Abstract: Parallel hybrid storage systems consist of a hierarchy of different storage devices that vary in terms of data reading speed performance. As we ascend in the hierarchy, data reading speed becomes faster. Thus, migrating the application’ important data that will be accessed in the near future to the uppermost level will reduce the application I/O waiting time; hence, reducing its execution elapsed time. In this research, we implement trace-driven two-levels parallel hybrid storage system prototype that consists of HDDs and SSDs. The prototype uses data mining techniques to classify application’ data in order to determine its near future data accesses in parallel with the its on-demand request. The important data (i.e. the data that the application will access in the near future) are continuously migrated to the uppermost level of the hierarchy. Our simulation results show that our data migration approach integrated with data mining techniques reduces the application execution elapsed time when using variety of traces in at least to 22%.
Abstract: As greenhouse effect has been recognized as serious environmental problem of the world, interests in carbon dioxide (CO2) emission which comprises major part of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have been increased recently. Since construction industry takes a relatively large portion of total CO2 emissions of the world, extensive studies about reducing CO2 emissions in construction and operation of building have been carried out after the 2000s. Also, performance based design (PBD) methodology based on nonlinear analysis has been robustly developed after Northridge Earthquake in 1994 to assure and assess seismic performance of building more exactly because structural engineers recognized that prescriptive code based design approach cannot address inelastic earthquake responses directly and assure performance of building exactly. Although CO2 emissions and PBD approach are recent rising issues on construction industry and structural engineering, there were few or no researches considering these two issues simultaneously. Thus, the objective of this study is to minimize the CO2 emissions and cost of building designed by PBD approach in structural design stage considering structural materials. 4 story and 4 span reinforced concrete building optimally designed to minimize CO2 emissions and cost of building and to satisfy specific seismic performance (collapse prevention in maximum considered earthquake) of building satisfying prescriptive code regulations using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II). Optimized design result showed that minimized CO2 emissions and cost of building were acquired satisfying specific seismic performance. Therefore, the methodology proposed in this paper can be used to reduce both CO2 emissions and cost of building designed by PBD approach.
Abstract: Cytotoxic platinum compounds play a major role in the chemotherapy of a large number of human cancers. However, due to the severe side effects for the patient and other problems associated with their use, there is a need for the development of more efficient drugs and new methods for their selective delivery to the tumours. One way to achieve the latter could be in the use of nanoparticular substrates that can adsorb or chemically bind the drug. In the cell, the drug is supposed to be slowly released, either by physical desorption or by dissolution of the particle framework. Ideally, the cytotoxic properties of the platinum drug unfold only then, in the cancer cell and over a longer period of time due to the gradual release. In this paper, we report on our first steps in this direction. The binding properties of a series of cytotoxic Pt(II) oxadiazoline compounds to mesoporous silica particles has been studied by NMR and UV/vis spectroscopy. High loadings were achieved when the Pt(II) compound was relatively polar, and has been dissolved in a relatively nonpolar solvent before the silica was added. Typically, 6-10 hours were required for complete equilibration, suggesting the adsorption did not only occur to the outer surface but also to the interior of the pores. The untreated and Pt(II) loaded particles were characterised by C, H, N combustion analysis, BET/BJH nitrogen sorption, electron microscopy (REM and TEM) and EDX. With the latter methods we were able to demonstrate the homogenous distribution of the Pt(II) compound on and in the silica particles, and no Pt(II) bulk precipitate had formed. The in vitro cytotoxicity in a human cancer cell line (HeLa) has been determined for one of the new platinum compounds adsorbed to mesoporous silica particles of different size, and compared with the corresponding compound in solution. The IC50 data are similar in all cases, suggesting that the release of the Pt(II) compound was relatively fast and possibly occurred before the particles reached the cells. Overall, the platinum drug is chemically stable on silica and retained its activity upon prolonged storage.
Abstract: This paper describes the Message Passing Interface
(MPI) implementation of ADETRAN language, and its evaluation
on SX-ACE supercomputers. ADETRAN language includes pdo
statement that specifies the data distribution and parallel computations
and pass statement that specifies the redistribution of arrays. Two
methods for implementation of pass statement are discussed and the
performance evaluation using Splitting-Up CG method is presented.
The effectiveness of the parallelization is evaluated and the advantage
of one dimensional distribution is empirically confirmed by using the
results of experiments.
