Abstract: The algorithm represents the DCT coefficients to concentrate signal energy and proposes combination and dictator to eliminate the correlation in the same level subband for encoding the DCT-based images. This work adopts DCT and modifies the SPIHT algorithm to encode DCT coefficients. The proposed algorithm also provides the enhancement function in low bit rate in order to improve the perceptual quality. Experimental results indicate that the proposed technique improves the quality of the reconstructed image in terms of both PSNR and the perceptual results close to JPEG2000 at the same bit rate.
Abstract: This paper proposes a modeling methodology for the
development of data analysis solution. The Author introduce the
approach to address data warehousing issues at the at enterprise level.
The methodology covers the process of the requirements eliciting and
analysis stage as well as initial design of data warehouse. The paper
reviews extended business process model, which satisfy the needs of
data warehouse development. The Author considers that the use of
business process models is necessary, as it reflects both enterprise
information systems and business functions, which are important for
data analysis. The Described approach divides development into
three steps with different detailed elaboration of models. The
Described approach gives possibility to gather requirements and
display them to business users in easy manner.
Abstract: Automatic face detection is a complex problem in
image processing. Many methods exist to solve this problem such as
template matching, Fisher Linear Discriminate, Neural Networks,
SVM, and MRC. Success has been achieved with each method to
varying degrees and complexities. In proposed algorithm we used
upright, frontal faces for single gray scale images with decent
resolution and under good lighting condition. In the field of face
recognition technique the single face is matched with single face
from the training dataset. The author proposed a neural network
based face detection algorithm from the photographs as well as if any
test data appears it check from the online scanned training dataset.
Experimental result shows that the algorithm detected up to 95%
accuracy for any image.
Abstract: A high performance computer includes a fast
processor and millions bytes of memory. During the data processing,
huge amount of information are shuffled between the memory and
processor. Because of its small size and its effectiveness speed, cache
has become a common feature of high performance computers.
Enhancing cache performance proved to be essential in the speed up
of cache-based computers. Most enhancement approaches can be
classified as either software based or hardware controlled. The
performance of the cache is quantified in terms of hit ratio or miss
ratio. In this paper, we are optimizing the cache performance based
on enhancing the cache hit ratio. The optimum cache performance is
obtained by focusing on the cache hardware modification in the way
to make a quick rejection to the missed line's tags from the hit-or
miss comparison stage, and thus a low hit time for the wanted line in
the cache is achieved. In the proposed technique which we called
Even- Odd Tabulation (EOT), the cache lines come from the main
memory into cache are classified in two types; even line's tags and
odd line's tags depending on their Least Significant Bit (LSB). This
division is exploited by EOT technique to reject the miss match line's
tags in very low time compared to the time spent by the main
comparator in the cache, giving an optimum hitting time for the
wanted cache line. The high performance of EOT technique against
the familiar mapping technique FAM is shown in the simulated
results.
Abstract: The influence of axial magnetic field (B=0.48 T) on
the variation of ionization efficiency coefficient h and secondary
electron emission coefficient g with respect to reduced electric field
E/P is studied at a new range of plane-parallel electrode spacing (0<
d< 20 cm) and different nitrogen working pressure between 0.5-20
Pa. The axial magnetic field is produced from an inductive copper
coil of radius 5.6 cm. The experimental data of breakdown voltage is
adopted to estimate the mean Paschen curves at different working
features. The secondary electron emission coefficient is calculated
from the mean Paschen curve and used to determine the minimum
breakdown voltage. A reduction of discharge voltage of about 25% is
investigated by the applied of axial magnetic field. At high interelectrode
spacing, the effect of axial magnetic field becomes more
significant for the obtained values of h but it was less for the values
of g.
Abstract: The dynamic behaviour of a four-bar linkage driven by a velocity controlled DC motor is discussed in the paper. In particular the author presents the results obtained by means of a specifically developed software, which implements the mathematical models of all components of the system (linkage, transmission, electric motor, control devices). The use of this software enables a more efficient design approach, since it allows the designer to check, in a simple and immediate way, the dynamic behaviour of the mechanism, arising from different values of the system parameters.
Abstract: The aim of the paper is based on detailed analysis of
literary sources and carried out research to develop a model
development and implementation of innovation strategy in the
business. The paper brings the main results of the authors conducted
research on a sample of 462 respondents that shows the current
situation in the Slovak enterprises in the use of innovation strategy.
Carried out research and analysis provided the base for a model
development and implementation of innovation strategy in the
business, which is in the paper in detail, step by step explained with
emphasis on the implementation process. Implementing the
innovation strategy is described a separate model. Paper contains
recommendations for successful implementation of innovation
strategy in the business. These recommendations should serve mainly
business managers as valuable tool in implementing the innovation
strategy.
