21] Van Dijk, A.I.J.M., Bruijnzeel, L.A., et Rosewell, C.J., 2002. Rainfall
intensity - kinetic energy relationships: a critical literature appraisal.
Journal of Hydrology 261: 1-23.
[22] Walker, P.H., Kinnell, P.I.A. and Green, P., 1978. Transport of a noncohesive
sandy mixture in rainfall and runoff experiments. Soil Sci. Soc.
Amer. Jour., Vol. 42, pp: 793-801.
[23] Willis, P.T., 1984. Functional fits of some observed drop size
distributions and parametrizacion of rain. L. Atmos. Sci. 41 (9), 1648-
1661.
[24] Wischmeier, W.H., et Smith D.D., 1962. Evaluation of factors in the soil
equation. Agricultural engineering 39. USA.
[25] Yacoubi S., Zairi A., Slatni A., Molle B. et Granier J., 2001. Impact de
l-hétérogénéité des apports d-eau d-irrigation sur les niveaux des
rendements du blé.
[26] Zhang X.C., M.A. Nearing, V.O.Polyakov and J. M. Friedrich, 2003.
Using rate earth oxide tracers for studying soil erosion dynamics. Soil.
Sci. Am. J., Vol. 67: 279-288.
[1] Abrahams, A.D., Parson, A.J. and Luk S.H., 1986. Resistance to
overland flow on desert hillslopes. Journal of Hydrology, 88: 343-363.
[2] Atlas, D. 1953. Optical extinction by rainfall. J. Meteor., 10, 486-488.
[3] Brandt, C. J. , 1990 Simulation of the size distribution and erosivity of
raindrops and through fall drops. Earth Surf. Processes 15 687-698.
[4] Carter, C. E., J. D. Greer, H. J. Brand, J. M. Floyd 1974. Raindrop
characteristics in south central United States. TRANS of ASAE 17:
1033-1037.
[5] Emmett, W.W., 1970. The hydraulics of overland flow on hillslopes.
Geological Survey professional Paper 662-A, U.S Government Printing
Office, Washington.
[6] Farenhorst, A., Bryan, R.B., 1995. Particles size distribution of sediment
transported by shallow flow. Catena 25: 47-62.
[7] Gil1ey, Finker., 1985. Estimation soil detachment caused by raindrop
impact, Trans. of the P.S.A.E Vol. 28 n┬░1.
[8] Gimenez, R., Govers, G., 2002. Flow detachment by concentrated flow
on smooth and irregular beds. Soil Science Society of America Journal,
66, S. 1475-1483.
[9] Guy, B.J., Dickinson, W.T., Rudra, R.P., 1990. Hydraulics of sedimentladen
sheet flow and the influence of simulated rainfall Earth surface
Processes and Landforms, Vol. 15, pp: 101-118.
[10] Hudson, N., 1995. Soil conservation, 3rd ed. 391pp, BT Batsford,
London.
[11] Hudson, N., 1996 Mesures de terrain de l-érosion et de l-écoulement des
eaux de surface. Bulletin pédologique de la FAO 68.
[12] Keller, J., Bleisner, R. D., 1990. Sprinkler and trickle irrigation. Van
Nostrand, NY.
[13] Kilinc, M., Richardson, E.V., 1973 Mechanics of soil erosion from
overland flow generated by simulated rainfall. Colo. State univ.,
hydrologic paper, number 63, ft. Collins, Colorado. Kinnel, P. I. A.,
1973: Soil conservation. Edition. Baksford. USA.
[14] Laws, J.O., Parsons, D.A., 1943. The relationship of raindrop size to
intensity. Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 24, pages: 452-460.
[15] Meyer, L.D., 1958. An investigation of methods for simulating rain fall
on standard runoff plots and a sandy of the drop size velocity and kinetic
energy of selected spray nozzles USDA, ARS, Spec. Rep. number 81.
[16] Montovani, E. C., Villalobos, F. J., Orgaz, F. and Ferreres, E. (1995).
Modelling the effects of sprinkler irrigation on crop yield. Agricultural
Water Management 27 p: 243-257.
[17] Mouzai, L., 1992. Drop characteristics and rainsplash effects on the
hydraulics of overland flow and on soil erosion. Ph.D thesis, Geography
Department, University of Sheffield.
[18] Nyssen J., H. Vandenreyken, J. Moeyersons, J. Deckers, Mitiku Haile,
C. Salles and G. Govers, 2005. Rainfall erosivity and variability in the
Northern Ethiopian Highlands. Journal of Hydrology 311 (2005) 172-
187.
[19] Pan, C, Shangguan Z., 2006. Runoff hydraulic characteristics and
sediment generation in sloped grassplots under simulated rainfall
conditions. Journal of Hydrology 331: 178-185.
[20] Uijlenhoet, R., Stricker, J.N.M., 1999. A consistent rainfall
parameterization based on the exponential raindrop size distribution.
Journal of Hydrology 218, 101-127.
[21] Van Dijk, A.I.J.M., Bruijnzeel, L.A., et Rosewell, C.J., 2002. Rainfall
intensity - kinetic energy relationships: a critical literature appraisal.
Journal of Hydrology 261: 1-23.
[22] Walker, P.H., Kinnell, P.I.A. and Green, P., 1978. Transport of a noncohesive
sandy mixture in rainfall and runoff experiments. Soil Sci. Soc.
Amer. Jour., Vol. 42, pp: 793-801.
[23] Willis, P.T., 1984. Functional fits of some observed drop size
distributions and parametrizacion of rain. L. Atmos. Sci. 41 (9), 1648-
1661.
[24] Wischmeier, W.H., et Smith D.D., 1962. Evaluation of factors in the soil
equation. Agricultural engineering 39. USA.
[25] Yacoubi S., Zairi A., Slatni A., Molle B. et Granier J., 2001. Impact de
l-hétérogénéité des apports d-eau d-irrigation sur les niveaux des
rendements du blé.
[26] Zhang X.C., M.A. Nearing, V.O.Polyakov and J. M. Friedrich, 2003.
Using rate earth oxide tracers for studying soil erosion dynamics. Soil.
Sci. Am. J., Vol. 67: 279-288.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:50888", author = "A. Moussouni and L. Mouzai and M. Bouhadef", title = "Laboratory Experiments: Influence of Rainfall Characteristics on Runoff and Water Erosion", abstract = "The study concerns an experimental investigation in
the laboratory of the water erosion using a rainfall simulator. We
have focused our attention on the influence of rainfall intensity on
some hydraulic characteristics. The results obtained allow us to
conclude that there is a significant correlation between rainfall
intensity and hydraulic characteristics of runoff (Reynolds number,
Froude number) and sediment concentration.", keywords = "Laboratory experiments, rainfall intensity, rainfall
simulator, runoff, sediment concentration, soil erosion", volume = "6", number = "8", pages = "560-4", }
