Abstract: The Kowsar dam supply water for different usages
such as drinking, industrial, agricultural and aquaculture farms
usages and located next to the city of Dehdashat in Kohgiluye and
Boyerahmad province in southern Iran. There are some towns and
villages on the Kowsar dam watersheds, which Dehdasht and Choram
are the most important and populated cities in this area. The study
was undertaken to assess the status of water quality in the urban areas
of the Kowsar dam. A total of 28 water samples were collected from
6 stations on surface water and 1 station from groundwater on the
watershed of the Kowsar dam. All the samples were analyzed for Ni
concentration using standard procedures. The results were compared
with other national and international standards. Among the analyzed
samples, as the maximum value of Nickel (0.01 mg/L) was observed
on the station 2 at the autumn 2010, all the samples analyzed were
within the maximum admissible limits by the United States
Environmental Protection Agency, EU, WHO and the Iranian. In
general results of the present study have shown that a Ni mean value
of station No. 2 with 0.006 mg/L is higher than the other stations. Ni
level of all samples and stations have had normal values and this is an
indication of pollution potential and hazards because of human
activity and waste water of towns in the areas, which can effect on
human health implications in future. This research, therefore,
recommends the government and other responsible authorities to take
suitable improving measures in the Kowsar dam watersheds.
Abstract: The article examines an opportunity of corruption
restriction exercised by international business community in Russia.
Integration of Russian economy into the international business does
not reduce corruption inside the country. Foreign actors investing in
Russia under the condition of obtaining their required rates of returns
will be reluctant to harm their investments by involving into anticorruption
activities. Furthermore, many Russian firms- competitive
advantage could be directly related to their corruption connections. In
this case, foreign investments would only accentuate corrupt
companies- success by supporting them financially
Abstract: In aerospace applications, interactions of airflow with
aircraft structures can result in undesirable structural deformations.
This structural deformation in turn, can be predicted if the natural
modes of the structure are known. This can be achieved through
conventional modal testing that requires a known excitation force in
order to extract these dynamic properties. This technique can be
experimentally complex because of the need for artificial excitation
and it is also does not represent actual operational condition. The
current work presents part of research work that address the practical
implementation of operational modal analysis (OMA) applied to a
cantilevered hybrid composite plate employing single contactless
sensing system via laser vibrometer. OMA technique extracts the
modal parameters based only on the measurements of the dynamic
response. The OMA results were verified with impact hammer modal
testing and good agreement was obtained.
Abstract: The objective of this study is to investigate fire
behaviors, experimentally and numerically, in a scaled version of an
underground station. The effect of ventilation velocity on the fire is
examined. Fire experiments are simulated by burning 10 ml
isopropyl alcohol fuel in a fire pool with dimensions 5cm x 10cm x 4
mm at the center of 1/100 scaled underground station model. A
commercial CFD program FLUENT was used in numerical
simulations. For air flow simulations, k-ω SST turbulence model and
for combustion simulation, non-premixed combustion model are
used. This study showed that, the ventilation velocity is increased
from 1 m/s to 3 m/s the maximum temperature in the station is found
to be less for ventilation velocity of 1 m/s. The reason for these
experimental result lies on the relative dominance of oxygen supply
effect on cooling effect. Without piston effect, maximum temperature
occurs above the fuel pool. However, when the ventilation velocity
increased the flame was tilted in the direction of ventilation and the
location of maximum temperature moves along the flow direction.
The velocities measured experimentally in the station at different
locations are well matched by the CFD simulation results. The
prediction of general flow pattern is satisfactory with the smoke
visualization tests. The backlayering in velocity is well predicted by
CFD simulation. However, all over the station, the CFD simulations
predicted higher temperatures compared to experimental
measurements.
Abstract: Low temperature (LT) is one of the most abiotic
stresses causing loss of yield in wheat (T. aestivum). Four major
genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with the dominant alleles
designated Vrn–A1,Vrn–B1,Vrn–D1 and Vrn4, are known to have
large effects on the vernalization response, but the effects on cold
hardiness are ambiguous. Poor cold tolerance has restricted winter
wheat production in regions of high winter stress [9]. It was known
that nearly all wheat chromosomes [5] or at least 10 chromosomes of
21 chromosome pairs are important in winter hardiness [15]. The
objective of present study was to clarify the role of each chromosome
in cold tolerance. With this purpose we used 20 isogenic lines of
wheat. In each one of these isogenic lines only a chromosome from
‘Bezostaya’ variety (a winter habit cultivar) was substituted to
‘Capple desprez’ variety. The plant materials were planted in
controlled conditions with 20º C and 16 h day length in moderately
cold areas of Iran at Karaj Agricultural Research Station in 2006-07
and the acclimation period was completed for about 4 weeks in a
cold room with 4º C. The cold hardiness of these isogenic lines was
measured by LT50 (the temperature in which 50% of the plants are
killed by freezing stress).The experimental design was completely
randomized block design (RCBD)with three replicates. The results
showed that chromosome 5A had a major effect on freezing
tolerance, and then chromosomes 1A and 4A had less effect on this
trait. Further studies are essential to understanding the importance of
each chromosome in controlling cold hardiness in wheat.
Abstract: This research aimed to study correlation between
work satisfaction and organization core value of officers in
Waterworks Authority, Bangkean Branch. Sample group of the study
was 112 officers who worked in the Waterworks Authority,
Bangkean Branch. Questionnaires were employed as a research tools,
while, Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation, T-test, One-way
ANOVA, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation were claimed as
statistics used in this study. Researcher found that overall and
individual aspects of work satisfaction namely, work characteristic,
work progress, and colleagues significantly correlated with
organization core value in aspect of perception in choice of work at
0.5, 0.01, and 0.01 respectively. Also, such aspects were compatible
with income at .05 which indicated the low level of correlation, mid
low correlation respectively at the same direction, same direction,
opposite direction, and same direction, correspondingly.
