Abstract: The field of biomedical materials plays an imperative
requisite and a critical role in manufacturing a variety of biological
artificial replacements in a modern world. Recently, titanium (Ti)
materials are being used as biomaterials because of their superior
corrosion resistance and tremendous specific strength, free- allergic
problems and the greatest biocompatibility compared to other
competing biomaterials such as stainless steel, Co-Cr alloys,
ceramics, polymers, and composite materials. However, regardless of
these excellent performance properties, Implantable Ti materials have
poor shear strength and wear resistance which limited their
applications as biomaterials. Even though the wear properties of Ti
alloys has revealed some improvements, the crucial effectiveness of
biomedical Ti alloys as wear components requires a comprehensive
deep understanding of the wear reasons, mechanisms, and techniques
that can be used to improve wear behavior. This review examines
current information on the effect of thermal and thermomechanical
processing of implantable Ti materials on the long-term prosthetic
requirement which related with wear behavior. This paper focuses
mainly on the evolution, evaluation and development of effective
microstructural features that can improve wear properties of bio
grade Ti materials using thermal and thermomechanical treatments.
Abstract: The Algorithm 2 for a n-link manipulator movement amidst arbitrary unknown static obstacles for a case when a sensor system supplies information about local neighborhoods of different points in the configuration space is presented. The Algorithm 2 guarantees the reaching of a target position in a finite number of steps. The Algorithm 2 is reduced to a finite number of calls of a subroutine for planning a trajectory in the presence of known forbidden states. The polynomial approximation algorithm which is used as the subroutine is presented. The results of the Algorithm2 implementation are given.
Abstract: This study systemizes processes and methods in
wooden furniture design that contains uniqueness in function and
aesthetics. The study was done by research and analysis for
designer-s consideration factors that affect function and production.
Therefore, the study result indicates that such factors are design
process (planning for design, product specifications, concept design,
product architecture, industrial design, production), design evaluation
as well as wooden furniture design dependent factors i.e. art (art
style; furniture history, form), functionality (the strength and
durability, area place, using), material (appropriate to function, wood
mechanical properties), joints, cost, safety, and social responsibility.
Specifically, all aforementioned factors affect good design. Resulting
from direct experience gained through user-s usage, the designer
must design the wooden furniture systemically and effectively. As a
result, this study selected dinning armchair as a case study with all
involving factors and all design process stated in this study.
Abstract: In this study, The physico-chemical and nutritional
properties of `Musmula` Medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) fruit and
seed grown in Northeast Anatolia was investigated. In the fruit,
length, width, thickness, weight, total soluble solids, colour (1),
colour (2) [L, a, b values], protein, crude ash, crude fiber, crude oil,
texture and pH were determinated as 4.34 cm, 4.22 cm, 3.67 cm,
38.36 g, 23.97 %, S60O60Y41,, [53.85, 17.15, 33.75], 1.06 %, 0.79 %,
4.24 %, 0.005 %, 1.21 kg/cm2 and 4.26 respectively. Also, pulp ratio,
seed ratio and pulp/seed ratio were found to be 92.88 %, 7.11 % and
14.07 %, respectively. In addition, the mineral composition of medlar
fruit in Northeast Anatolia was studied. In the fruit, 23 minerals were
analyzed and 19 minerals were present at detectable levels. The
medlar fruit was richest in potassium (6962 ppm), calcium (1186.378
ppm), magnesium (1070.08 ppm) and phosphor (763.425 ppm).
Abstract: Recently, nanomaterials are developed in the form of nano-films, nano-crystals and nano-pores. Lanthanide phosphates as a material find extensive application as laser, ceramic, sensor, phosphor, and also in optoelectronics, medical and biological labels, solar cells and light sources. Among the different kinds of rare-earth orthophosphates, yttrium orthophosphate has been shown to be an efficient host lattice for rare earth activator ions, which have become a research focus because of their important role in the field of light display systems, lasers, and optoelectronic devices. It is in this context that the 4fn- « 4fn-1 5d transitions of rare earth in insulating materials, lying in the UV and VUV, are the aim of large number of studies .Though there has been a few reports on Eu3+, Nd3+, Pr3+,Er3+, Ce3+, Tm3+ doped YPO4. The 4fn- « 4fn-1 5d transitions of the rare earth dependent to the host-matrix, several matrices ions were used to study these transitions, in this work we are suggesting to study on a very specific class of inorganic material that are orthophosphate doped with rare earth ions. This study focused on the effect of Ce3+ concentration on the structural and optical properties of Ce3+ doped YPO4 yttrium orthophosphate with powder form prepared by the Sol Gel method.
