Abstract: The complex hybrid and nonlinear nature of many processes that are met in practice causes problems with both structure modelling and parameter identification; therefore, obtaining a model that is suitable for MPC is often a difficult task. The basic idea of this paper is to present an identification method for a piecewise affine (PWA) model based on a fuzzy clustering algorithm. First we introduce the PWA model. Next, we tackle the identification method. We treat the fuzzy clustering algorithm, deal with the projections of the fuzzy clusters into the input space of the PWA model and explain the estimation of the parameters of the PWA model by means of a modified least-squares method. Furthermore, we verify the usability of the proposed identification approach on a hybrid nonlinear batch reactor example. The result suggest that the batch reactor can be efficiently identified and thus formulated as a PWA model, which can eventually be used for model predictive control purposes.
Abstract: This paper presents kinematic and dynamic analysis of a novel 8-DOF hybrid robot manipulator. The hybrid robot manipulator under consideration consists of a parallel robot which
is followed by a serial mechanism. The parallel mechanism has three translational DOF, and the serial mechanism has five DOF so that the overall degree of freedom is eight. The introduced
manipulator has a wide workspace and a high capability to reduce
the actuating energy. The inverse and forward kinematic solutions are described in closed form. The theoretical results are verified by
a numerical example. Inverse dynamic analysis of the robot is presented by utilizing the Iterative Newton-Euler and Lagrange dynamic formulation methods. Finally, for performing a multi-step
arc welding process, results have indicated that the introduced manipulator is highly capable of reducing the actuating energy.
Abstract: Algae-based fuel are considered a promising sources
of clean energy, and because it has many advantages over traditional
biofuel, research and business ventures have driven into developing
and producing Algal-biofuel. But its production stages create a cost
structure that it is not competitive with traditional fuels. Therefore,
cost becomes the main obstacle in commercial production purpose.
However, the present research which aims at using cost structure
model, and designed MS-Dose program, to investigate the a mount of
production cost and determined the parameter had great effect on it,
second to measured the amount of contribution rate of algae in
process the pollution by capturing Co2 from air . The result generated
from the model shows that the production cost of biomass is between
$0.137 /kg for 100 ha and $0.132 /kg for 500 ha which was less than
cost of other studies, while gallon costs between $3.4 - 3.5, more
than traditional sources of oil about $1 ,which regarded as a rate of
contribution of algal in capturing CO2 from air.
Abstract: The integrity and issues related to electrostatic performance associated with scaling Si MOSFET bulk sub 10nm channel length promotes research in new device architectures such as SOI, double gate and GAA MOSFET. In this paper, we present some novel characteristic of horizontal rectangular gate\gate all around MOSFETs with dual metal of gate we obtained using SILVACO TCAD tools. We will also exhibit some simulation results we obtained relating to the influence of some parameters variation on our structure, that having a direct impact on their threshold voltage and drain current. In addition, our TFET showed reasonable ION/IOFF ratio of (104) and low drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) of 39 mV/V.
Abstract: Modelling techniques for a fluid coupling taken from
published literature have been extended to include the effects of the
filling and emptying of the coupling with oil and the variation in
losses when the coupling is partially full. In the model, the fluid flow
inside the coupling is considered to have two principal velocity
components; one circumferentially about the coupling axis
(centrifugal head) and the other representing the secondary vortex
within the coupling itself (vortex head). The calculation of liquid
mass flow rate circulating between the two halves of the coupling is
based on: the assumption of a linear velocity variation in the
circulating vortex flow; the head differential in the fluid due to the
speed difference between the two shafts; and the losses in the
circulating vortex flow as a result of the impingement of the flow
with the blades in the coupling and friction within the passages
between the blades.
Abstract: In this paper, fluid flow patterns of steady incompressible flow inside shear driven cavity are studied. The numerical simulations are conducted by using lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for different Reynolds numbers. In order to simulate the flow, derivation of macroscopic hydrodynamics equations from the continuous Boltzmann equation need to be performed. Then, the numerical results of shear-driven flow inside square and triangular cavity are compared with results found in literature review. Present study found that flow patterns are affected by the geometry of the cavity and the Reynolds numbers used.
