Abstract: Motion control of flexible arms is more difficult than
that of rigid arms, however utilizing its dynamics enables improved
performance such as a fast motion in short operation time. This paper
investigates a ball throwing robot with one rigid link and one flexible
link. This robot throws a ball at a set speed with a proper control torque.
A mathematical model of this ball throwing robot is derived through
Hamilton’s principle. Several patterns of torque input are designed and
tested through the proposed simulation models. The parameters of
each torque input pattern is optimized and determined by chaos
embedded vector evaluated particle swarm optimization (CEVEPSO).
Then, the residual vibration of the manipulator after throwing is
suppressed with input shaping technique. Finally, a real experiment is
set up for the model checking.
Abstract: The study area receives a wide variety of wastes
generated by municipalities and the industries like paints and
pigments, metal processing industries, thermal power plants electroprocessing
industries etc. The Physico-chemical and structural
investigation of water from river Pandu indicated high level of
chlorides and calcium which made the water unsuitable for human
use. Algae like Cyclotella fumida, Asterionella Formosa,
Cladophora glomerata, Pediastrum simplex, Scenedesmus bijuga,
Cladophora glomerata were the dominant pollution tolerant species
recorded under these conditions. The sensitive and less abundant
species of algae included Spirogyra sps., Merismopedia sps. The
predominance colonies of Zygnema sps, Phormidium sps,
Mycrocystis aeruginosa, Merismopedia minima, Pandorina morum,
seems to correlate with high organic contents of Pandu river water.
This study assumes significance as some algae can be used as
bioindicators of water pollution and algal floral of a municipal drain
carrying waste effluents from industrial area Kanpur and discharge
them into the river Pandu flowing onto southern outskirts of Kanpur
city.
Abstract: This research aimed to develop plasma system used in air conditioners. This developed plasma system could be installed in the air conditioners - all split type. The quality of air could be improved to be equal to present plasma system. Development processes were as follows: 1) to study the plasma system used in the air conditioners, 2) to design a plasma generator, 3) to develop the plasma generator, and 4) to test its performance in many types of the air conditioners. This plasma system was developed by AC high voltage – 14 kv with a frequency of 50 kHz. Carbon was a conductor to generate arc in air purifier system. The research was tested by installing the plasma generator in the air conditioners - wall type. Whereas, there were 3 types of installations: air flow out, air flow in, and room center. The result of the plasma generator installed in the air conditioners, split type, revealed that the air flow out installation provided the highest average of o-zone at 223 mg/h. This type of installation provided the highest efficiency of air quality improvement. Moreover, the air flow in installation and the room center installation provided the average of the o-zone at 163 mg/h and 64 mg/h, respectively.
Abstract: This paper provides a replacement policy for warranty products with different failure rate from the consumer-s viewpoint. Assume that the product is replaced once within a finite planning horizon, and the failure rate of the second product is lower than the failure rate of the first product. Within warranty period (WP), the failed product is corrected by minimal repair without any cost to the consumers. After WP, the failed product is repaired with a fixed repair cost to the consumers. However, each failure incurs a fixed downtime cost to the consumers over a finite planning horizon. In this paper, we derive the model of the expected total disbursement cost within a finite planning horizon and some properties of the optimal replacement policy under some reasonable conditions are obtained. Finally, numerical examples are given to illustrate the features of the optimal replacement policy under various maintenance costs.
Abstract: Among many agro- based cottage industries in India
sericulture has been promoted as an agro-based, labor intensive, rural
oriented cottage industry, providing gainful employment mainly to
the weaker and marginalized section of the society specially tribal.
Sericulture occupies the place of pride in the rural economy can be
practiced even with very low land holding, low gestation, high
returns make sericulture an ideal program, requiring little capital
investment. In 2010-2011 the employment in sericulture sector was
72.5 lakh persons. The involvement of landless rural people in tasar
sericulture is because they understood its potential for rural and tribal
upliftment. This article demonstrates that certain developmental
initiatives have been playing an important role in the socio-economic
progress of tribal masses in Raigarh district and explains the
increased returns from sericulture as a result of development
programs. The study concludes with some suggestions to improve the
long term feasibility of sericulture.