Abstract: In recent years with the rapid development of Internet and the Web, more and more web applications have been deployed in many fields and organizations such as finance, military, and government. Together with that, hackers have found more subtle ways to attack web applications. According to international statistics, SQL Injection is one of the most popular vulnerabilities of web applications. The consequences of this type of attacks are quite dangerous, such as sensitive information could be stolen or authentication systems might be by-passed. To mitigate the situation, several techniques have been adopted. In this research, a security solution is proposed using Artificial Neural Network to protect web applications against this type of attacks. The solution has been experimented on sample datasets and has given promising result. The solution has also been developed in a prototypic web application firewall called ANNbWAF.
Abstract: Urbanization and related anthropogenic modifications
cause extent of habitat fragmentation and directly lead to decline of
local biodiversity. Conservation biologists advocate corridor creation
as one approach to rescue biodiversity. Here we examine the utility of
roads as corridors in preserving plant diversity by investigating
roadside vegetation in Yellow River Delta (YRD), China. We
examined the spatio-temporal distribution pattern of plant species
richness, diversity and composition along roadside. The results
suggest that roads, as dispersal conduits, increase occurrence
probability of new settlers to a new area, meanwhile, roads accumulate
the greater propagule pressure and favourable survival condition
during operation phase. As a result, more species, including native and
alien plants, non- halophyte and halophyte species, threatened and
cosmopolitic species, were found prosperous at roadside. Roadside
may be a refuge for more species, and the pattern of vegetation
distribution is affected by road age and the distance from road verge.
Abstract: Cognitive Science appeared about 40 years ago,
subsequent to the challenge of the Artificial Intelligence, as common
territory for several scientific disciplines such as: IT, mathematics,
psychology, neurology, philosophy, sociology, and linguistics. The
new born science was justified by the complexity of the problems
related to the human knowledge on one hand, and on the other by the
fact that none of the above mentioned sciences could explain alone
the mental phenomena. Based on the data supplied by the
experimental sciences such as psychology or neurology, models of
the human mind operation are built in the cognition science. These
models are implemented in computer programs and/or electronic
circuits (specific to the artificial intelligence) – cognitive systems –
whose competences and performances are compared to the human
ones, leading to the psychology and neurology data reinterpretation,
respectively to the construction of new models. During these
processes if psychology provides the experimental basis, philosophy
and mathematics provides the abstraction level utterly necessary for
the intermission of the mentioned sciences.
The ongoing general problematic of the cognitive approach
provides two important types of approach: the computational one,
starting from the idea that the mental phenomenon can be reduced to
1 and 0 type calculus operations, and the connection one that
considers the thinking products as being a result of the interaction
between all the composing (included) systems. In the field of
psychology measurements in the computational register use classical
inquiries and psychometrical tests, generally based on calculus
methods. Deeming things from both sides that are representing the
cognitive science, we can notice a gap in psychological product
measurement possibilities, regarded from the connectionist
perspective, that requires the unitary understanding of the quality –
quantity whole. In such approach measurement by calculus proves to
be inefficient. Our researches, deployed for longer than 20 years,
lead to the conclusion that measuring by forms properly fits to the
connectionism laws and principles.
Abstract: The ever-growing usage of aspect-oriented
development methodology in the field of software engineering
requires tool support for both research environments and industry. So
far, tool support for many activities in aspect-oriented software
development has been proposed, to automate and facilitate their
development. For instance, the AJaTS provides a transformation
system to support aspect-oriented development and refactoring. In
particular, it is well established that the abstract interpretation of
programs, in any paradigm, pursued in static analysis is best served
by a high-level programs representation, such as Control Flow Graph
(CFG). This is why such analysis can more easily locate common
programmatic idioms for which helpful transformation are already
known as well as, association between the input program and
intermediate representation can be more closely maintained.
