Abstract: The curriculum of the primary school science course was redesigned on the basis of constructivism in 2005-2006 academic years, in Turkey. In this context, the name of this course has been changed as “Science and Technology"; and both content and course books, students workbooks for this course have been redesigned in light of constructivism. The aim of this study is to determine whether the Science and Technology course books and student work books for primary school 5th grade are appropriate for the constructivism by evaluating them in terms of the fundamental principles of constructivism. In this study, out of qualitative research methods, documentation technique (i.e. document analysis) is applied; while selecting samples, criterion-sampling is used out of purposeful sampling techniques. When the Science and Technology course book and workbook for the 5th grade in primary education are examined, it is seen that both books complete each other in certain areas. Consequently, it can be claimed that in spite of some inadequate and missing points in the course book and workbook of the primary school Science and Technology course for the 5th grade students, these books are attempted to be designed in terms of the principles of constructivism. To overcome the inadequacies in the books, it can be suggested to redesign them. In addition to them, not to ignore the technology dimension of the course, the activities that encourage the students to prepare projects using technology cycle should be included.
Abstract: Decision support based upon risk analysis into
comparison of the electricity generation from different renewable
energy technologies can provide information about their effects on
the environment and society. The aim of this paper is to develop the
assessment framework regarding risks to health and environment,
and the society-s benefits of the electric power plant generation from
different renewable sources. The multicriteria framework to
multiattribute risk analysis technique and the decision analysis
interview technique are applied in order to support the decisionmaking
process for the implementing renewable energy projects to
the Bangkok case study. Having analyses the local conditions and
appropriate technologies, five renewable power plants are postulated
as options. As this work demonstrates, the analysis can provide a tool
to aid decision-makers for achieving targets related to promote
sustainable energy system.
Abstract: Developing an accurate classifier for high dimensional microarray datasets is a challenging task due to availability of small sample size. Therefore, it is important to determine a set of relevant genes that classify the data well. Traditionally, gene selection method often selects the top ranked genes according to their discriminatory power. Often these genes are correlated with each other resulting in redundancy. In this paper, we have proposed a hybrid method using feature ranking and wrapper method (Genetic Algorithm with multiclass SVM) to identify a set of relevant genes that classify the data more accurately. A new fitness function for genetic algorithm is defined that focuses on selecting the smallest set of genes that provides maximum accuracy. Experiments have been carried on four well-known datasets1. The proposed method provides better results in comparison to the results found in the literature in terms of both classification accuracy and number of genes selected.
Abstract: This paper reports our analysis of 163 ks observations
of PSR J0538+2817 with the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer
(RXTE).The pulse profiles, detected up to 60 keV, show a single
peak asin the case for radio frequency. The profile is well described
by one Gaussians function with full width at half maximum (FWHM)
0.04794. We compared the difference of arrival time between radio
and X-ray pulse profiles for the first time. It turns out that the phase
of radio emits precede the X-ray by 8.7 ± 4.5 ms. Furthermore we
obtained the pulse profiles in the energy ranges of 2.29-6.18 keV,
6.18-12.63 keV and 12.63-17.36 keV. The intensity of pulses
decreases with the increasing energy range. We discuss the emission
geometry in our work.
Abstract: Web-based cooperative learning focuses on (1) the interaction and the collaboration of community members, and (2) the sharing and the distribution of knowledge and expertise by network technology to enhance learning performance. Numerous research literatures related to web-based cooperative learning have demonstrated that cooperative scripts have a positive impact to specify, sequence, and assign cooperative learning activities. Besides, literatures have indicated that role-play in web-based cooperative learning environments enhances two or more students to work together toward the completion of a common goal. Since students generally do not know each other and they lack the face-to-face contact that is necessary for the negotiation of assigning group roles in web-based cooperative learning environments, this paper intends to further extend the application of genetic algorithm (GA) and propose a GA-based algorithm to tackle the problem of role assignment in web-based cooperative learning environments, which not only saves communication costs but also reduces conflict between group members in negotiating role assignments.
Abstract: An attempt in this paper proposes a re-modification to
the minimum moment approach of resource leveling which is a modified minimum moment approach to the traditional method by
Harris. The method is based on critical path method. The new approach suggests the difference between the methods in the
selection criteria of activity which needs to be shifted for leveling resource histogram. In traditional method, the improvement factor
found first to select the activity for each possible day of shifting. In
modified method maximum value of the product of Resources Rate
and Free Float was found first and improvement factor is then
calculated for that activity which needs to be shifted. In the proposed
method the activity to be selected first for shifting is based on the largest value of resource rate. The process is repeated for all the
remaining activities for possible shifting to get updated histogram.
