Abstract: Abai Kunanbayev (1845-1904) was a great Kazakh
poet, composer and philosopher. Abai's main contribution to Kazakh
culture and folklore lies in his poetry, which expresses great
nationalism and grew out of Kazakh folk culture. Before him, most
Kazakh poetry was oral, echoing the nomadic habits of the people of
the Kazakh steppes. We want to introduce to abroad our country, its
history, tradition and culture. We can introduce it only through
translations. Only by reading the Kazakh works can foreign people
know who are kazakhs, the style of their life, their thoughts and so
on. All information comes only through translation. The main
requirement to a good translation is that it should be natural or that it
should read as smoothly as the original. Literary translation should
be adequate, should follow the original to the fullest. Translators
have to be loyal to original text, they shouldn-t give the way to
liberty.
Abstract: A new approach to predict the 3D structures of proteins by combining the knowledge-based method and Molecular Dynamics Simulation is presented on the chicken villin headpiece subdomain (HP-36). Comparative modeling is employed as the knowledge-based method to predict the core region (Ala9-Asn28) of the protein while the remaining residues are built as extended regions (Met1-Lys8; Leu29-Phe36) which then further refined using Molecular Dynamics Simulation for 120 ns. Since the core region is built based on a high sequence identity to the template (65%) resulting in RMSD of 1.39 Å from the native, it is believed that this well-developed core region can act as a 'nucleation center' for subsequent rapid downhill folding. Results also demonstrate that the formation of the non-native contact which tends to hamper folding rate can be avoided. The best 3D model that exhibits most of the native characteristics is identified using clustering method which then further ranked based on the conformational free energies. It is found that the backbone RMSD of the best model compared to the NMR-MDavg is 1.01 Å and 3.53 Å, for the core region and the complete protein, respectively. In addition to this, the conformational free energy of the best model is lower by 5.85 kcal/mol as compared to the NMR-MDavg. This structure prediction protocol is shown to be effective in predicting the 3D structure of small globular protein with a considerable accuracy in much shorter time compared to the conventional Molecular Dynamics simulation alone.
Abstract: The management of the health-care wastes is one of
the most important problems in Istanbul, a city with more than 12
million inhabitants, as it is in most of the developing countries.
Negligence in appropriate treatment and final disposal of the healthcare
wastes can lead to adverse impacts to public health and to the
environment. This paper employs a fuzzy multi-criteria group
decision making approach, which is based on the principles of fusion
of fuzzy information, 2-tuple linguistic representation model, and
technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution
(TOPSIS), to evaluate health-care waste (HCW) treatment
alternatives for Istanbul. The evaluation criteria are determined
employing nominal group technique (NGT), which is a method of
systematically developing a consensus of group opinion. The
employed method is apt to manage information assessed using multigranularity
linguistic information in a decision making problem with
multiple information sources. The decision making framework
employs ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator that
encompasses several operators as the aggregation operator since it
can implement different aggregation rules by changing the order
weights. The aggregation process is based on the unification of
information by means of fuzzy sets on a basic linguistic term set
(BLTS). Then, the unified information is transformed into linguistic
2-tuples in a way to rectify the problem of loss information of other
fuzzy linguistic approaches.
Abstract: Advances in processors architecture, such as multicore,
increase the size of complexity of parallel computer systems.
With multi-core architecture there are different parallel languages
that can be used to run parallel programs. One of these languages is
OpenMP which embedded in C/Cµ or FORTRAN. Because of this
new architecture and the complexity, it is very important to evaluate
the performance of OpenMP constructs, kernels, and application
program on multi-core systems. Performance is the activity of
collecting the information about the execution characteristics of a
program. Performance tools consists of at least three interfacing
software layers, including instrumentation, measurement, and
analysis. The instrumentation layer defines the measured
performance events. The measurement layer determines what
performance event is actually captured and how it is measured by the
tool. The analysis layer processes the performance data and
summarizes it into a form that can be displayed in performance tools.
In this paper, a number of OpenMP performance tools are surveyed,
explaining how each is used to collect, analyse, and display data
collection.
Abstract: Multicarrier transmission system such as Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a promising technique
for high bit rate transmission in wireless communication systems.