Abstract: At the present, auto part industries have become higher challenge in strategy market. As this consequence, manufacturers need to have better response to customers in terms of quality, cost, and delivery time. Moreover, they need to have a good management in factory to comply with international standard maximum capacity and lower cost. This would lead companies to have to order standard part from aboard and become the major cost of inventory. The development of auto part research by recycling materials experiment is to compare the auto parts from recycle materials to international auto parts (CKD). Factors studied in this research were the recycle material ratios of PU-foam, felt, and fabric. Results of recycling materials were considered in terms of qualities and properties on the parameters such as weight, sound absorption, water absorption, tensile strength, elongation, and heat resistance with the CKD. The results were showed that recycling materials would be used to replace for the CKD.
Abstract: We have developed a distributed asynchronous Web
based training system. In order to improve the scalability and robustness
of this system, all contents and a function are realized on
mobile agents. These agents are distributed to computers, and they
can use a Peer to Peer network that modified Content-Addressable
Network. In this system, all computers offer the function and exercise
by themselves. However, the system that all computers do the same
behavior is not realistic. In this paper, as a solution of this issue,
we present an e-Learning system that is composed of computers
of different participation types. Enabling the computer of different
participation types will improve the convenience of the system.
Abstract: Brand name plays a vital role for in-shop buying
behavior of consumers and mutated brand name may affect the
selling of leading branded products. In Indian market, there are many
products with mutated brand names which are either orthographically
or phonologically similar. Due to presence of such products, Indian
consumers very often fall under confusion when buying some
regularly used stuff. Authors of the present paper have attempted to
demonstrate relationship between less attention and false recognition
of mutated brand names during a product selection process. To
achieve this goal, visual attention study was conducted on 15 male
college students using eye-tracker against a mutated brand name and
errors in recognition were noted using questionnaire. Statistical
analysis of the acquired data revealed that there was more false
recognition of mutated brand name when less attention was paid
during selection of favorite product. Moreover, it was perceived that
eye tracking is an effective tool for analyzing false recognition of
brand name mutation.
Abstract: The study was conducted to investigate the profile of
hepatitis in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and to determine which age
group hepatitis viruses most commonly infect. The epidemiology of
viral hepatitis in Saudi Arabia has undergone major changes,
concurrent with major socioeconomic developments over the last two
to three decades. This disease represents a major public health
problem in Saudi Arabia resulting in the need for considerable
healthcare resources. A retrospective cross sectional analysis of the
reported cases of viral hepatitis was conducted based on the reports
of The Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia about Hepatitis A, B and C
infections in all regions from the period of January 2006 to December
2010. The study demonstrated that incidence of viral Hepatitis is
decreasing, except for Hepatitis B that showed minimal increase. Of
hepatitis A, B, and C, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was the most
predominant type, accounting for (53%) of the cases, followed by
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) (30%) and HAV (17%). HAV infection
predominates in children (5–14 years) with 60% of viral hepatitis
cases, HBV in young adults (15–44 years) with 69% of viral hepatitis
cases, and HCV in older adults (>45 years) with 59% of viral
hepatitis cases. Despite significant changes in the prevalence of viral
hepatitis A, B and C, it remains a major public health problem in
Saudi Arabia; however, it showed a significant decline in the last two
decades that could be attributed to the vaccination programs and the
improved health facilities. Further researches are needed to identify
the risk factors making a specific age group or a specific region in
Saudi Arabia targeted for a specific type of hepatitis viruses.
Abstract: This paper presents a dynamic adaptation scheme for
the frequency of inter-deme migration in distributed genetic algorithms
(GA), and its VLSI hardware design. Distributed GA,
or multi-deme-based GA, uses multiple populations which evolve
concurrently. The purpose of dynamic adaptation is to improve
convergence performance so as to obtain better solutions. Through
simulation experiments, we proved that our scheme achieves better
performance than fixed frequency migration schemes.