The proposed method significantly reduces the number of iterations
and is easier for manual computations.
Abstract: In this paper a new concept of partial complement of a graph G is introduced and using the same a new graph parameter, called completion number of a graph G, denoted by c(G) is defined. Some basic properties of graph parameter, completion number, are studied and upperbounds for completion number of classes of graphs are obtained , the paper includes the characterization also.
Abstract: In this paper an analysis of blackouts in electric power
transmission systems is implemented using a model and studied in
simple networks with a regular topology. The proposed model
describes load demand and network improvements evolving on a
slow timescale as well as the fast dynamics of cascading overloads
and outages.
Abstract: Nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) is a FDA approved
biomarker for bladder cancer. The objective of this study is to develop
a simple NMP22 immumosensor (NMP22-IMS) for accurate
measurement of NMP22. The NMP22-IMS was constructed with
NMP22 antibody immobilized on screen-printed carbon electrodes.
The construction procedures and antibody immobilization are simple.
Results showed that the NMP22-IMS has an excellent (r2³0.95)
response range (20 – 100 ng/mL). In conclusion, a simple and reliable
NMP22-IMS was developed, capable of precisely determining urine
NMP22 level.
Abstract: Ireland developed a National Strategy 2030 that
argued for the creation of a new form of higher education institution,
a Technological University. The research reported here reviews the
first stage of this partnership development. The study found that
national policy can create system capacity and change, but that
individual partners may have more to gain or lose in collaborating.
When presented as a zero-sum activity, fear among partners is high.
The level of knowledge and networking within the higher education
system possessed by each partner contributed to decisions to
participate or not in a joint proposal for collaboration. Greater
success resulted when there were gains for all partners. This research
concludes that policy mandates can provide motivation to
collaborate, but that the partnership needs to be built more on shared
values versus coercion by mandates.
Abstract: In the stadium structure, the significant dynamic
responses such as resonance or similar behavior can be occurred by
spectator rhythmical activities. Thus, accurate analysis and precise
investigation of stadium structure that is subjected to dynamic loads
are required for practical design and serviceability check of stadium
structures. Moreover, it is desirable to measure and analyze the
dynamic loads of spectator activities because these dynamic loads can
not be easily expressed in numerical formula. In this study, various
dynamic loads induced by spectator movements are measured and
analyzed. These dynamic loads induced by spectators movement of
stadium structure can be classified into the impact load and the
periodic load. These dynamic loads can be expressed as Fourier
harmonic load. And, these dynamic loads could be applied for the
accurate vibration analysis of a stadium structure.
Abstract: The ARMrayan Multimedia Mobile CMS (Content
Management System) is the first mobile CMS that gives the
opportunity to users for creating multimedia J2ME mobile
applications with their desired content, design and logo; simply,
without any need for writing even a line of code. The low-level
programming and compatibility problems of the J2ME, along with
UI designing difficulties, makes it hard for most people –even
programmers- to broadcast their content to the widespread mobile
phones used by nearly all people. This system provides user-friendly,
PC-based tools for creating a tree index of pages and inserting
multiple multimedia contents (e.g. sound, video and picture) in each
page for creating a J2ME mobile application. The output is a standalone
Java mobile application that has a user interface, shows texts
and pictures and plays music and videos regardless of the type of
devices used as long as the devices support the J2ME platform.
Bitmap fonts have also been used thus Middle Eastern languages can
be easily supported on all mobile phone devices. We omitted
programming concepts for users in order to simplify multimedia
content-oriented mobile applictaion designing for use in educational,
cultural or marketing centers. Ordinary operators can now create a
variety of multimedia mobile applications such as tutorials,
catalogues, books, and guides in minutes rather than months.
Simplicity and power has been the goal of this CMS. In this paper,
we present the software engineered-designed concepts of the
ARMrayan MCMS along with the implementation challenges faces
and solutions adapted.
Abstract: Wireless channels are characterized by more serious
bursty and location-dependent errors. Many packet scheduling
algorithms have been proposed for wireless networks to guarantee
fairness and delay bounds. However, most existing schemes do not
consider the difference of traffic natures among packet flows. This
will cause the delay-weight coupling problem. In particular, serious
queuing delays may be incurred for real-time flows. In this paper, it
is proposed a scheduling algorithm that takes traffic types of flows
into consideration when scheduling packets and also it is provided
scheduling flexibility by trading off video quality to meet the
playback deadline.
