Abstract: This research was to evaluate a technical feasibility of
making single-layer experimental particleboard panels from bamboo
waste (Dendrocalamus asper Backer) by converting bamboo into
strips, which are used to make laminated bamboo furniture. Variable
factors were density (600, 700 and 800 kg/m3) and temperature of
condition (25, 40 and 55 °C). The experimental panels were tested for
their physical and mechanical properties including modulus of
elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), internal bonding
strength (IB), screw holding strength (SH) and thickness swelling
values according to the procedures defined by Japanese Industrial
Standard (JIS). The test result of mechanical properties showed that
the MOR, MOE and IB values were not in the set criteria, except the
MOR values at the density of 700 kg/m3 at 25 °C and at the density
of 800 kg/m3 at 25 and 40 °C, the IB values at the density of 600
kg/m3, at 40 °C, and at the density of 800 kg/m3 at 55 °C. The SH
values had the test result according to the set standard, except with
the density of 600 kg/m3, at 40 and 55 °C. Conclusively, a valuable
renewable biomass, bamboo waste could be used to manufacture
boards.
Abstract: Nozzle is the main part of various spinning systems
such as air-jet and Murata air vortex systems. Recently, many
researchers worked on the usage of the nozzle on different spinning
systems such as conventional ring and compact spinning systems. In
these applications, primary purpose is to improve the yarn quality. In
present study, it was produced the yarns with two different nozzle
types and determined the changes in yarn properties. In order to
explain the effect of the nozzle, airflow structure in the nozzle was
modelled and airflow variables were determined. In numerical
simulation, ANSYS 12.1 package program and Fluid Flow (CFX)
analysis method was used. As distinct from the literature, Shear
Stress Turbulent (SST) model is preferred. And also air pressure at
the nozzle inlet was measured by electronic mass flow meter and
these values were used for the simulation of the airflow. At last, the
yarn was modelled and the area from where the yarn is passing was
included to the numerical analysis.
Abstract: Steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) in buildings are
known to be an effective means for resisting lateral forces. By using
un-stiffened walls and allowing them to buckle, their energy
absorption capacity will increase significantly due to the postbuckling
capacity. The post-buckling tension field action of SPSWs
can provide substantial strength, stiffness and ductility. This paper
presents the Finite Element Analysis of low yield point (LYP) steel
shear walls. In this shear wall system, the LYP steel plate is used for
the steel panel and conventional structural steel is used for boundary
frames. A series of nonlinear cyclic analyses were carried out to
obtain the stiffness, strength, deformation capacity, and energy
dissipation capacity of the LYP steel shear wall. The effect of widthto-
thickness ratio of steel plate on buckling behavior, and energy
dissipation capacities were studied. Good energy dissipation and
deformation capacities were obtained for all models.
Abstract: The paper depicts air velocity values, reproduced by laser Doppler anemometer (LDA) and ultrasonic anemometer (UA), relations with calculated ones from flow rate measurements using the gas meter which calibration uncertainty is ± (0.15 – 0.30) %. Investigation had been performed in channel installed in aerodynamical facility used as a part of national standard of air velocity. Relations defined in a research let us confirm the LDA and UA for air velocity reproduction to be the most advantageous measures. The results affirm ultrasonic anemometer to be reliable and favourable instrument for measurement of mean velocity or control of velocity stability in the velocity range of 0.05 m/s – 10 (15) m/s when the LDA used. The main aim of this research is to investigate low velocity regularities, starting from 0.05 m/s, including region of turbulent, laminar and transitional air flows. Theoretical and experimental results and brief analysis of it are given in the paper. Maximum and mean velocity relations for transitional air flow having unique distribution are represented. Transitional flow having distinctive and different from laminar and turbulent flow characteristics experimentally have not yet been analysed.
