Abstract: A new and cost effective robotic device was designed
for remote tele surgery using dual tone multi frequency technology
(DTMF). Tele system with Dual Tone Multiple Frequency has a large
capability in sending and receiving of data in hardware and software.
The robot consists of DC motors for arm movements and it is
controlled manually through a mobile phone through DTMF
Technology. The system enables the surgeon from base station to
send commands through mobile phone to the patient’s robotic system
which includes two robotic arms that translate the input into actual
instrument manipulation. A mobile phone attached to the
microcontroller 8051 which can activate robot through relays. The
Remote robot-assisted tele surgery eliminates geographic constraints
for getting surgical expertise where it is needed and allows an expert
surgeon to teach or proctor the performance of surgical technique by
real-time intervention.
Abstract: In this paper, Land Marks for Unique Addressing( LMUA) algorithm is develped to generate unique ID for each and every node which leads to the formation of overlapping/Non overlapping clusters based on unique ID. To overcome the draw back of the developed LMUA algorithm, the concept of clustering is introduced. Based on the clustering concept a Land Marks for Unique Addressing and Clustering(LMUAC) Algorithm is developed to construct strictly non-overlapping clusters and classify those nodes in to Cluster Heads, Member Nodes, Gate way nodes and generating the Hierarchical code for the cluster heads to operate in the level one hierarchy for wireless communication switching. The expansion of the existing network can be performed or not without modifying the cost of adding the clusterhead is shown. The developed algorithm shows one way of efficiently constructing the
Abstract: The purpose of this research is to study the concepts
of multiple Cartesian product, variety of multiple algebras and to
present some examples. In the theory of multiple algebras, like other
theories, deriving new things and concepts from the things and
concepts available in the context is important. For example, the first
were obtained from the quotient of a group modulo the equivalence
relation defined by a subgroup of it. Gratzer showed that every
multiple algebra can be obtained from the quotient of a universal
algebra modulo a given equivalence relation.
The purpose of this study is examination of multiple algebras and
basic relations defined on them as well as introduction to some
algebraic structures derived from multiple algebras. Among the
structures obtained from multiple algebras, this article studies submultiple
algebras, quotients of multiple algebras and the Cartesian
product of multiple algebras.
Abstract: The identification and classification of weeds are of
major technical and economical importance in the agricultural
industry. To automate these activities, like in shape, color and
texture, weed control system is feasible. The goal of this paper is to
build a real-time, machine vision weed control system that can detect
weed locations. In order to accomplish this objective, a real-time
robotic system is developed to identify and locate outdoor plants
using machine vision technology and pattern recognition. The
algorithm is developed to classify images into broad and narrow class
for real-time selective herbicide application. The developed
algorithm has been tested on weeds at various locations, which have
shown that the algorithm to be very effectiveness in weed
identification. Further the results show a very reliable performance
on weeds under varying field conditions. The analysis of the results
shows over 90 percent classification accuracy over 140 sample
images (broad and narrow) with 70 samples from each category of
weeds.
Abstract: A facile vapour deposition method of synthesis of vertically aligned ZnO nanowires on carbon seed layer was developed. The received samples were investigated on electronic microscope JSM-6490 LA JEOL and x-ray diffractometer X, pert MPD PRO. The photoluminescence spectra (PL) of obtained ZnO samples at a room temperature were studied using He-Cd laser (325 nm line) as excitation source.
Abstract: In order to obtain an accurate result of the heat transfer
of the rib in the internal cooling Rectangular channel, using separation
of variables, analytical solutions of three dimensional steady-state heat
conduction in rectangular ribs are given by solving three dimensional
steady-state function of the rectangular ribs. Therefore, we can get
solution of three dimensional temperature field in the rib. Based on the
solution, we can get how the Bi number affected on heat transfer.
Furthermore, comparisons of the analytical and numerical results
indicate agreement on temperature field in the rib.
Abstract: Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks pose a
serious threat to network security. There have been a lot of
methodologies and tools devised to detect DDoS attacks and reduce
the damage they cause. Still, most of the methods cannot
simultaneously achieve (1) efficient detection with a small number of
false alarms and (2) real-time transfer of packets. Here, we introduce
a method for proactive detection of DDoS attacks, by classifying the
network status, to be utilized in the detection stage of the proposed
anti-DDoS framework. Initially, we analyse the DDoS architecture
and obtain details of its phases. Then, we investigate the procedures
of DDoS attacks and select variables based on these features. Finally,
we apply the k-nearest neighbour (k-NN) method to classify the
network status into each phase of DDoS attack. The simulation result
showed that each phase of the attack scenario is classified well and
we could detect DDoS attack in the early stage.