Abstract: In designing of condensers, the prediction of pressure
drop is as important as the prediction of heat transfer coefficient.
Modeling of two phase flow, particularly liquid – vapor flow under
diabatic conditions inside a horizontal tube using CFD analysis is
difficult with the available two phase models in FLUENT due to
continuously changing flow patterns. In the present analysis, CFD
analysis of two phase flow of refrigerants inside a horizontal tube of
inner diameter, 0.0085 m and 1.2 m length is carried out using
homogeneous model under adiabatic conditions. The refrigerants
considered are R22, R134a and R407C. The analysis is performed at
different saturation temperatures and at different flow rates to
evaluate the local frictional pressure drop. Using Homogeneous
model, average properties are obtained for each of the refrigerants
that is considered as single phase pseudo fluid. The so obtained
pressure drop data is compared with the separated flow models
available in literature.
Abstract: Available Bit Rate Service (ABR) is the lower priority
service and the better service for the transmission of data. On wireline
ATM networks ABR source is always getting the feedback from
switches about increase or decrease of bandwidth according to the
changing network conditions and minimum bandwidth is guaranteed.
In wireless networks guaranteeing the minimum bandwidth is really a
challenging task as the source is always in mobile and traveling from
one cell to another cell. Re establishment of virtual circuits from start
to end every time causes the delay in transmission. In our proposed
solution we proposed the mechanism to provide more available
bandwidth to the ABR source by re-usage of part of old Virtual
Channels and establishing the new ones. We want the ABR source to
transmit the data continuously (non-stop) inorderto avoid the delay.
In worst case scenario at least minimum bandwidth is to be allocated.
In order to keep the data flow continuously, priority is given to the
handoff ABR call against new ABR call.
Abstract: This paper presents the experimental results of a
single cylinder Enfield engine using an electronically controlled fuel
injection system which was developed to carry out exhaustive tests
using neat CNG, and mixtures of hydrogen in compressed natural gas
(HCNG) as 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% by energy. Experiments were
performed at 2000 and 2400 rpm with wide open throttle and varying
the equivalence ratio. Hydrogen which has fast burning rate, when
added to compressed natural gas, enhances its flame propagation rate.
The emissions of HC, CO, decreased with increasing percentage of
hydrogen but NOx was found to increase. The results indicated a
marked improvement in the brake thermal efficiency with the
increase in percentage of hydrogen added. The improved thermal
efficiency was clearly observed to be more in lean region as
compared to rich region. This study is expected to reduce vehicular
emissions along with increase in thermal efficiency and thus help in
reduction of further environmental degradation.
Abstract: Graph based image segmentation techniques are
considered to be one of the most efficient segmentation techniques
which are mainly used as time & space efficient methods for real
time applications. How ever, there is need to focus on improving the
quality of segmented images obtained from the earlier graph based
methods. This paper proposes an improvement to the graph based
image segmentation methods already described in the literature. We
contribute to the existing method by proposing the use of a weighted
Euclidean distance to calculate the edge weight which is the key
element in building the graph. We also propose a slight modification
of the segmentation method already described in the literature, which
results in selection of more prominent edges in the graph. The
experimental results show the improvement in the segmentation
quality as compared to the methods that already exist, with a slight
compromise in efficiency.
Abstract: A active inductor in CMOS techonology with a supply voltage of 1.8V is presented. The value of the inductance L can be in the range from 0.12nH to 0.25nH in high frequency(HF). The proposed active inductor is designed in TSMC 0.18-um CMOS technology. The power dissipation of this inductor can retain constant at all operating frequency bands and consume around 20mW from 1.8V power supply. Inductors designed by integrated circuit occupy much smaller area, for this reason,attracted researchers attention for more than decade. In this design we used Advanced Designed System (ADS) for simulating cicuit.
Abstract: This paper demonstrates the results when either
Shiftrows stage or Mixcolumns stage and when both the stages are
omitted in the well known block cipher Advanced Encryption
Standard(AES) and its modified version AES with Key Dependent
S-box(AES-KDS), using avalanche criterion and other tests namely
encryption quality, correlation coefficient, histogram analysis and
key sensitivity tests.
Abstract: PARADIGMA (PARticipative Approach to DIsease
Global Management) is a pilot project which aims to develop and
demonstrate an Internet based reference framework to share scientific
resources and findings in the treatment of major diseases.
PARADIGMA defines and disseminates a common methodology and
optimised protocols (Clinical Pathways) to support service functions
directed to patients and individuals on matters like prevention, posthospitalisation
support and awareness. PARADIGMA will provide a
platform of information services - user oriented and optimised
against social, cultural and technological constraints - supporting the
Health Care Global System of the Euro-Mediterranean Community
in a continuous improvement process.