OFDM is a spectrally efficient modulation technique that can achieve
high speed data transmission over multipath fading channels without
the need for powerful equalization techniques. A major drawback
of OFDM is the high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of the
transmit signal which can significantly impact the performance of the
power amplifier. In this paper we have compared the PAPR reduction
performance of Golay and Reed-Muller coded OFDM signal. From
our simulation it has been found that the PAPR reduction performance
of Golay coded OFDM is better than the Reed-Muller coded OFDM
signal. Moreover, for the optimum PAPR reduction performance, code
configuration for Golay and Reed-Muller codes has been identified.
Abstract: Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks (WSANs) constitute an emerging and pervasive technology that is attracting increasing interest in the research community for a wide range of applications. WSANs have two important requirements: coordination interactions and real-time communication to perform correct and timely actions. This paper introduces a methodology to facilitate the task of the application programmer focusing on the coordination and real-time requirements of WSANs. The methodology proposed in this model uses a real-time component model, UM-RTCOM, which will help us to achieve the design and implementation of applications in WSAN by using the component oriented paradigm. This will help us to develop software components which offer some very interesting features, such as reusability and adaptability which are very suitable for WSANs as they are very dynamic environments with rapidly changing conditions. In addition, a high-level coordination model based on tuple channels (TC-WSAN) is integrated into the methodology by providing a component-based specification of this model in UM-RTCOM; this will allow us to satisfy both sensor-actor and actor-actor coordination requirements in WSANs. Finally, we present in this paper the design and implementation of an application which will help us to show how the methodology can be easily used in order to achieve the development of WSANs applications.
Abstract: This paper investigates the impact of the hand-hold
positions on both antenna performance and the specific absorption
rate (SAR) induced in the user-s head. A cellular handset with
external antenna operating at GSM-900 frequency is modeled and
simulated using a finite difference time-domain (FDTD)-based
platform SEMCAD-X. A specific anthropomorphic mannequin
(SAM) is adopted to simulate the user-s head, whereas a semirealistic
CAD-model of three-tissues is designed to simulate the
user-s hand. The results show that in case of the handset in hand close
to head at different positions; the antenna total efficiency gets
reduced to (14.5% - 5.9%) at cheek-position and to (27.5% to 11.8%)
at tilt-position. The peak averaged SAR1g values in head close to
handset without hand, are 4.67 W/Kg and 2.66 W/Kg at cheek and
tilt-position, respectively. Due to the presence of hand, the SAR1g in
head gets reduced to (3.67-3.31 W/Kg) at cheek-position and to
(1.84-1.64 W/Kg) at tilt-position, depending on the hand-hold
position.
Abstract: Nowadays, keyless entry systems are widely adopted
for vehicle immobilizer systems due to both advantages of security and
convenience. Keyless entry systems could overcome brute-force key
guessing attack, statistics attack and masquerade attack, however,
they can't prevent from thieves stealing behavior. In this paper, we
proposed a new architecture try to improve the existent flaws. The
integration of the keyless entry system and the fingerprint
identification technology is more suitable to implement on the
portable transponder to achieve higher security needs. We also adopt
and modify AES security protocol for life expectancy and security of
the portable transponder. In addition, the identification of a driver's
fingerprint makes the service of automatic reinstatement of a driver's
preferences become possible. Our design can satisfy not only the three
kinds of previous illegal attacks, but also the stealing situation.
Furthermore, many practical factors, such as costs, life expectancy and
performance, have been well considered in the design of portable
transponder.
Abstract: In today-s world, the efficient utilization of wood
resources comes more and more to the mind of forest owners. It is a
very complex challenge to ensure an efficient harvest of the wood
resources. This is one of the scopes the project “Virtual Forest II"
addresses. Its core is a database with data about forests containing
approximately 260 million trees located in North Rhine-Westphalia
(NRW). Based on this data, tree growth simulations and wood
mobilization simulations can be conducted. This paper focuses on the
latter. It describes a discrete-event-simulation with an attached 3-D
real time visualization which simulates timber harvest using trees
from the database with different crop resources. This simulation can
be displayed in 3-D to show the progress of the wood crop. All the
data gathered during the simulation is presented as a detailed
summary afterwards. This summary includes cost-benefit
calculations and can be compared to those of previous runs to
optimize the financial outcome of the timber harvest by exchanging
crop resources or modifying their parameters.