Abstract: Von Willebrand-s disease is the most common
inherited bleeding disorder in humans, it
caused by qualitative abnormalities of the von Willebrand factor
(vWF). Our objective is to determine the prevalence of this disease at
part of the Algerian population in the East and the South by a
biological diagnosis based on specific biological tests (automated
platelet count, the bleeding time (TS), the time of cephalin + activator
(TCA), measure of the prothrombin rate (TP), vWF rate and factor
VIII rate, Molecular electrophoresis of vWF multimers in agarose gel
in the presence of SDS). Four patients of type III or severe
Willebrand-s disease were found on 200 suspect cases. All cases are
showed a deficit in vWF rate (< 5%), and factor VIII (P
Abstract: Accurate evaluation of damping ratios involving soilstructure interaction (SSI) effects is the prerequisite for seismic design of in-situ buildings. This study proposes a combined approach to identify damping ratios of SSI systems based on ambient excitation technique. The proposed approach is illustrated with main test process, sampling principle and algorithm steps through an engineering example, as along with its feasibility and validity. The proposed approach is employed for damping ratio identification of 82 buildings in Xi-an, China. Based on the experimental data, the variation range and tendency of damping ratios of these SSI systems, along with the preliminary influence factor, are shown and discussed. In addition, a fitting curve indicates the relation between the damping ratio and fundamental natural period of SSI system.
Abstract: The cost of developing the software from scratch can
be saved by identifying and extracting the reusable components from
already developed and existing software systems or legacy systems
[6]. But the issue of how to identify reusable components from
existing systems has remained relatively unexplored. We have used
metric based approach for characterizing a software module. In this
present work, the metrics McCabe-s Cyclometric Complexity
Measure for Complexity measurement, Regularity Metric, Halstead
Software Science Indicator for Volume indication, Reuse Frequency
metric and Coupling Metric values of the software component are
used as input attributes to the different types of Neural Network
system and reusability of the software component is calculated. The
results are recorded in terms of Accuracy, Mean Absolute Error
(MAE) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE).
Abstract: This paper presents a modified version of the
maximum urgency first scheduling algorithm. The maximum
urgency algorithm combines the advantages of fixed and dynamic
scheduling to provide the dynamically changing systems with
flexible scheduling. This algorithm, however, has a major
shortcoming due to its scheduling mechanism which may cause a
critical task to fail. The modified maximum urgency first scheduling
algorithm resolves the mentioned problem. In this paper, we propose
two possible implementations for this algorithm by using either
earliest deadline first or modified least laxity first algorithms for
calculating the dynamic priorities. These two approaches are
compared together by simulating the two algorithms. The earliest
deadline first algorithm as the preferred implementation is then
recommended. Afterwards, we make a comparison between our
proposed algorithm and maximum urgency first algorithm using
simulation and results are presented. It is shown that modified
maximum urgency first is superior to maximum urgency first, since it
usually has less task preemption and hence, less related overhead. It
also leads to less failed non-critical tasks in overloaded situations.
Abstract: Nowadays for algae cell ultrasonication the
longitudinal ultrasonic piezosystems are used. In this paper a
possibility of creating unique ultrasonic piezoelectric system, which
would allow reducing energy losses and concentrating this energy to
a small closed volume are proposed. The current vibrating systems
whose ultrasonic energy is concentrated inside of hollow cylinder in
which water-algae mixture is flowing. Two, three or multiply
ultrasonic composite systems to concentrate total energy into a
hollow cylinder to creating strong algae cell ultrasonication are used.
The experiments and numerical FEM analysis results using diskshaped
transducer and the first biological test results on algae cell
disruption by ultrasonication are presented as well.
Abstract: The survey and classification of the different security
attacks in structured peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay networks can be
useful to computer system designers, programmers, administrators,
and users. In this paper, we attempt to provide a taxonomy of
structured P2P overlay networks security attacks. We have specially
focused on the way these attacks can arise at each level of the
network. Moreover, we observed that most of the existing systems
such as Content Addressable Network (CAN), Chord, Pastry,
Tapestry, Kademlia, and Viceroy suffer from threats and vulnerability
which lead to disrupt and corrupt their functioning. We hope that our
survey constitutes a good help for who-s working on this area of
research.
Abstract: Infrared focal plane arrays (IRFPA) sensors, due to
their high sensitivity, high frame frequency and simple structure, have
become the most prominently used detectors in military applications.
However, they suffer from a common problem called the fixed pattern
noise (FPN), which severely degrades image quality and limits the
infrared imaging applications. Therefore, it is necessary to perform
non-uniformity correction (NUC) on IR image. The algorithms of
non-uniformity correction are classified into two main categories, the
calibration-based and scene-based algorithms. There exist some
shortcomings in both algorithms, hence a novel non-uniformity
correction algorithm based on non-linear fit is proposed, which
combines the advantages of the two algorithms. Experimental results
show that the proposed algorithm acquires a good effect of NUC with
a lower non-uniformity ratio.
Abstract: This paper deals with the experimental investigations
of the in-cylinder tumble flows in an unfired internal combustion
engine with a flat piston at the engine speeds ranging from 400 to
1000 rev/min., and also with the dome and dome-cavity pistons at an
engine speed of 1000 rev/min., using particle image velocimetry.
