Abstract: In historical science and social science, the influence
of natural disaster upon society is a matter of great interest. In
recent years, some archives are made through many hands for natural
disasters, however it is inefficiency and waste. So, we suppose a
computer system to create a historical natural disaster archive. As
the target of this analysis, we consider newspaper articles. The news
articles are considered to be typical examples that prescribe the
temporal relations of affairs for natural disaster. In order to do this
analysis, we identify the occurrences in newspaper articles by some
index entries, considering the affairs which are specific to natural
disasters, and show the temporal relation between natural disasters.
We designed and implemented the automatic system of “extraction
of the occurrences of natural disaster" and “temporal relation table
for natural disaster."
Abstract: Wireless Sensor Network is widely used in electronics. Wireless sensor networks are now used in many applications including military, environmental, healthcare applications, home automation and traffic control. We will study one area of wireless sensor networks, which is the routing protocol. Routing protocols are needed to send data between sensor nodes and the base station. In this paper, we will discuss two routing protocols, such as datacentric and hierarchical routing protocol. We will show the output of the protocols using the NS-2 simulator. This paper will compare the simulation output of the two routing protocol using Nam. We will simulate using Xgraph to find the throughput and delay of the protocol.
Abstract: In this paper, the problem of estimating the optimal
radio capacity of a single-cell spread spectrum (SS) multiple-inputmultiple-
output (MIMO) system operating in a Rayleigh fading environment
is examined. The optimisation between the radio capacity
and the theoretically achievable average channel capacity (in the
sense of information theory) per user of a MIMO single-cell SS system
operating in a Rayleigh fading environment is presented. Then,
the spectral efficiency is estimated in terms of the achievable average
channel capacity per user, during the operation over a broadcast
time-varying link, and leads to a simple novel-closed form expression
for the optimal radio capacity value based on the maximization
of the achieved spectral efficiency. Numerical results are presented to
illustrate the proposed analysis.
Abstract: Because today-s media centric students have adopted
digital as their native form of communication, teachers are having
increasingly difficult time motivating reluctant readers to read and
write. Our research has shown these text-averse individuals can learn
to understand the importance of reading and writing if the instruction
is based on digital narratives. While these students are naturally
attracted to story, they are better at consuming them than creating
them. Therefore, any intervention that utilizes story as its basis needs
to include instruction on the elements of story making. This paper
presents a series of digitally-based tools to identify potential
weaknesses of visually impaired visual learners and to help motivate
these and other media-centric students to select and complete books
that are assigned to them
Abstract: Breast carcinoma is the most common form of cancer
in women. Multicolour fluorescent in-situ hybridisation (m-FISH) is
a common method for staging breast carcinoma. The interpretation
of m-FISH images is complicated due to two effects: (i) Spectral
overlap in the emission spectra of fluorochrome marked DNA probes
and (ii) tissue autofluorescence. In this paper hyper-spectral images of
m-FISH samples are used and spectral unmixing is applied to produce
false colour images with higher contrast and better information
content than standard RGB images. The spectral unmixing is realised
by combinations of: Orthogonal Projection Analysis (OPA), Alterating
Least Squares (ALS), Simple-to-use Interactive Self-Modeling
Mixture Analysis (SIMPLISMA) and VARIMAX. These are applied
on the data to reduce tissue autofluorescence and resolve the spectral
overlap in the emission spectra. The results show that spectral unmixing
methods reduce the intensity caused by tissue autofluorescence by
up to 78% and enhance image contrast by algorithmically reducing
the overlap of the emission spectra.
Abstract: This research was conducted to develop a correlation
between microstructure of HSLA steel and the mechanical properties
that occur as a result of both laser and mechanical forming processes
of the metal. The technique of forming flat metals by applying laser
beams is a relatively new concept in the manufacturing industry.
However, the effects of laser energy on the stability of metal alloy
phases have not yet been elucidated in terms of phase
transformations and microhardness. In this work, CO2 laser source
was used to irradiate the surface of a flat metal then the
microstructure and microhardness of the metal were studied on the
formed specimen. The extent to which the microstructure changed
depended on the heat inputs of up to 1000 J/cm2 with cooling rates of
about 4.8E+02 K/s. Experimental results revealed that the irradiated
surface of a HSLA steel had transformed to austenitic structure
during the heating process.
Abstract: This paper proposes the study of a robust control of
the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used in a wind energy
production. The proposed control is based on the linear active
disturbance rejection control (ADRC) and it is applied to the control
currents rotor of the DFIG, the DC bus voltage and active and
reactive power exchanged between the DFIG and the network. The
system under study and the proposed control are simulated using
MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Abstract: Moulded parts contribute to more than 70% of
components in products. However, common defects particularly in
plastic injection moulding exist such as: warpage, shrinkage, sink
marks, and weld lines. In this paper Taguchi experimental design
methods are applied to reduce the warpage defect of thin plate
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and are demonstrated in two
levels; namely, orthogonal arrays of Taguchi and the Analysis of
Variance (ANOVA). Eight trials have been run in which the optimal
parameters that can minimize the warpage defect in factorial
experiment are obtained. The results obtained from ANOVA
approach analysis with respect to those derived from MINITAB
illustrate the most significant factors which may cause warpage in
injection moulding process. Moreover, ANOVA approach in
comparison with other approaches like S/N ratio is more accurate and
with the interaction of factors it is possible to achieve higher and the
better outcomes.