Abstract: Introduction: Student nurses must develop skills in observation, communication and reflection as well as public health knowledge from their first year of training. This paper will explain a method developed for students to collect their own findings about public health in urban areas. These areas are both rich in the history of old public health that informs the content of many traditional public health walks, but are also locations where new public health concerns about chronic disease are concentrated. The learning method explained in this paper enables students to collect their own data and write original work as first year students. Examples of their findings will be given. Methodology: In small groups, health care students are instructed to walk in neighbourhoods near to the hospitals they will soon attend as apprentice nurses. On their walks, they wander slowly, engage in conversations, and enter places open to the public. As they drift, they observe with all five senses in the real three dimensional world to collect data for their reflective accounts of old and new public health. They are encouraged to stop for refreshments and taste, as well as look, hear, smell, and touch while on their walk. They reflect as a group and later develop an individual reflective account in which they write up their deep reflections about what they observed on their walk. In preparation for their walk, they are encouraged to look at studies of quality of Life and other neighbourhood statistics as well as undertaking a risk assessment for their walk. Findings: Reflecting on their walks, students apply theoretical concepts around social determinants of health and health inequalities to develop their understanding of communities in the neighbourhoods visited. They write about the treasured historical architecture made of stone, bronze and marble which have outlived those who built them; but also how the streets are used now. The students develop their observations into thematic analyses such as: what we drink as illustrated by the empty coke can tossed into a now disused drinking fountain; the shift in home-life balance illustrated by streets where families once lived over the shop which are now walked by commuters weaving around each other as they talk on their mobile phones; and security on the street, with CCTV cameras placed at regular intervals, signs warning trespasses and barbed wire; but little evidence of local people watching the street. Conclusion: In evaluations of their first year, students have reported the health walk as one of their best experiences. The innovative approach was commended by the UK governing body of nurse education and it received a quality award from the nurse education funding body. This approach to education allows students to develop skills in the real world and write original work.
Abstract: The fluid-structure coupling is a natural phenomenon which reflects the effects of two continuums: fluid and structure of different types in the reciprocal action on each other, involving knowledge of elasticity and fluid mechanics. The solution for such problems is based on the relations of continuum mechanics and is mostly solved with numerical methods. It is a computational challenge to solve such problems because of the complex geometries, intricate physics of fluids, and complicated fluid-structure interactions. The way in which the interaction between fluid and solid is described gives the largest opportunity for reducing the computational effort. In this paper, a problem of fluid structure interaction is investigated with two-way coupling method. The formulation Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) was used, by considering a dynamic grid, where the solid is described by a Lagrangian formulation and the fluid by a Eulerian formulation. The simulation was made on the ANSYS software.
Abstract: Coffee is a widely consumed beverage with many components such as caffeine, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and minerals. Coffee consumption continues to increase due to its physiological effects, its pleasant taste, and aroma. Robusta and Arabica are two basic types of coffee beans. The coffee bean used for Turkish coffee is Arabica. There are many elements in the structure of coffee and have various effect on human health such as Sodium (Na), Boron (B), Magnesium (Mg) and Iron (Fe). In this study, the amounts of Mg, Na, Fe, and B contents in Turkish coffee are determined and effect of sugar addition is investigated for conscious consumption. The analysis of the contents of coffees was determined by using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). From the results of the experiments the Mg, Na, Fe and B contents of Turkish coffee after sugar addition were found as 19.83, 1.04, 0.02, 0.21 ppm, while without using sugar these concentrations were found 21.46, 0.81, 0.008 and 0.16 ppm. In addition, element contents were calculated for 1, 3 and 5 cups of coffee in order to investigate the health effects.
Abstract: Sinai Peninsula and Suez Canal Corridor are promising and important economic regions in Egypt due to the unique location and development opportunities. Thus, the climate change impacts should be assessed over the mentioned area. Accordingly, this paper aims to assess the climate extreme indices in through the last 35 year over Sinai Peninsula and Suez Canal Corridor in addition to predict the climate extreme indices up to 2100. Present and future climate indices were analyzed with using different RCP scenarios 4.5 and 8.5 from 2010 until 2100 for Sinai Peninsula and Suez Canal Corridor. Furthermore, both CanESM and HadGEM2 global circulation models were used. The results indicate that the number of summer days is predicted to increase, on the other hand the frost days is predicted to decrease. Moreover, it is noted a slight positive trend for the percentile of wet and extremely days R95p and R99p for RCP4.5 and negative trend for RCP8.5.