Abstract: This paper presents the use of anti-sway angle control
approaches for a two-dimensional gantry crane with disturbances
effect in the dynamic system. Delayed feedback signal (DFS) and
proportional-derivative (PD)-type fuzzy logic controller are the
techniques used in this investigation to actively control the sway
angle of the rope of gantry crane system. A nonlinear overhead
gantry crane system is considered and the dynamic model of the
system is derived using the Euler-Lagrange formulation. A complete
analysis of simulation results for each technique is presented in time
domain and frequency domain respectively. Performances of both
controllers are examined in terms of sway angle suppression and
disturbances cancellation. Finally, a comparative assessment of the
impact of each controller on the system performance is presented and
discussed.
Abstract: Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic imaging
is an emerging technique that provides both chemically and
spatially resolved information. The rich chemical content of data
may be utilized for computer-aided determinations of structure and
pathologic state (cancer diagnosis) in histological tissue sections for
prostate cancer. FT-IR spectroscopic imaging of prostate tissue has
shown that tissue type (histological) classification can be performed to
a high degree of accuracy [1] and cancer diagnosis can be performed
with an accuracy of about 80% [2] on a microscopic (≈ 6μm)
length scale. In performing these analyses, it has been observed
that there is large variability (more than 60%) between spectra from
different points on tissue that is expected to consist of the same
essential chemical constituents. Spectra at the edges of tissues are
characteristically and consistently different from chemically similar
tissue in the middle of the same sample. Here, we explain these
differences using a rigorous electromagnetic model for light-sample
interaction. Spectra from FT-IR spectroscopic imaging of chemically
heterogeneous samples are different from bulk spectra of individual
chemical constituents of the sample. This is because spectra not
only depend on chemistry, but also on the shape of the sample.
Using coupled wave analysis, we characterize and quantify the nature
of spectral distortions at the edges of tissues. Furthermore, we
present a method of performing histological classification of tissue
samples. Since the mid-infrared spectrum is typically assumed to
be a quantitative measure of chemical composition, classification
results can vary widely due to spectral distortions. However, we
demonstrate that the selection of localized metrics based on chemical
information can make our data robust to the spectral distortions
caused by scattering at the tissue boundary.
Abstract: Ramadan requires individuals to abstain from food and fluid intake between sunrise and sunset; physiological considerations predict that poorer mood, physical performance and mental performance will result. In addition, any difficulties will be worsened because preparations for fasting and recovery from it often mean that nocturnal sleep is decreased in length, and this independently affects mood and performance.
A difficulty of interpretation in many studies is that the observed changes could be due to fasting but also to the decreased length of sleep and altered food and fluid intakes before and after the daytime fasting. These factors were separated in this study, which took place over three separate days and compared the effects of different durations of fasting (4, 8 or 16h) upon a wide variety of measures (including subjective and objective assessments of performance, body composition, dehydration and responses to a short bout of exercise) - but with an unchanged amount of nocturnal sleep, controlled supper the previous evening, controlled intakes at breakfast and daytime naps not being allowed. Many of the negative effects of fasting observed in previous studies were present in this experiment also. These findings indicate that fasting was responsible for many of the changes previously observed, though some effect of sleep loss, particularly if occurring on successive days (as would occur in Ramadan) cannot be excluded.
Abstract: In this paper, we present a comparative study between two computer vision systems for objects recognition and tracking, these algorithms describe two different approach based on regions constituted by a set of pixels which parameterized objects in shot sequences. For the image segmentation and objects detection, the FCM technique is used, the overlapping between cluster's distribution is minimized by the use of suitable color space (other that the RGB one). The first technique takes into account a priori probabilities governing the computation of various clusters to track objects. A Parzen kernel method is described and allows identifying the players in each frame, we also show the importance of standard deviation value research of the Gaussian probability density function. Region matching is carried out by an algorithm that operates on the Mahalanobis distance between region descriptors in two subsequent frames and uses singular value decomposition to compute a set of correspondences satisfying both the principle of proximity and the principle of exclusion.