Abstract: Recent fifteen years witnessed fast improvements in the field of humanoid robotics. The human-like robot structure is
more suitable to human environment with its supreme obstacle avoidance properties when compared with wheeled service robots.
However, the walking control for bipedal robots is a challenging task
due to their complex dynamics. Stable reference generation plays a very important role in control.
Linear Inverted Pendulum Model (LIPM) and the Zero Moment Point (ZMP) criterion are applied in a number of studies for stable
walking reference generation of biped walking robots. This paper follows this main approach too. We propose a natural and continuous ZMP reference trajectory for a stable and human-like walk. The ZMP reference trajectories move forward under the sole of the support foot when the robot body is supported by a single leg. Robot center of mass trajectory is obtained
from predefined ZMP reference trajectories by a Fourier series
approximation method. The Gibbs phenomenon problem common with Fourier approximations of discontinuous functions is avoided by employing continuous ZMP references. Also, these ZMP reference
trajectories possess pre-assigned single and double support phases,
which are very useful in experimental tuning work.
The ZMP based reference generation strategy is tested via threedimensional
full-dynamics simulations of a 12-degrees-of-freedom
biped robot model. Simulation results indicate that the proposed reference trajectory generation technique is successful.
Abstract: This paper will present the implementation of QoS
policy based system by utilizing rules on Access Control List (ACL)
over Layer 3 (L3) switch. Also presented is the architecture on that
implementation; the tools being used and the result were gathered.
The system architecture has an ability to control ACL rules which are
installed inside an external L3 switch. ACL rules used to instruct the
way of access control being executed, in order to entertain all traffics
through that particular switch. The main advantage of using this
approach is that the single point of failure could be prevented when
there are any changes on ACL rules inside L3 switches. Another
advantage is that the agent could instruct ACL rules automatically
straight away based on the changes occur on policy database without
configuring them one by one. Other than that, when QoS policy
based system was implemented in distributed environment, the
monitoring process can be synchronized easily due to the automate
process running by agent over external policy devices.
Abstract: Proton transfer and hydrogen bonding are two aspects
of the chemistry of hydrogen that respectively govern the behaviour
and structure of many molecules, both simple and complex. All the
theoretical enol and keto conformations of 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-
propandion known as dibenzoylmethane (DBM), have been
investigated by means of atoms in molecules (AIM) theory. It was
found that the most stable conformers are those stabilized by
hydrogen bridges.The aim of the present paper is a thorough
conformational analysis of DBM (with special attention on chelated
cis-enol conformers) in order to obtain detailed information on the
geometrical parameters, relative stabilities and rotational motion of
the phenyl groups. It is also important to estimate the barrier height
for ptoton transfer and hydrogen bond strength, which are the main
factors governing conformational stability.
Abstract: In this study, we present a new and fast algorithm for lung segmentation using CTA images. This process is quite important especially at lung vessel segmentation, detection of pulmonary emboly, finding nodules or segmentation of airways. Applied method has been carried out at four steps. At first step, images have been applied optimal threshold. At the second one, the subsegment vessels, which have a place in lung region and which are in small dimension, have been removed. At the third one, identifying and segmentation of lungs and airway edges have been carried out. Lastly, by throwing away the airway, lung segmentation has been presented.
Abstract: The periodic mixed convection of a water-copper
nanofluid inside a rectangular cavity with aspect ratio of 3 is
investigated numerically. The temperature of the bottom wall of the
cavity is assumed greater than the temperature of the top lid which
oscillates horizontally with the velocity defined as u = u0 sin (ω t).
The effects of Richardson number, Ri, and volume fraction of
nanoparticles on the flow and thermal behavior of the nanofluid are
investigated. Velocity and temperature profiles, streamlines and
isotherms are presented. It is observed that when Ri < 1, heat transfer
rate is much greater than when Ri > 1. The higher value of Ri
corresponds to a lower value of the amplitude of the oscillation of
Num in the steady periodic state. Moreover, increasing the volume
fraction of the nanoparticles increases the heat transfer rate.
Abstract: An experiment was performed in the south of
Morocco in order to evaluate the effect of deficit irrigation by treated
wastewater on chickpea production. We applied six irrigation
treatments on a local variety of chickpea by supplying alternatively
50 or 100% of ETm in a completely randomized design.