Abstract: Jabal Omar is located in the western side of Makkah city in Saudi Arabia. The proposed Jabal Omar Development project includes several multi-storey buildings, roads, bridges and below ground structures founded at various depths. In this study, geological mapping and site inspection which covered pre-selected areas were carried out within the easily accessed parts. Geological features; including rock types, structures, degree of weathering, and geotechnical hazards were observed and analyzed with specified software and also were documented in form of photographs. The presence of joints and fractures in the area made the rock blocks small and weak. The site is full of jointing; it was observed that, the northern side consists of 3 to 4 jointing systems with 2 random fractures associated with dykes. The southern part is affected by 2 to 3 jointing systems with minor fault and shear zones. From the field measurements and observations, it was concluded that, the Jabal Omar intruded by andesitic and basaltic dykes of different thickness and orientation. These dykes made the outcrop weak, highly deformed and made the rock masses sensitive to weathering.
Abstract: This study has an objective to analyze foreign policy
of member states in globalization current, aiming to answer that the
foreign policy of member states have been changed or remained the
same and there are any factors affecting changing of foreign policy of
the member states.
From the study results, it is found that the foreign policy of
Thailand is a friendly foreign policy with all states. The policy of
Indonesia is more opened because of a change in leader, allowing
more democratic development in the country; the government has
proceeded with friendly foreign policy with the states in order to
bring funds into the state. The foreign policy of Malaysia is not much
changed as there is no changing in the leader; the policy of Malaysia
has reconciled relations with main city of Indian and Chinese residing
in the country in order to bring investments into the country and to
relieve tensions in the country. The foreign policy of the Philippines
has proceeded with policy under the ASEAN framework and
emphasized on international Islam communities. The foreign policy
of Singapore has the least changed as the Singapore's policy focuses
on internal trade since the state was found. As for the foreign policy
of Brunei Darussalam, Brunei has a little role in the international
stage; the state having closest relationship as from the view of history
is Singapore as the Singaporean has invested in retailing business in
Brunei. The foreign policy of Vietnam has emphasized on an
omnidirectional foreign policy in order to compete with several states
in global stage. The foreign policy of Myanmar has proceeded with a
friendly foreign policy with all ASEAN member states, the East-west
Corridor transportation line from Myanmar through Thailand and Lao
to Vietnam has been developed. As for the foreign policy of Lao, In
2001, the Thai government and Lao government held a discussion
which Thailand reaffirmed the position not to support the anti-Lao
group. The foreign policy of Cambodia has proceeded with more
openness, having good relation with China, Russia and USA as these
states has invested in the state, especially the US company.
Abstract: The damage caused by surge waves generated in water
bodies by flow-like landslides can be very high in terms of human
lives and economic losses. The complicated phenomena occurred in
this highly unsteady process are difficult to model because three
interacting phases: air, water and sediment are involved. The problem
therefore is challenging since the effects of non-Newtonian fluid
describing the rheology of the flow-like landslides, multi-phase flow
and free surface have to be included in the simulation. In this work, the
commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) package FLUENT is
used to model the surge waves due to flow-like landslides. The
comparison between the numerical results and experimental data
reported in the literature confirms the accuracy of the method.
Abstract: This paper describes the use of by-products as
adsorbents for removing heavy metals from aqueous effluent
solutions. Products of almond skin, walnut shell, saw dust, rice bran
and egg shell were evaluated as metal ion adsorbents in aqueous
solutions. A comparative study was done with commercial adsorbents
like ion exchange resins and activated carbon too. Batch experiments
were investigated to determine the affinity of all of biomasses for,
Cd(ΙΙ), Cr(ΙΙΙ), Ni(ΙΙ), and Pb(ΙΙ) metal ions at pH 5. The rate of
metal ion removal in the synthetic wastewater by the biomass was
evaluated by measuring final concentration of synthetic wastewater.