Abstract: The protection of the contents of digital products is
referred to as content authentication. In some applications, to be able
to authenticate a digital product could be extremely essential. For
example, if a digital product is used as a piece of evidence in the
court, its integrity could mean life or death of the accused. Generally,
the problem of content authentication can be solved using semifragile
digital watermarking techniques. Recently many authors have
proposed Computer Generated Hologram Watermarking (CGHWatermarking)
techniques. Starting from these studies, in this paper
a semi-fragile Computer Generated Hologram coding technique is
proposed, which is able to detect malicious tampering while
tolerating some incidental distortions. The proposed technique uses
as watermark an encrypted image, and it is well suitable for digital
image authentication.
Abstract: In order to increase in chickpea quality and
agroecosystem sustainability, field experiments were carried out in
2007 and 2008 growing seasons. In this research the effects of
different organic, chemical and biological fertilizers were
investigated on grain yield and quality of chickpea. Experimental
units were arranged in split-split plots based on randomized complete
blocks with three replications. The highest amounts of yield and yield
components were obtained in G1×N5 interaction. Significant
increasing of N, P, K, Fe and Mg content in leaves and grains
emphasized on superiority of mentioned treatment because each one
of these nutrients has an approved role in chlorophyll synthesis and
photosynthesis ability of the crop. The combined application of
compost, farmyard manure and chemical phosphorus (N5) had the
best grain quality due to high protein, starch and total sugar contents,
low crude fiber and reduced cooking time.
Abstract: The feature of HIV genome is in a wide range because
of it is highly heterogeneous. Hence, the infection ability of the virus changes related with different chemokine receptors. From this point,
R5 and X4 HIV viruses use CCR5 and CXCR5 coreceptors respectively while R5X4 viruses can utilize both coreceptors. Recently, in Bioinformatics, R5X4 viruses have been studied to
classify by using the coreceptors of HIV genome.
The aim of this study is to develop the optimal Multilayer
Perceptron (MLP) for high classification accuracy of HIV sub-type viruses. To accomplish this purpose, the unit number in hidden layer
was incremented one by one, from one to a particular number. The statistical data of R5X4, R5 and X4 viruses was preprocessed by the
signal processing methods. Accessible residues of these virus sequences were extracted and modeled by Auto-Regressive Model
(AR) due to the dimension of residues is large and different from each other. Finally the pre-processed dataset was used to evolve MLP with various number of hidden units to determine R5X4
viruses. Furthermore, ROC analysis was used to figure out the optimal MLP structure.
Abstract: The objectives were to identify cyanide-degrading
bacteria and study cyanide removal efficiency. Agrobacterium
tumefaciens SUTS 1 was isolated. This is a new strain of
microorganisms for cyanide degradation. The maximum growth rate
of SUTS 1 obtained 4.7 × 108 CFU/ml within 4 days. The cyanide
removal efficiency was studied at 25, 50, and 150 mg/L cyanide. The
residual cyanide, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, pH, and cell counts were
analyzed. At 25 and 50 mg/L cyanide, SUTS 1 obtained similar
removal efficiency approximately 87.50%. At 150 mg/L cyanide,
SUTS 1 enhanced the cyanide removal efficiency up to 97.90%. Cell
counts of SUTS 1 increased when the cyanide concentration was set
at lower. The ammonia increased when the removal efficiency
increased. The nitrate increased when the ammonia decreased but the
nitrite did not detect in all experiments. pH values also increased
when the cyanide concentrations were set at higher.
Abstract: Laser beam forming is a novel technique developed for the joining of metallic components. In this study, an overview of the laser beam forming process, areas of application, the basic mechanisms of the laser beam forming process, some recent research
studies and the need to focus more research effort on improving the
laser-material interaction of laser beam forming of titanium and its
alloys are presented.
Abstract: This work will provide a new perspective of exploring innovation thematic. It will reveal that radical and incremental innovations are complementary during the innovation life cycle and accomplished through distinct ways of developing new products. Each new product development process will be constructed according to the nature of each innovation and the state of the product development. This paper proposes the inclusion of the organizational function areas that influence new product's development on the new product development process.
Abstract: In this article, we introduce a mechanism by which the same concept of differentiated services used in network transmission can be applied to provide quality of service levels to pervasive systems applications. The classical DiffServ model, including marking and classification, assured forwarding, and expedited forwarding, are all utilized to create quality of service guarantees for various pervasive applications requiring different levels of quality of service. Through a collection of various sensors, personal devices, and data sources, the transmission of contextsensitive data can automatically occur within a pervasive system with a given quality of service level. Triggers, initiators, sources, and receivers are four entities labeled in our mechanism. An explanation of the role of each is provided, and how quality of service is guaranteed.