From the two-dimensional in-cylinder flow measurements, tumble
flow analysis is carried out in the combustion space on a vertical
plane passing through cylinder axis. To analyze the tumble flows,
ensemble average velocity vectors are used and to characterize it,
tumble ratio is estimated. From the results, generally, we have found
that tumble ratio varies mainly with crank angle position. Also, at the
end of compression stroke, average turbulent kinetic energy is more
at higher engine speeds. We have also found that, at 330 crank angle
position, flat piston shows an improvement of about 85 and 23% in
tumble ratio, and about 24 and 2.5% in average turbulent kinetic
energy compared to dome and dome-cavity pistons respectively
Abstract: A study concerning the photocatalytic decolourization
of Congo red (CR) dye, over artificial UV irradiation is presented.
Photocatalysts based on a commercial titanium dioxide (TiO2)
modified with transition metals (Ni, Cu and Zn) were used. The
dopage method used was wet impregnation. A TiO2 sample without
salt was subjected to the same hydrothermal treatment to be used as
reference. Congo red solutions to several pH conditions (natural and
basic) were used to evaluate photocatalytic performance of each
doped catalysts. Photodecolourization percentage was measured
spectrofotrometically after 3 h of treatment to 499 nm as response
variable. Kinetics investigations of photodegradation indicated that
reactions obey to Langmuir-Hinshelwood model and pseudo–first
order law. The rate constant studies of photocatalytic decolourization
reactions for Zn–TiO2 and Cu–TiO2 photocatalysts indicated that in
all cases the rate constant of the reaction was higher than that of TiO2
undoped. These results show that nature of the metal modifying the
TiO2 influence on the efficiency of the photocatalyst evaluated in
process. Ni does not present an additional effect compared with TiO2,
while Zn enhances the photoactivity due to its electronic properties.
Abstract: A new blind symbol by symbol equalizer is proposed.
The operation of the proposed equalizer is based on the geometric
properties of the two dimensional data constellation. An unsupervised
clustering technique is used to locate the clusters formed by the
received data. The symmetric properties of the clusters labels are
subsequently utilized in order to label the clusters. Following this
step, the received data are compared to clusters and decisions are
made on a symbol by symbol basis, by assigning to each data
the label of the nearest cluster. The operation of the equalizer is
investigated both in linear and nonlinear channels. The performance
of the proposed equalizer is compared to the performance of a CMAbased
blind equalizer.
Abstract: Each new semiconductor technology node
brings smaller transistors and wires. Although this makes
transistors faster, wires get slower. In nano-scale regime, the
standard copper (Cu) interconnect will become a major hurdle
for FPGA interconnect due to their high resistivity and
electromigration. This paper presents the comprehensive
evaluation of mixed CNT bundle interconnects and
investigates their prospects as energy efficient and high speed
interconnect for future FPGA routing architecture. All
HSPICE simulations are carried out at operating frequency of
1GHz and it is found that mixed CNT bundle implemented in
FPGAs as interconnect can potentially provide a substantial
delay and energy reduction over traditional interconnects at
32nm process technology.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to introduce and study a new concept of strong double χ2 (M,A, Δ) of fuzzy numbers and also some properties of the resulting sequence spaces of fuzzy numbers were examined.
Abstract: The main purpose of the research is to investigate the computer experiences and computer attitudes of prospective class teachers. The research also investigated the differences between computer attitudes and computer experiences, computer competencies and the influence of genders. Ninety prospective class teachers participated in the research. Computer Attitude Scale- Marmara (CAS-M), and a questionnaire, about their computer experiences, and opinions toward the use of computers in the classroom setting, were administrated. The major findings are as follows: (1) 62% of prospective class teachers have computer at home; (2) 50% of the computer owners have computers less than three years; (3) No significant differences were found between computer attitudes and gender; (4) Differences were found between general computer attitudes and computer liking attitudes of prospective class teachers based on their computer competencies in favor of more competent ones.
Abstract: In this paper a real-time trajectory generation algorithm for computing 2-D optimal paths for autonomous aerial vehicles has been discussed. A dynamic programming approach is adopted to compute k-best paths by minimizing a cost function. Collision detection is implemented to detect intersection of the paths with obstacles. Our contribution is a novel approach to the problem of trajectory generation that is computationally efficient and offers considerable gain over existing techniques.
Abstract: The work presented in this study is related to an
energy system analysis based on passive cooling system for
dwellings. It consists to solar chimney energy performances
determination versus geometrical and environmental considerations
as the size and inlet width conditions of the chimney. Adrar site
located in the southern region of Algeria is chosen for this study
according to ambient temperature and solar irradiance technical data
availability. Obtained results are related to the glazing temperature
distributions, the chimney air flow and internal wall temperatures.
The air room change per hour (ACH) parameter, the outlet air
velocity and mass air flow rate are also determined. It is shown that
the chimney width has a significant effect on energy performances
compared to its entry size. A good agreement is observed between
these results and those obtained by others from the literature.