At a concentration of metal ion (50 mg/L), egg shell adsorbed high
levels (98.6 – 99.7%) of Pb(ΙΙ) and Cr(ΙΙΙ) and walnut shell adsorbed
high levels (35.3 – 65.4%) of Ni(ΙΙ) and Cd(ΙΙ). In this study, it has
been shown that by-products were excellent adsorbents for removal
of toxic ions from wastewater with efficiency comparable to
commercially available adsorbents, but at a reduced cost. Also
statistical studies using Independent Sample t Test and ANOVA Oneway
for statistical comparison between various elements adsorption
showed that there isn’t a significant difference in some elements
adsorption percentage by by-products and commercial adsorbents.
Abstract: Proper selection of welding parameters for getting
excellent weld is a challenge. HAZ simulation helps in identifying
suitable welding parameters like heating rate, cooling rate, peak
temperature, and energy input. In this study, the influence of weld
thermal cycle of heat affected zone (HAZ) is simulated for
Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) using Gleeble ® 3800 thermomechanical
simulator. A (Micro-alloyed) MA steel plate of thickness
18 mm having yield strength 450MPa is used for making test
specimens. Determination of the mechanical properties of weld
simulated specimens including Charpy V-notch toughness and
hardness is performed. Peak temperatures of 1300°C, 1150°C,
1000°C, 900°C, 800°C, heat energy input of 22KJ/cm and preheat
temperatures of 30°C have been used with Rykalin-3D simulation
model. It is found that the impact toughness (75J) is the best for the
simulated HAZ specimen at the peak temperature 900ºC. For parent
steel, impact toughness value is 26.8J at -50°C in transverse
direction.
Abstract: Forecasting electricity load plays a crucial role regards
decision making and planning for economical purposes. Besides, in
the light of the recent privatization and deregulation of the power
industry, the forecasting of future electricity load turned out to be a
very challenging problem. Empirical data about electricity load
highlights a clear seasonal behavior (higher load during the winter
season), which is partly due to climatic effects. We also emphasize
the presence of load periodicity at a weekly basis (electricity load is
usually lower on weekends or holidays) and at daily basis (electricity
load is clearly influenced by the hour). Finally, a long-term trend may
depend on the general economic situation (for example, industrial
production affects electricity load). All these features must be
captured by the model.
The purpose of this paper is then to build an hourly electricity load
model. The deterministic component of the model requires non-linear
regression and Fourier series while we will investigate the stochastic
component through econometrical tools.
The calibration of the parameters’ model will be performed by
using data coming from the Italian market in a 6 year period (2007-
2012). Then, we will perform a Monte Carlo simulation in order to
compare the simulated data respect to the real data (both in-sample
and out-of-sample inspection). The reliability of the model will be
deduced thanks to standard tests which highlight a good fitting of the
simulated values.
Abstract: With the rapid development of computer technology,
the design of computers and keyboards moves towards a trend of
slimness. The change of mobile input devices directly influences
users’ behavior. Although multi-touch applications allow entering
texts through a virtual keyboard, the performance, feedback, and
comfortableness of the technology is inferior to traditional keyboard,
and while manufacturers launch mobile touch keyboards and
projection keyboards, the performance has not been satisfying.
Therefore, this study discussed the design factors of slim
pressure-sensitive keyboards. The factors were evaluated with an
objective (accuracy and speed) and a subjective evaluation
(operability, recognition, feedback, and difficulty) depending on the
shape (circle, rectangle, and L-shaped), thickness (flat, 3mm, and
6mm), and force (35±10g, 60±10g, and 85±10g) of the keyboard.
Moreover, MANOVA and Taguchi methods (regarding
signal-to-noise ratios) were conducted to find the optimal level of each
design factor. The research participants, by their typing speed (30
words/ minute), were divided in two groups. Considering the
multitude of variables and levels, the experiments were implemented
using the fractional factorial design. A representative model of the
research samples were established for input task testing. The findings
of this study showed that participants with low typing speed primarily
relied on vision to recognize the keys, and those with high typing
speed relied on tactile feedback that was affected by the thickness and
force of the keys. In the objective and subjective evaluation, a
combination of keyboard design factors that might result in higher
performance and satisfaction was identified (L-shaped, 3mm, and
60±10g) as the optimal combination. The learning curve was analyzed
to make a comparison with a traditional standard keyboard to
investigate the influence of user experience on keyboard operation.
The research results indicated the optimal combination provided input
performance to inferior to a standard keyboard. The results could serve
as a reference for the development of related products in industry and
for applying comprehensively to touch devices and input interfaces
which are interacted with people.