Abstract: This paper investigates the performance of Multiple- Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) feedback system combined with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). Two types of codebook based channel feedback techniques are used in this work. The first feedback technique uses a combination of both the long-term and short-term channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter, whereas the second technique uses only the short term CSI. The long-term and short-term CSI at the transmitter is used for efficient channel utilization. OFDM is a powerful technique employed in communication systems suffering from frequency selectivity. Combined with multiple antennas at the transmitter and receiver, OFDM proves to be robust against delay spread. Moreover, it leads to significant data rates with improved bit error performance over links having only a single antenna at both the transmitter and receiver. The effectiveness of these techniques has been demonstrated through the simulation of a MIMO-OFDM feedback system. The results have been evaluated for 4x4 MIMO channels. Simulation results indicate the benefits of the MIMO-OFDM channel feedback system over the one without incorporating OFDM. Performance gain of about 3 dB is observed for MIMO-OFDM feedback system as compared to the one without employing OFDM. Hence MIMO-OFDM becomes an attractive approach for future high speed wireless communication systems.
Abstract: In this paper, the optimum weight and cost of a laminated composite plate is seeked, while it undergoes the heaviest load prior to a complete failure. Various failure criteria are defined for such structures in the literature. In this work, the Tsai-Hill theory is used as the failure criterion. The theory of analysis was based on the Classical Lamination Theory (CLT). A newly type of Genetic Algorithm (GA) as an optimization technique with a direct use of real variables was employed. Yet, since the optimization via GAs is a long process, and the major time is consumed through the analysis, Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (RBFNN) was employed in predicting the output from the analysis. Thus, the process of optimization will be carried out through a hybrid neuro-GA environment, and the procedure will be carried out until a predicted optimum solution is achieved.
Abstract: This paper presents an analysis of the localization accuracy of indoor positioning systems using Cramer-s rule via IEEE 802.15.4 wireless sensor networks. The objective is to study the impact of the methods used to convert the received signal strength into the distance that is used to compute the object location in the wireless indoor positioning system. Various methods were tested and the localization accuracy was analyzed. The experimental results show that the method based on the empirical data measured in the non line-of-sight (NLOS) environment yield the highest localization accuracy; with the minimum error distance less than 3 m.
Abstract: Two constructions of unit-memory binary convolutional
codes from linear block codes over the finite semi-local ring F2r +vF2r , where v2 = v, are presented. In both cases, if the linear block code is systematic, then the resulting convolutional encoder
is systematic, minimal, basic and non-catastrophic. The Hamming
free distance of the convolutional code is bounded below by the
minimum Hamming distance of the block code. New examples of
binary convolutional codes that meet the Heller upper bound for
systematic codes are given.
Abstract: The incorporation of computational fluid dynamics in the design of modern hydraulic turbines appears to be necessary in order to improve their efficiency and cost-effectiveness beyond the traditional design practices. A numerical optimization methodology is developed and applied in the present work to a Turgo water turbine. The fluid is simulated by a Lagrangian mesh-free approach that can provide detailed information on the energy transfer and enhance the understanding of the complex, unsteady flow field, at very small computing cost. The runner blades are initially shaped according to hydrodynamics theory, and parameterized using Bezier polynomials and interpolation techniques. The use of a limited number of free design variables allows for various modifications of the standard blade shape, while stochastic optimization using evolutionary algorithms is implemented to find the best blade that maximizes the attainable hydraulic efficiency of the runner. The obtained optimal runner design achieves considerably higher efficiency than the standard one, and its numerically predicted performance is comparable to a real Turgo turbine, verifying the reliability and the prospects of the new methodology.
Abstract: This paper takes the actual scene of Aletheia
University campus – the Class 2 national monument, the first
educational institute in northern Taiwan as an example, to present a
3D virtual navigation system which supports user positioning and
pre-download mechanism. The proposed system was designed based
on the principle of Voronoi Diagra) to divide the virtual scenes and
its multimedia information, which combining outdoor GPS
positioning and the indoor RFID location detecting function. When
users carry mobile equipments such as notebook computer, UMPC,
EeePC...etc., walking around the actual scenes of indoor and outdoor
areas of campus, this system can automatically detect the moving
path of users and pre-download the needed data so that users will
have a smooth and seamless navigation without waiting.
Abstract: Information sharing and gathering are important in the rapid advancement era of technology. The existence of WWW has caused rapid growth of information explosion. Readers are overloaded with too many lengthy text documents in which they are more interested in shorter versions. Oil and gas industry could not escape from this predicament. In this paper, we develop an Automated Text Summarization System known as AutoTextSumm to extract the salient points of oil and gas drilling articles by incorporating statistical approach, keywords identification, synonym words and sentence-s position. In this study, we have conducted interviews with Petroleum Engineering experts and English Language experts to identify the list of most commonly used keywords in the oil and gas drilling domain. The system performance of AutoTextSumm is evaluated using the formulae of precision, recall and F-score. Based on the experimental results, AutoTextSumm has produced satisfactory performance with F-score of 0.81.