Abstract: We introduce an effective approach for automatic offline au- thentication of handwritten samples where the forgeries are skillfully done, i.e., the true and forgery sample appearances are almost alike. Subtle details of temporal information used in online verification are not available offline and are also hard to recover robustly. Thus the spatial dynamic information like the pen-tip pressure characteristics are considered, emphasizing on the extraction of low density pixels. The points result from the ballistic rhythm of a genuine signature which a forgery, however skillful that may be, always lacks. Ten effective features, including these low density points and den- sity ratio, are proposed to make the distinction between a true and a forgery sample. An adaptive decision criteria is also derived for better verification judgements.
Abstract: Multicast Network Technology has pervaded our
lives-a few examples of the Networking Techniques and also for the
improvement of various routing devices we use. As we know the
Multicast Data is a technology offers many applications to the user
such as high speed voice, high speed data services, which is presently
dominated by the Normal networking and the cable system and
digital subscriber line (DSL) technologies. Advantages of Multi cast
Broadcast such as over other routing techniques. Usually QoS
(Quality of Service) Guarantees are required in most of Multicast
applications. The bandwidth-delay constrained optimization and we
use a multi objective model and routing approach based on genetic
algorithm that optimizes multiple QoS parameters simultaneously.
The proposed approach is non-dominated routes and the performance
with high efficiency of GA. Its betterment and high optimization has
been verified. We have also introduced and correlate the result of
multicast GA with the Broadband wireless to minimize the delay in
the path.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine and
compare physical fitness values of students engaged in different team
sport branches Totally 60 female, and 60 male athletes, that 20
athletes in each branch which are volleyball, basketball and football
participated the study as a volunteer. The mean ages of female and
male athletes were 21.20 ±1.87 and 21.61 ± 1.61 respectively. Age,
height, body weight, body mass index, flexibility, body fat
percentage, 30m sprint, maximum oxygen consumption capacity
(MaxVO2) and drop jump values were measured. As a result of
measurements, significant differences were found in height, weight,
MaxVO2, shuttle run speed between different sports branches in
female athletes. In male athletes, height, body weight, flexibility,
30m split speed and drop jump values were found significantly
different between sports branches.
As a conclusion and as a literature, it can be said that structure of
body has to be appropriate with the engaged sports branch. Physical
fitness values that required the sports branches can be expressed
clearly by increasing the number of subjects.
Abstract: The customary practice of identifying industrial sickness is a set traditional techniques which rely upon a range of manual monitoring and compilation of financial records. It makes the process tedious, time consuming and often are susceptible to manipulation. Therefore, certain readily available tools are required which can deal with such uncertain situations arising out of industrial sickness. It is more significant for a country like India where the fruits of development are rarely equally distributed. In this paper, we propose an approach based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to deal with industrial sickness with specific focus on a few such units taken from a less developed north-east (NE) Indian state like Assam. The proposed system provides decision regarding industrial sickness using eight different parameters which are directly related to the stages of sickness of such units. The mechanism primarily uses certain signals and symptoms of industrial health to decide upon the state of a unit. Specifically, we formulate an ANN based block with data obtained from a few selected units of Assam so that required decisions related to industrial health could be taken. The system thus formulated could become an important part of planning and development. It can also contribute towards computerization of decision support systems related to industrial health and help in better management.
Abstract: Titanium nitride (TiN) has been synthesized using the
sheet plasma negative ion source (SPNIS). The parameters used for
its effective synthesis has been determined from previous
experiments and studies. In this study, further enhancement of the
deposition rate of TiN synthesis and advancement of the SPNIS
operation is presented. This is primarily achieved by the addition of
Sm-Co permanent magnets and a modification of the configuration in
the TiN deposition process. The magnetic enhancement is aimed at
optimizing the sputtering rate and the sputtering yield of the process.
The Sm-Co permanent magnets are placed below the Ti target for
better sputtering by argon. The Ti target is biased from –250V to –
350V and is sputtered by Ar plasma produced at discharge current of
2.5–4A and discharge potential of 60–90V. Steel substrates of
dimensions 20x20x0.5mm3 were prepared with N2:Ar volumetric
ratios of 1:3, 1:5 and 1:10. Ocular inspection of samples exhibit
bright gold color associated with TiN. XRD characterization
confirmed the effective TiN synthesis as all samples exhibit the (200)
and (311) peaks of TiN and the non-stoichiometric Ti2N (220) facet.
Cross-sectional SEM results showed increase in the TiN deposition
rate of up to 0.35μm/min. This doubles what was previously obtained
[1]. Scanning electron micrograph results give a comparative
morphological picture of the samples. Vickers hardness results gave
the largest hardness value of 21.094GPa.