However, although the current researches define the good concepts
and foundations, to some extent, for control flow analysis of aspectoriented
programs but they do not provide a concrete tool that can
solely construct the CFG of these programs. Furthermore, most of
these works focus on addressing the other issues regarding Aspect-
Oriented Software Development (AOSD) such as testing or data flow
analysis rather than CFG itself. Therefore, this study is dedicated to
build an aspect-oriented control flow graph construction tool called
AJcFgraph Builder. The given tool can be applied in many software
engineering tasks in the context of AOSD such as, software testing,
software metrics, and so forth.
Abstract: The rapid pace of technological advancement and its
consequential widening digital divide has resulted in the
marginalization of the disabled especially the communication
challenged. The dearth of suitable technologies for the development
of assistive technologies has served to further marginalize the
communications challenged user population and widen this chasm
even further. Given the varying levels of disability there and its
associated requirement for customized solution based. This paper
explains the use of a Software Development Kits (SDK) for the
bridging of this communications divide through the use of industry
poplar communications SDKs towards identification of requirements
for communications challenged users as well as identification of
appropriate frameworks for future development initiatives.
Abstract: Partial combustion of biomass in the gasifier generates producer gas that can be used for heating purposes and as supplementary or sole fuel in internal combustion engines. In this study, the virgin biomass obtained from hingan shell is used as the feedstock for gasifier to generate producer gas. The gasifier-engine system is operated on diesel and on esters of vegetable oil of hingan in liquid fuel mode operation and then on liquid fuel and producer gas combination in dual fuel mode operation. The performance and emission characteristics of the CI engine is analyzed by running the engine in liquid fuel mode operation and in dual fuel mode operation at different load conditions with respect to maximum diesel savings in the dual fuel mode operation. It was observed that specific energy consumption in the dual fuel mode of operation is found to be in the higher side at all load conditions. The brake thermal efficiency of the engine using diesel or hingan oil methyl ester (HOME) is higher than that of dual fuel mode operation. A diesel replacement in the tune of 60% in dual fuel mode is possible with the use of hingan shell producer gas. The emissions parameters such CO, HC, NOx, CO2 and smoke are higher in the case of dual fuel mode of operation as compared to that of liquid fuel mode.
Abstract: In the semiconductor manufacturing process, large
amounts of data are collected from various sensors of multiple
facilities. The collected data from sensors have several different characteristics
due to variables such as types of products, former processes
and recipes. In general, Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods
assume the normality of the data to detect out-of-control states of
processes. Although the collected data have different characteristics,
using the data as inputs of SQC will increase variations of data,
require wide control limits, and decrease performance to detect outof-
control. Therefore, it is necessary to separate similar data groups
from mixed data for more accurate process control. In the paper,
we propose a regression tree using split algorithm based on Pearson
distribution to handle non-normal distribution in parametric method.
The regression tree finds similar properties of data from different
variables. The experiments using real semiconductor manufacturing
process data show improved performance in fault detecting ability.
Abstract: The aim of this article is to assess the existing
business models used by the banks operating in the CEE countries in
the time period from 2006 till 2011.
In order to obtain research results, the authors performed
qualitative analysis of the scientific literature on bank business
models, which have been grouped into clusters that consist of such
components as: 1) capital and reserves; 2) assets; 3) deposits, and 4)
loans.
In their turn, bank business models have been developed based on
the types of core activities of the banks, and have been divided into
four groups: Wholesale, Investment, Retail and Universal Banks.
Descriptive statistics have been used to analyse the models,
determining mean, minimal and maximal values of constituent
cluster components, as well as standard deviation. The analysis of
the data is based on such bank variable indices as Return on Assets
(ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE).
Abstract: In this research, effort was made to identify and
evaluate barriers to the development of entrepreneurship among
Iranian entrepreneur women who were graduated from universities.
In this study, perspectives of thirty-seven available entrepreneur
women were examined. In order to prepare questionnaires and
receive knowledge about barriers among these women, seven cases of
entrepreneur women took part in in-depth interviews. Then, to
evaluate the importance of barriers, the researchers made a
questionnaire with closed questions in which the barriers were
classified into the following categories: personal-familial barriers;
socio-cultural barriers; economic-financial-commercial barriers; and
structural barriers. Entrepreneur women were requested to rate the
importance of each item. The results indicated that there were
different obstacles among entrepreneur women. The order of the
important barriers was as fallow: economic-financial-commercial,
structural, socio-cultural, and personal-familial.