Abstract: Biological processes based on oxidation of sulfur
compounds by chemolithotrophic microorganisms are emerging as an
efficient and eco-friendly technique for removal of sulfur from the
coal. In the present article, study was carried out to investigate the
potential of biodesulfurization process in removing the sulfur from
lignite coal sample collected from a Mongolian coal mine. The batch
biodesulfurization experiments were conducted in 2.5 L borosilicate
baffle type reactors at 35 ºC using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans.
The effect of pulp density on efficiency of biodesulfurization was
investigated at different solids concentration (1-10%) of coal. The
results of the present study suggested that the rate of desulfurization
was retarded at higher coal pulp density. The optimum pulp density
found 5% at which about 48% of the total sulfur was removed from
the coal.
Abstract: Topology optimization technique utilizes constant
element densities as design parameters. Finally, optimal distribution
contours of the material densities between voids (0) and solids (1) in
design domain represent the determination of topology. It means that
regions with element density values become occupied by solids in
design domain, while there are only void phases in regions where no
density values exist. Therefore the void regions of topology
optimization results provide design information to decide appropriate
depositions of web-opening in structure. Contrary to the basic
objective of the topology optimization technique which is to obtain
optimal topology of structures, this present study proposes a new idea
that topology optimization results can be also utilized for decision of
proper web-opening’s position. Numerical examples of linear
elastostatic structures demonstrate efficiency of methodological
design processes using topology optimization in order to determinate
the proper deposition of web-openings.
Abstract: Object manipulation techniques in robotics can be
categorized in two major groups including manipulation with grasp
and manipulation without grasp. The original aim of this paper is to
develop an object manipulation method where in addition to being
grasp-less, the manipulation task is done in a passive approach. In
this method, linear and angular positions of the object are changed
and its manipulation path is controlled. The manipulation path is a
helix track with constant radius and incline. The method presented in
this paper proposes a system which has not the actuator and the active
controller. So this system requires a passive mechanical intelligence
to convey the object from the status of the source along the specified
path to the goal state. This intelligent is created based on utilizing the
geometry of the system components. A general set up for the
components of the system is considered to satisfy the required
conditions. Then after kinematical analysis, detailed dimensions and
geometry of the mechanism is obtained. The kinematical results are
verified by simulation in ADAMS.
Abstract: The purposes of this study are 1) to study the frequent
English writing errors of students registering the course: Reading and
Writing English for Academic Purposes II, and 2) to find out the
results of writing error correction by using coded indirect corrective
feedback and writing error treatments. Samples include 28 2nd year
English Major students, Faculty of Education, Suan Sunandha
Rajabhat University. Tool for experimental study includes the lesson
plan of the course; Reading and Writing English for Academic
Purposes II, and tool for data collection includes 4 writing tests of
short texts. The research findings disclose that frequent English
writing errors found in this course comprise 7 types of grammatical
errors, namely Fragment sentence, Subject-verb agreement, Wrong
form of verb tense, Singular or plural noun endings, Run-ons
sentence, Wrong form of verb pattern and Lack of parallel structure.
Moreover, it is found that the results of writing error correction by
using coded indirect corrective feedback and error treatment reveal
the overall reduction of the frequent English writing errors and the
increase of students’ achievement in the writing of short texts with
the significance at .05.
Abstract: Data driven dynamic logic is the high speed dynamic circuit with low area. The clock of the dynamic circuit is removed and data drives the circuit instead of clock for precharging purpose. This data driven dynamic nand gate is given static forward substrate biasing of Vsupply/2 as well as the substrate bias is connected to the input data, resulting in dynamic substrate bias. The dynamic substrate bias gives the shortest propagation delay with a penalty on the power dissipation. Propagation delay is reduced by 77.8% compared to the normal reverse substrate bias Data driven dynamic nand. Also dynamic substrate biased D3nand’s propagation delay is reduced by 31.26% compared to data driven dynamic nand gate with static forward substrate biasing of Vdd/2. This data driven dynamic nand gate with dynamic body biasing gives us the highest speed with no area penalty and finds its applications where power penalty is acceptable. Also combination of Dynamic and static Forward body bias can be used with reduced propagation delay compared to static forward biased circuit and with comparable increase in an average power. The simulations were done on hspice simulator with 22nm High-k metal gate strained Si technology HP models of Arizona State University, USA.