We found a highly significant difference between treatments in
terms of biomass production. Drought stress during the vegetative
period showed highest yield with 6.5 t/ha which was more than the
yield obtained for the control (4.9 t/ha). The optimal crop stage in
which deficit irrigation can be applied is the vegetative growth stage,
as the crop has a chance to develop its root system, to be able to
cover the plant needs for water and nutrient supply during the rest of
cycle, and non stress conditions during the flowering and seed filling
stages allow the plant to optimize its photosynthesis and carbon
translocation, therefore increase its productivity.
Abstract: Peer-to-Peer (P2P) is a self-organizing resource sharing network with no centralized authority or infrastructure, which makes it unpredictable and vulnerable. In this paper, we propose architecture to make the peer-to-peer network more centralized, predictable, and safer to use by implementing trust and stopping free riding.
Abstract: This paper analysis performance of disbursement
procedure of public works project in Thailand. The results of
research were summarised based on contracts, submitted invoice,
inspection dated, copies of disbursement dated between client and
their main contractor and interviewed with persons involved in
central and local government projects during 1994-2008 in Thailand.
The data collection was to investigate the disbursement procedure
related to performance in disbursement during construction period
(Planned duration of contract against Actual execution date in each
month). A graphical presentation of a duration analysis of the
projects illustrated significant disbursement formation in each
project. It was established that the shortage of staff, the financial
stability of clients, bureaucratic, method of disbursement and
economics situation has play major role on performance of
disbursement to their main contractors.
Abstract: The many feasible alternatives and conflicting
objectives make equipment selection in materials handling a
complicated task. This paper presents utilizing Monte Carlo (MC)
simulation combined with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to
evaluate and select the most appropriate Material Handling
Equipment (MHE). The proposed hybrid model was built on the base
of material handling equation to identify main and sub criteria critical
to MHE selection. The criteria illustrate the properties of the material
to be moved, characteristics of the move, and the means by which the
materials will be moved. The use of MC simulation beside the AHP
is very powerful where it allows the decision maker to represent
his/her possible preference judgments as random variables. This will
reduce the uncertainty of single point judgment at conventional AHP,
and provide more confidence in the decision problem results. A small
business pharmaceutical company is used as an example to illustrate
the development and application of the proposed model.
Abstract: Cities expansion, urban travels increase, the
technology development, the automobile price cheapen, and the
families' income ascending cause the considerable increase in
automobile numbers of the city. This fact has led to the traffic
creation and the automobile parking site shortage in the city. Also in
Esfahan metropolis, the parking lots shortage has been the great
problem of this town; in addition, in designing and constructing of
the parking sites the traditional methods are utilized which do not
have a reasonable and optimized usage of the valuable urban lands. In
this article, by introducing the prefabricate mechanized parking
system which is inexpensive, simple and quick, and occupies very
small space, therefore provides the high content of parking site for
the cities, we can eliminate the parking space shortage difficulty of
the cities. The achieved results of this research represent that an
optimized utilization of the existent urban spaces for parking site
construction has not been accomplished. By employing the new
parking site technologies such as mechanization categorized parking
sites and the capacity prefabricate mechanized of each parking space
have become 8 multiples; in this case, the valuable urban lands can
be used in an optimized way.
Abstract: The most important property of the Gene Ontology is
the terms. These control vocabularies are defined to provide
consistent descriptions of gene products that are shareable and
computationally accessible by humans, software agent, or other
machine-readable meta-data. Each term is associated with
information such as definition, synonyms, database references, amino
acid sequences, and relationships to other terms. This information has
made the Gene Ontology broadly applied in microarray and
proteomic analysis. However, the process of searching the terms is
still carried out using traditional approach which is based on keyword
matching. The weaknesses of this approach are: ignoring semantic
relationships between terms, and highly depending on a specialist to
find similar terms. Therefore, this study combines semantic similarity
measure and genetic algorithm to perform a better retrieval process
for searching semantically similar terms. The semantic similarity
measure is used to compute similitude strength between two terms.
Then, the genetic algorithm is employed to perform batch retrievals
and to handle the situation of the large search space of the Gene
Ontology graph. The computational results are presented to show the
effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.