Abstract: Majority of pepper farmers in Malaysia are using the
open-sun method for drying the pepper berries. This method is time
consuming and exposed the berries to rain and contamination. A
maintenance-friendly and properly enclosed dryer is therefore
desired. A dryer design with a solar collector and a chimney was
studied and adapted to suit the needs of small-scale pepper farmers in
Malaysia. The dryer will provide an environment with an optimum
operating temperature meant for drying pepper berries. The dryer
model was evaluated by using commercially available computational
fluid dynamic (CFD) software in order to understand the heat and
mass transfer inside the dryer. Natural convection was the only mode
of heat transportation considered in this study as in accordance to the
idea of having a simple and maintenance-friendly design. To
accommodate the effect of low buoyancy found in natural convection
driers, a biomass burner was integrated into the solar dryer design.
Abstract: Since 2008 a new economic crisis is present is the
entire planet. This crisis affects several domains of the economic but
also of the social life. Consumption decreases due to the lack of
necessary resources of households to increase their expenditures. The
car manufacturing is one of the main industrial activities in European
Union (EU) and the present crisis particularly affects it. The present
study examines the correlations between several socio-economic
indicators and car market in European Union. The target is to find out
the impact of the present economic crisis on the car market in EU.
Abstract: Data mining incorporates a group of statistical
methods used to analyze a set of information, or a data set. It operates
with models and algorithms, which are powerful tools with the great
potential. They can help people to understand the patterns in certain
chunk of information so it is obvious that the data mining tools have
a wide area of applications. For example in the theoretical chemistry
data mining tools can be used to predict moleculeproperties or
improve computer-assisted drug design. Classification analysis is one
of the major data mining methodologies. The aim of thecontribution
is to create a classification model, which would be able to deal with a
huge data set with high accuracy. For this purpose logistic regression,
Bayesian logistic regression and random forest models were built
using R software. TheBayesian logistic regression in Latent GOLD
software was created as well. These classification methods belong to
supervised learning methods.
It was necessary to reduce data matrix dimension before construct
models and thus the factor analysis (FA) was used. Those models
were applied to predict the biological activity of molecules, potential
new drug candidates.
Abstract: This paper covers various aspects of the Internet film
piracy. In order to successfully deal with this matter, it is needed to
recognize and explain various motivational factors related to film
piracy. Thus, this study proposes groups of economical, sociopsychological
and other factors that could motivate individuals
to engage in pirate activities. The paper also studies the interactions
between downloaders and uploaders and offers the causality of the
motivational factors and its effects on the film industry.
Moreover, the study also focuses on proposed scheme of relations
of downloading movies and the possible effect on box office
revenues.
Abstract: In this paper, the dynamic analysis of fuel storage
tanks has been studied and some equations are presented for the
created fluid waves due to storage tank motions. Also, the equations
for finite elements of fluid and structure interactions, and boundary
conditions dominant on structure and fluid, were researched. In this
paper, a numerical simulation is performed for the dynamic analysis
of a storage tank contained a fluid. This simulation has carried out by
ANSYS software, using FSI solver (Fluid and Structure Interaction
solver), and by considering the simulated fluid dynamic motions due
to earthquake loading, based on velocities and movements of
structure and fluid according to all boundary conditions dominant on
structure and fluid.
Abstract: Although oil-based drilling fluids are of paramount practical and economical interest, they represent a serious source of pollution, once released into the environment as drill cuttings. The aim of this study is to assess the capability of isolated microorganisms to degrade gasoil fuel. The commonly used physicochemical and biodegradation remediation techniques of petroleum contaminated soil were both investigated. The study revealed that natural biodegradation is favorable. Even though, the presence of heavy metals, the moisture level of (8.55%) and nutrient deficiencies put severe constrains on microorganisms- survival ranges inhibiting the biodegradation process. The selected strains were able to degrade the diesel fuel at significantly high rates (around 98%).