Abstract: Indoor air distribution has great impact on people-s thermal sensation. Therefore, how to remove the indoor excess heat becomes an important issue to create a thermally comfortable indoor environment. To expel the extra indoor heat effectively, this paper used a dynamic CFD approach to study the effect of an air-supply guide vane swinging periodically on the indoor air distribution within a model room. The numerical results revealed that the indoor heat transfer performance caused by the swing guide vane had close relation with the number of vortices developing under the inlet cold jet. At larger swing amplitude, two smaller vortices continued to shed outward under the cold jet and remove the indoor heat load more effectively. As a result, it can be found that the average Nusselt number on the floor increased with the increase of the swing amplitude of the guide vane.
Abstract: In Algeria, liberalization reforms undertaken since the 1990s have resulted in negative effects on the development and management of irrigation schemes, as well as on the conditions of farmers. Reforms have been undertaken to improve the performance of irrigation schemes, such as the national plan of agricultural development (PNDA) in 2000 and the water pricing policy of 2005. However, after implementation of these policies, questions have arisen with regard to irrigation performance and its suitability for agricultural development. Hence, the aim of this paper is to provide insight into the profitability of irrigation during the transition period under current irrigation agricultural policies in Algeria. By using the method of farm crop budget analysis in the East Mitidja irrigation scheme, the returns from using surface water resources based on farm typology were found to vary among crops and farmers- groups within the scheme. Irrigation under the current situation is profitable for all farmers, including both those who benefit from subsidies and those who do not. However, the returns to water were found to be very sensitive to crop price fluctuations, particularly for non-subsidized groups and less so for those whose farming is based on orchards. Moreover, the socio-economic environment of the farmers contributed to less significant impacts of the PNDA policy. In fact, the limiting factor is not only the water, but also the lack of land ownership title. Market access constraints led to less agricultural investment and therefore to low intensification and low water productivity. It is financially feasible to recover the annual O&M costs in the irrigation scheme. By comparing the irrigation water price, returns to water, and O&M costs of water delivery, it is clear that irrigation can be profitable in the future. However, water productivity must be improved by enhancing farmers- income through farming investment, improving assets access, and the allocation of activities and crops which bring high returns to water; this could allow the farmers to pay more for water and allow cost recovery for water systems.
Abstract: Recently, wireless sensor networks have been paid
more interest, are widely used in a lot of commercial and military
applications, and may be deployed in critical scenarios (e.g. when a
malfunctioning network results in danger to human life or great
financial loss). Such networks must be protected against human
intrusion by using the secret keys to encrypt the exchange messages
between communicating nodes. Both the symmetric and asymmetric
methods have their own drawbacks for use in key management. Thus,
we avoid the weakness of these two cryptosystems and make use of
their advantages to establish a secure environment by developing the
new method for encryption depending on the idea of code
conversion. The code conversion-s equations are used as the key for
designing the proposed system based on the basics of logic gate-s
principals. Using our security architecture, we show how to reduce
significant attacks on wireless sensor networks.
Abstract: In this paper, we start by first characterizing the most
important and distinguishing features of wavelet-based watermarking
schemes. We studied the overwhelming amount of algorithms
proposed in the literature. Application scenario, copyright protection
is considered and building on the experience that was gained,
implemented two distinguishing watermarking schemes. Detailed
comparison and obtained results are presented and discussed. We
concluded that Joo-s [1] technique is more robust for standard noise
attacks than Dote-s [2] technique.
Abstract: The paper presents a computational tool developed for
the evaluation of technical and economic advantages of an innovative
cleaning and conditioning technology of fluidized bed steam/oxygen
gasifiers outlet product gas. This technology integrates into a single
unit the steam gasification of biomass and the hot gas cleaning and
conditioning system. Both components of the computational tool,
process flowsheet and economic evaluator, have been developed
under IPSEpro software. The economic model provides information
that can help potential users, especially small and medium size
enterprises acting in the regenerable energy field, to decide the
optimal scale of a plant and to better understand both potentiality and
limits of the system when applied to a wide range of conditions.
Abstract: The current paper conceptualizes the technique of
release consistency indispensable with the concept of
synchronization that is user-defined. Programming model concreted
with object and class is illustrated and demonstrated. The essence of
the paper is phases, events and parallel computing execution .The
technique by which the values are visible on shared variables is
implemented. The second part of the paper consist of user defined
high level synchronization primitives implementation and system
architecture with memory protocols. There is a proposition of
techniques which are core in deciding the validating and invalidating
a stall page .