Abstract: In this paper a numerical technique is used to predict
the metal temperature of a gas turbine vane. The Rising combustor
exit temperatures in gas turbine engines necessitate active cooling for
the downstream turbine section to avoid thermal failure. This study is
performed the solution of external flow, internal convection, and
conduction within the metal vane. Also the trade-off between the
cooling performances in four different hole shapes and configurations
is performed. At first one of the commonly used cooling hole
geometry is investigated; cylindrical holes and then two other
configurations are simulated. The average temperature magnitude in
mid-plan section of each configuration is obtained and finally the
lower temperature value is selected such as best arrangement.
Abstract: This study links up the theories of social psychology,
economics and sport management to assess the impact of sport
participation on subjective well-being (SWB) and use a simple statistic
method to estimate the relative monetary value that sport participation
derives SWB for Taiwan-s college students. By constructing proper
measurements on sport participation and SWB respectively, a
structural equation model (SEM) is developed to perform a
confirmatory factory analysis, and the causal relationship between
sport participation and SWB as well as the effect of the demographic
variables on these two concepts are also discussed.
Abstract: 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) is a recalcitrant micropollutant which is found in small amounts in municipal wastewater. But these small amounts still adversely affect for the reproductive function of aquatic organisms. Evidence in the past suggested that full-scale WWTPs equipped with nitrification process enhanced the removal of EE2 in the municipal wastewater. EE2 has been proven to be able to be transformed by ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) via co-metabolism. This research aims to clarify the EE2 degradation pattern by different consortium of ammonia oxidizing microorganism (AOM) including AOA (ammonia oxidizing archaea) and investigate contribution between the existing ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) and new synthesized AOM. The result showed that AOA or AOB of N. oligotropha cluster in enriched nitrifying activated sludge (NAS) from 2mM and 5mM, commonly found in municipal WWTPs, could degrade EE2 in wastewater via co-metabolism. Moreover, the investigation of the contribution between the existing ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) and new synthesized AOM demonstrated that the new synthesized AMO enzyme may perform ammonia oxidation rather than the existing AMO enzyme or the existing AMO enzyme may has a small amount to oxidize ammonia.
Abstract: In this paper an analytical solution is presented for fully developed flow in a parallel plates channel under the action of Lorentz force, by use of Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM). The analytical results are compared with exact solution and an excellent agreement has been observed between them for both Couette and Poiseuille flows. Moreover, the effects of key parameters have been studied on the dimensionless velocity profile.
Abstract: Sensitive and predictive DILI (Drug Induced Liver
Injury) biomarkers are needed in drug R&D to improve early
detection of hepatotoxicity. The discovery of DILI biomarkers that
demonstrate the predictive power to identify individuals at risk to
DILI would represent a major advance in the development of
personalized healthcare approaches. In this healthy volunteer
acetaminophen study (4g/day for 7 days, with 3 monitored nontreatment
days before and 4 after), 450 serum samples from 32
subjects were analyzed using protein profiling by antibody
suspension bead arrays. Multiparallel protein profiles were generated
using a DILI target protein array with 300 antibodies, where the
antibodies were selected based on previous literature findings of
putative DILI biomarkers and a screening process using pre dose
samples from the same cohort. Of the 32 subjects, 16 were found to
develop an elevated ALT value (2Xbaseline, responders). Using the
plasma profiling approach together with multivariate statistical
analysis some novel findings linked to lipid metabolism were found
and more important, endogenous protein profiles in baseline samples
(prior to treatment) with predictive power for ALT elevations were
identified.
Abstract: Groundwater is one of the most important water resources in Fars province. Based on this study, 95 percent of the total annual water consumption in Fars is used for agriculture, whereas the percentages for domestic and industrial uses are 4 and 1 percent, respectively. Population growth, urban and industrial growth, and agricultural development in Fars have created a condition of water stress. In this province, farmers and other users are pumping groundwater faster than its natural replenishment rate, causing a continuous drop in groundwater tables and depletion of this resource. In this research variation of groundwater level , their effects and ways to help control groundwater levels in some plains of Fars were evaluated .Excessive exploitation of groundwater in Darab, Jahrom, Estahban, Arsanjan, Khir and Niriz plains of Fars caused the groundwater levels fall too fast or to unacceptable levels. The average drawdown of the water table in Arsanjan, Khir. Estahban and Niriz plain plains were 12,8, 9 and 6 meters during 16,11,11 and 13 years ago respectively. This not only reduces available water resources and well yields but also can saline water intrusion, reductions in river flow and in wetland areas , drying springs, and ground subsidence, considerable increase in pumping costs and a significant decline in crop yields as a result of the increasing salinity. Finally based on situation and condition of the aquifer some suggestions are recommended.