Abstract: Hemorrhage Disease of Grass Carp (HDGC) is a kind
of commonly occurring illnesses in summer, and the extremely high
death rate result in colossal losses to aquaculture. As the complex
connections among each factor which influences aquiculture diseases,
there-s no quit reasonable mathematical model to solve the problem at
present.A BP neural network which with excellent nonlinear mapping
coherence was adopted to establish mathematical model;
Environmental factor, which can easily detected, such as breeding
density, water temperature, pH and light intensity was set as the main
analyzing object. 25 groups of experimental data were used for
training and test, and the accuracy of using the model to predict the
trend of HDGC was above 80%. It is demonstrated that BP neural
network for predicating diseases in HDGC has a particularly
objectivity and practicality, thus it can be spread to other aquiculture
disease.
Abstract: There have been various methods created based on the regression ideas to resolve the problem of data set containing censored observations, i.e. the Buckley-James method, Miller-s method, Cox method, and Koul-Susarla-Van Ryzin estimators. Even though comparison studies show the Buckley-James method performs better than some other methods, it is still rarely used by researchers mainly because of the limited diagnostics analysis developed for the Buckley-James method thus far. Therefore, a diagnostic tool for the Buckley-James method is proposed in this paper. It is called the renovated Cook-s Distance, (RD* i ) and has been developed based on the Cook-s idea. The renovated Cook-s Distance (RD* i ) has advantages (depending on the analyst demand) over (i) the change in the fitted value for a single case, DFIT* i as it measures the influence of case i on all n fitted values Yˆ∗ (not just the fitted value for case i as DFIT* i) (ii) the change in the estimate of the coefficient when the ith case is deleted, DBETA* i since DBETA* i corresponds to the number of variables p so it is usually easier to look at a diagnostic measure such as RD* i since information from p variables can be considered simultaneously. Finally, an example using Stanford Heart Transplant data is provided to illustrate the proposed diagnostic tool.
Abstract: This paper proposes an effective adaptation learning
algorithm based on artificial neural networks for speed control of an
induction motor assumed to operate in a high-performance drives
environment. The structure scheme consists of a neural network
controller and an algorithm for changing the NN weights in order that
the motor speed can accurately track of the reference command. This
paper also makes uses a very realistic and practical scheme to
estimate and adaptively learn the noise content in the speed load
torque characteristic of the motor. The availability of the proposed
controller is verified by through a laboratory implementation and
under computation simulations with Matlab-software. The process is
also tested for the tracking property using different types of reference
signals. The performance and robustness of the proposed control
scheme have evaluated under a variety of operating conditions of the
induction motor drives. The obtained results demonstrate the
effectiveness of the proposed control scheme system performances,
both in steady state error in speed and dynamic conditions, was found
to be excellent and those is not overshoot.
Abstract: In modern agriculture, polymeric hydrogels are
known as a component able to hold an amount of water due to their
3-dimensional network structure and their tendency to absorb water
in humid environments. In addition, these hydrogels are able to
controllably release the fertilisers and pesticides loaded in them.
Therefore, they deliver these materials to the plants' roots and help
them with growing. These hydrogels also reduce the pollution of
underground water sources by preventing the active components
from leaching. In this study, sIPN acrylamide based hydrogels are
synthesised by using acrylamide free radical, potassium acrylate, and
linear polyvinyl alcohol. Ammonium nitrate is loaded in the hydrogel
as the fertiliser. The effect of various amounts of monomers and
linear polymer, measured in molar ratio, on the swelling rate,
equilibrium swelling, and release of ammonium nitrate is studied.
Abstract: A techno-economic evaluation for efficient use of
energy in a large scale industrial plant of methanol is carried out.
This assessment is based on integration of a gas turbine with an
existing plant of methanol in which the outlet gas products of
exothermic reactor is expanded to power generation. Also, it is
decided that methanol production rate is constant through addition of
power generation system to the existing methanol plant. Having
incorporated a gas turbine with the existing plant, the economic
results showed total investment of MUSD 16.9, energy saving of 3.6
MUSD/yr with payback period of approximately 4.7 years.