Abstract: Documents clustering become an essential technology
with the popularity of the Internet. That also means that fast and
high-quality document clustering technique play core topics. Text
clustering or shortly clustering is about discovering semantically
related groups in an unstructured collection of documents. Clustering
has been very popular for a long time because it provides unique
ways of digesting and generalizing large amounts of information.
One of the issues of clustering is to extract proper feature (concept)
of a problem domain. The existing clustering technology mainly
focuses on term weight calculation. To achieve more accurate
document clustering, more informative features including concept
weight are important. Feature Selection is important for clustering
process because some of the irrelevant or redundant feature may
misguide the clustering results. To counteract this issue, the proposed
system presents the concept weight for text clustering system
developed based on a k-means algorithm in accordance with the
principles of ontology so that the important of words of a cluster can
be identified by the weight values. To a certain extent, it has resolved
the semantic problem in specific areas.
Abstract: When reconstructing a scenario, it is necessary to
know the structure of the elements present on the scene to have an
interpretation. In this work we link 3D scenes reconstruction to
evolutionary algorithms through the vision stereo theory. We
consider vision stereo as a method that provides the reconstruction of
a scene using only a couple of images of the scene and performing
some computation. Through several images of a scene, captured from
different positions, vision stereo can give us an idea about the threedimensional
characteristics of the world. Vision stereo usually
requires of two cameras, making an analogy to the mammalian vision
system. In this work we employ only a camera, which is translated
along a path, capturing images every certain distance. As we can not
perform all computations required for an exhaustive reconstruction,
we employ an evolutionary algorithm to partially reconstruct the
scene in real time. The algorithm employed is the fly algorithm,
which employ “flies" to reconstruct the principal characteristics of
the world following certain evolutionary rules.
Abstract: We present the development of a new underwater laser
cutting process in which a water-jet has been used along with the
laser beam to remove the molten material through kerf. The
conventional underwater laser cutting usually utilizes a high pressure
gas jet along with laser beam to create a dry condition in the cutting
zone and also to eject out the molten material. This causes a lot of gas
bubbles and turbulence in water, and produces aerosols and waste
gas. This may cause contamination in the surrounding atmosphere
while cutting radioactive components like burnt nuclear fuel. The
water-jet assisted underwater laser cutting process produces much
less turbulence and aerosols in the atmosphere. Some amount of
water vapor bubbles is formed at the laser-metal-water interface;
however, they tend to condense as they rise up through the
surrounding water. We present the design and development of a
water-jet assisted underwater laser cutting head and the parametric
study of the cutting of AISI 304 stainless steel sheets with a 2 kW
CW fiber laser. The cutting performance is similar to that of the gas
assist laser cutting; however, the process efficiency is reduced due to
heat convection by water-jet and laser beam scattering by vapor. This
process may be attractive for underwater cutting of nuclear reactor
components.
Abstract: This paper proposes a method, combining color and layout features, for identifying documents captured from low-resolution handheld devices. On one hand, the document image color density surface is estimated and represented with an equivalent ellipse and on the other hand, the document shallow layout structure is computed and hierarchically represented. Our identification method first uses the color information in the documents in order to focus the search space on documents having a similar color distribution, and finally selects the document having the most similar layout structure in the remaining of the search space.
Abstract: In the past years, the world has witnessed significant work in the field of Manufacturing. Special efforts have been made in the implementation of new technologies, management and control systems, among many others which have all evolved the field. Closely following all this, due to the scope of new projects and the need of turning the existing flexible ideas into more autonomous and intelligent ones, i.e.: moving toward a more intelligent manufacturing, the present paper emerges with the main aim of contributing to the analysis and a few customization issues of a new iCIM 3000 system at the IPSAM. In this process, special emphasis in made on the material flow problem. For this, besides offering a description and analysis of the system and its main parts, also some tips on how to define other possible alternative material flow scenarios and a partial analysis of the combinatorial nature of the problem are offered as well. All this is done with the intentions of relating it with the use of simulation tools, for which these have been briefly addressed with a special focus on the Witness simulation package. For a better comprehension, the previous elements are supported by a few figures and expressions which would help obtaining necessary data. Such data and others will be used in the future, when simulating the scenarios in the search of the best material flow configurations.