Abstract: For complete support of Quality of Service, it is better that environment itself predicts resource requirements of a job by using special methods in the Grid computing. The exact and correct prediction causes exact matching of required resources with available resources. After the execution of each job, the used resources will be saved in the active database named "History". At first some of the attributes will be exploit from the main job and according to a defined similarity algorithm the most similar executed job will be exploited from "History" using statistic terms such as linear regression or average, resource requirements will be predicted. The new idea in this research is based on active database and centralized history maintenance. Implementation and testing of the proposed architecture results in accuracy percentage of 96.68% to predict CPU usage of jobs and 91.29% of memory usage and 89.80% of the band width usage.
Abstract: This study examined the underlying dimensions of
brand equity in the chocolate industry. For this purpose, researchers
developed a model to identify which factors are influential in
building brand equity. The second purpose was to assess brand
loyalty and brand images mediating effect between brand attitude,
brand personality, brand association with brand equity. The study
employed structural equation modeling to investigate the causal
relationships between the dimensions of brand equity and brand
equity itself. It specifically measured the way in which consumers’
perceptions of the dimensions of brand equity affected the overall
brand equity evaluations. Data were collected from a sample of
consumers of chocolate industry in Iran. The results of this empirical
study indicate that brand loyalty and brand image are important
components of brand equity in this industry. Moreover, the role of
brand loyalty and brand image as mediating factors in the intention of
brand equity are supported. The principal contribution of the present
research is that it provides empirical evidence of the
multidimensionality of consumer based brand equity, supporting
Aaker´s and Keller´s conceptualization of brand equity. The present
research also enriched brand equity building by incorporating the
brand personality and brand image, as recommended by previous
researchers. Moreover, creating the brand equity index in chocolate
industry of Iran particularly is novel.
Abstract: The present study aims at determining the effect of ageing on the impact toughness and microstructure of 2024 Al-Cu - Mg alloy. Following the 2 h solutionizing treatment at 450°C and water quench, the specimens were aged at 200°C for various periods (1 to 18 h). The precipitation stages during ageing were monitored by hardness measurements. For each specimen group, Charpy impact and hardness tests were carried out. During ageing the impact toughness of the alloy first increased, and then, following a maxima decreased due to the precipitation of intermediate phases, finally it reached its minimum at the peak hardness. Correlations between hardness and impact toughness were investigated.
Abstract: Competitive relationships among Bradyrhizobium
japonicum USDA serogroup 123, 122 and 138 were screened versus
the standard commercial soybean variety Williams and two
introductions P1 377578 "671" in a field trial. Displacement of strain
123 by an effective strain should improved N2 fixation. Root nodules
were collected and strain occupancy percentage was determined
using strain specific fluorescent antibodies technique. As anticipated
the strain USDA 123 dominated 92% of nodules due to the high
affinity between the host and the symbiont. This dominance was
consistent and not changed materially either by inoculation practice
or by introducing new strainan. The interrelationship between the
genotype Williams and serogroup 122 & 138 was found very weak
although the cell density of the strain in the rhizosphere area was
equal. On the other hand, the nodule occupancy of genotypes 671 and
166 with rhizobia serogroup 123 was almost diminished to zero. .
The data further exhibited that the genotypes P1 671 and P1 166 have
high affinity to colonize with strains 122 and 138 whereas Williams
was highly promiscuous to strain 123.
Abstract: Phrases has a long history in information retrieval, particularly in commercial systems. Implicit semantic relationship between words in a form of BaseNP have shown significant improvement in term of precision in many IR studies. Our research focuses on linguistic phrases which is language dependent. Our results show that using BaseNP can improve performance although above 62% of words formation in Malay Language based on derivational affixes and suffixes.
Abstract: The purpose of the present study is the investigation
of the relationship between knowledge management and enabling
managers based on achieving proper function. This research is
descriptive and investigative. The sample includes all male and
female high school managers of first and second regions of Urmia
including 98 school and accordingly 98 managers. The instrument
applied was a questionnaire. To sum up, there is a statistically
significant relationship between knowledge management and
empowering managers. In the end, several suggestions are provided.
Abstract: This paper presents a critical study about the
application of Neural Networks to ion-exchange process. Ionexchange
is a complex non-linear process involving many factors
influencing the ions uptake mechanisms from the pregnant solution.
The following step includes the elution. Published data presents
empirical isotherm equations with definite shortcomings resulting in
unreliable predictions. Although Neural Network simulation
technique encounters a number of disadvantages including its “black
box", and a limited ability to explicitly identify possible causal
relationships, it has the advantage to implicitly handle complex
nonlinear relationships between dependent and independent
variables. In the present paper, the Neural Network model based on
the back-propagation algorithm Levenberg-Marquardt was developed
using a three layer approach with a tangent sigmoid transfer function
(tansig) at hidden layer with 11 neurons and linear transfer function
(purelin) at out layer. The above mentioned approach has been used
to test the effectiveness in simulating ion exchange processes. The
modeling results showed that there is an excellent agreement between
the experimental data and the predicted values of copper ions
removed from aqueous solutions.