Abstract: Nanoemulsions are a class of emulsions with a droplet
size in the range of 50–500 nm and have attracted a great deal of
attention in recent years because it is unique characteristics. The
physicochemical properties of nanoemulsion suggests that it can be
successfully used to recover the residual oil which is trapped in the
fine pore of reservoir rock by capillary forces after primary and
secondary recovery. Oil-in-water nanoemulsion which can be formed
by high-energy emulsification techniques using specific surfactants
can reduce oil-water interfacial tension (IFT) by 3-4 orders of
magnitude. The present work is aimed on characterization of oil-inwater
nanoemulsion in terms of its phase behavior, morphological
studies; interfacial energy; ability to reduce the interfacial tension and
understanding the mechanisms of mobilization and displacement of
entrapped oil blobs by lowering interfacial tension both at the
macroscopic and microscopic level. In order to investigate the
efficiency of oil-water nanoemulsion in enhanced oil recovery
(EOR), experiments were performed to characterize the emulsion in
terms of their physicochemical properties and size distribution of the
dispersed oil droplet in water phase. Synthetic mineral oil and a series
of surfactants were used to prepare oil-in-water emulsions.
Characterization of emulsion shows that it follows pseudo-plastic
behaviour and drop size of dispersed oil phase follows lognormal
distribution. Flooding experiments were also carried out in a
sandpack system to evaluate the effectiveness of the nanoemulsion as
displacing fluid for enhanced oil recovery. Substantial additional
recoveries (more than 25% of original oil in place) over conventional
water flooding were obtained in the present investigation.
Abstract: Today with the rapid growth of telecommunications equipment, electronic and developing more and more networks of power, influence of electromagnetic waves on one another has become hot topic discussions. So in this article, this issue and appropriate mechanisms for EMC operations have been presented. First, a source of alternating current (50 Hz) and a clear victim in a certain distance from the source is placed. With this simple model, the effects of electromagnetic radiation from the source to the victim will be investigated and several methods to reduce these effects have been presented. Therefore passive and active shields have been used. In some steps, shielding effectiveness of proposed shields will be compared. . It should be noted that simulations have been done by the finite element method (FEM).
Abstract: This paper shows that some properties of the decision
rules in the literature do not hold by presenting a counterexample. We
give sufficient and necessary conditions under which these properties
are valid. These results will be helpful when one tries to choose the
right decision rules in the research of rough set theory.
Abstract: The purpose of semantic web research is to transform
the Web from a linked document repository into a distributed knowledge base and application platform, thus allowing the vast range of available information and services to be more efficiently
exploited. As a first step in this transformation, languages such as
OWL have been developed. Although fully realizing the Semantic Web still seems some way off, OWL has already been very
successful and has rapidly become a defacto standard for ontology
development in fields as diverse as geography, geology, astronomy,
agriculture, defence and the life sciences. The aim of this paper is to classify key concepts of Semantic Web as well as introducing a new
practical approach which uses these concepts to outperform Word Wide Web.
Abstract: Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a stochastic method
which has been used in various signal processing and character
recognition. This study proposes to use HMM to recognize Javanese
characters from a number of different handwritings, whereby HMM
is used to optimize the number of state and feature extraction. An
85.7 % accuracy is obtained as the best result in 16-stated vertical
model using pure HMM. This initial result is satisfactory for
prompting further research.
Abstract: We measured the major and trace element contents
and Rb-Sr isotopic compositions of 12 tektites from the Maoming
area, Guandong province (south China). All the samples studied are
splash-form tektites which show pitted or grooved surfaces with
schlieren structures on some surfaces. The trace element ratios Ba/Rb
(avg. 4.33), Th/Sm (avg. 2.31), Sm/Sc (avg. 0.44), Th/Sc (avg. 1.01) ,
La/Sc (avg. 2.86), Th/U (avg. 7.47), Zr/Hf (avg. 46.01) and the rare
earth elements (REE) contents of tektites of this study are similar to the
average upper continental crust. From the chemical composition, it is
suggested that tektites in this study are derived from similar parental
terrestrial sedimentary deposit which may be related to post-Archean
upper crustal rocks. The tektites from the Maoming area have high
positive εSr(0) values-ranging from 176.9~190.5 which indicate that
the parental material for these tektites have similar Sr isotopic
compositions to old terrestrial sedimentary rocks and they were not
dominantly derived from recent young sediments (such as soil or
loess). The Sr isotopic data obtained by the present study support the
conclusion proposed by Blum et al. (1992)[1] that the depositional age
of sedimentary target materials is close to 170Ma (Jurassic). Mixing
calculations based on the model proposed by Ho and Chen (1996)[2]
for various amounts and combinations of target rocks indicate that the
best fit for tektites from the Maoming area is a mixture of 40% shale,
30% greywacke, 30% quartzite.
Abstract: Traffic management in an urban area is highly facilitated by the knowledge of the traffic conditions in every street or highway involved in the vehicular mobility system. Aim of the paper is to propose a neuro-fuzzy approach able to compute the main parameters of a traffic system, i.e., car density, velocity and flow, by using the images collected by the web-cams located at the crossroads of the traffic network. The performances of this approach encourage its application when the traffic system is far from the saturation. A fuzzy model is also outlined to evaluate when it is suitable to use more accurate, even if more time consuming, algorithms for measuring traffic conditions near to saturation.
Abstract: Automated discovery of hierarchical structures in
large data sets has been an active research area in the recent past.
This paper focuses on the issue of mining generalized rules with crisp
hierarchical structure using Genetic Programming (GP) approach to
knowledge discovery. The post-processing scheme presented in this
work uses flat rules as initial individuals of GP and discovers
hierarchical structure. Suitable genetic operators are proposed for the
suggested encoding. Based on the Subsumption Matrix(SM), an
appropriate fitness function is suggested. Finally, Hierarchical
Production Rules (HPRs) are generated from the discovered
hierarchy. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the
performance of the proposed algorithm.
Abstract: As a tool for human spatial cognition and thinking, the map has been playing an important role. Maps are perhaps as fundamental to society as language and the written word. Economic and social development requires extensive and in-depth understanding of their own living environment, from the scope of the overall global to urban housing. This has brought unprecedented opportunities and challenges for traditional cartography . This paper first proposed the concept of scaleless-map and its basic characteristics, through the analysis of the existing multi-scale representation techniques. Then some strategies are presented for automated mapping compilation. Taking into account the demand of automated map compilation, detailed proposed the software - WJ workstation must have four technical features, which are generalization operators, symbol primitives, dynamically annotation and mapping process template. This paper provides a more systematic new idea and solution to improve the intelligence and automation of the scaleless cartography.
Abstract: This article is devoted to the analysis of results of
sociological researches carried out by authors directed on studying of
opinion of representatives of small, medium and big business on
formation of the Customs Union, Common Free Market Zone with
participation of Kazakhstan, Russia and Belarus.
It-s forecasted that companies, their branches will interpenetrate
with registration and moving their businesses to regions with more
beneficial conditions. They say that in Kazakhstan there are more
profitable geo-strategic operating environment for business and lower
taxes. Russia using this opportunity will create new conditions for
expansion into other countries of Central Asia and China. Opinions
of participants of questionnaire and expert poll different in estimation
of value of these two integration mechanisms since market segments
on the one hand extend, but also on the other hand - loss of exclusive
influence in certain fields of activity.
Abstract: In this paper, a study on the modes of collapse of
compress- expand members are presented. Compress- expand member
is a compact, multiple-combined cylinders, to be proposed as energy
absorbers. Previous studies on the compress- expand member have
clarified its energy absorption efficiency, proposed an approximate
equation to describe its deformation characteristics and also
highlighted the improvement that it has brought. However, for the
member to be practical, the actual range of geometrical dimension that
it can maintain its applicability must be investigated. In this study,
using a virtualized materials that comply the bilinear hardening law,
Finite element Method (FEM) analysis on the collapse modes of
compress- expand member have been conducted. Deformation maps
that plotted the member's collapse modes with regards to the member's
geometric and material parameters were then presented in order to
determine the dimensional range of each collapse modes.