Abstract: The aims of this study were to compare the
differences of being good membership behavior among faculties and
staffs of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University with different sex, age,
income, education, marital status, and working period, and
investigate the relationships between organizational commitment and
being good membership behavior. The research methodology
employed a questionnaire as a quantitative method. The respondents
were 305 faculties and staffs of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University.
This research used Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation, t-test,
One-Way ANOVA Analysis of Variance, and Pearson’s Product
Moment Correlation Coefficient in data analysis. The results showed
that organizational commitment among faculties and staffs of Suan
Sunandha Rajabhat University was at a high level. In addition,
differences in sex, age, income, education, marital status, and
working period revealed differences in being good membership
behavior. The results also indicated that organizational commitment
was significantly related to being good membership behavior.
Abstract: In the normal operation conditions of a pico satellite,
conventional Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) gives sufficiently good
estimation results. However, if the measurements are not reliable
because of any kind of malfunction in the estimation system, UKF
gives inaccurate results and diverges by time. This study, introduces
Robust Unscented Kalman Filter (RUKF) algorithms with the filter
gain correction for the case of measurement malfunctions. By the use
of defined variables named as measurement noise scale factor, the
faulty measurements are taken into the consideration with a small
weight and the estimations are corrected without affecting the
characteristic of the accurate ones. Two different RUKF algorithms,
one with single scale factor and one with multiple scale factors, are
proposed and applied for the attitude estimation process of a pico
satellite. The results of these algorithms are compared for different
types of measurement faults in different estimation scenarios and
recommendations about their applications are given.
Abstract: Bicycle usage for exercise, recreation, and commuting
to work in Australia shows that pedal cycling is the fourth most
popular activity with 10.6% increase in participants between 2001
and 2007. As with other means of transport, accident and injury
becomes common although mandatory bicycle helmet wearing has
been introduced. The research aims to develop a face surrogate made
of sandwich of rigid foam and rubber sheets to represent human
facial bone under blunt impact. The facial surrogate will serve as an
important test device for further development of facial-impact
protection for cyclist. A test procedure was developed to simulate the
energy of impact and record data to evaluate the effect of impact on
facial bones. Drop tests were performed to establish a suitable
combination of materials. It was found that the sandwich structure of
rigid extruded-polystyrene foam (density of 40 kg/m3 with a pattern
of 6-mm-holes), Neoprene rubber sponge, and Abrasaflex rubber
backing, had impact characteristics comparable to that of human
facial bone. In particular, the foam thickness of 30 mm and 25 mm
was found suitable to represent human zygoma (cheekbone) and
maxilla (upper-jaw bone), respectively.
Abstract: In this paper we analyze the application of a formal proof system to the discrete logarithm problem used in publickey cryptography. That means, we explore a computer verification of the ElGamal encryption scheme with the formal proof system Isabelle/HOL. More precisely, the functional correctness of this algorithm is formally verified with computer support. Besides, we present a formalization of the DSA signature scheme in the Isabelle/HOL system. We show that this scheme is correct what is a necessary condition for the usefulness of any cryptographic signature scheme.
Abstract: In China, with the rapid urbanization and
industrialization, and highly accelerated economic development have
resulted in degradation of water resource. The water quality
deterioration usual result from eutrophication in most cases, so how to
dispose this type pollution water higher efficiently is an urgent task.
Hower, different with traditional technology, constructed wetlands are
effective treatment systems that can be very useful because they are
simple technology and low operational cost. A pilot-scale treatment
including constructed wetlands was constructed at XingYun Lake,
Yuxi, China, and operated as primary treatment measure before
eutrophic-lake water draining to riverine landscape. Water quality
indices were determined during the experiment, the results indicated
that treatment removal efficiencies were high for Nitrate nitrogen,
Chlorophyll–a and Algae, the final removal efficiency reached to
95.20%, 93.33% and 99.87% respectively, but the removal efficiency
of Total phosphorous and Total nitrogen only reach to 68.83% and
50.00% respectively.
Abstract: The problem addressed herein is the efficient management of the Grid/Cluster intense computation involved, when the preconditioned Bi-CGSTAB Krylov method is employed for the iterative solution of the large and sparse linear system arising from the discretization of the Modified Helmholtz-Dirichlet problem by the Hermite Collocation method. Taking advantage of the Collocation ma-trix's red-black ordered structure we organize efficiently the whole computation and map it on a pipeline architecture with master-slave communication. Implementation, through MPI programming tools, is realized on a SUN V240 cluster, inter-connected through a 100Mbps and 1Gbps ethernet network,and its performance is presented by speedup measurements included.
Abstract: Self-organizing map (SOM) is a well known data
reduction technique used in data mining. It can reveal structure in
data sets through data visualization that is otherwise hard to detect
from raw data alone. However, interpretation through visual
inspection is prone to errors and can be very tedious. There are
several techniques for the automatic detection of clusters of code
vectors found by SOM, but they generally do not take into account
the distribution of code vectors; this may lead to unsatisfactory
clustering and poor definition of cluster boundaries, particularly
where the density of data points is low. In this paper, we propose the
use of an adaptive heuristic particle swarm optimization (PSO)
algorithm for finding cluster boundaries directly from the code
vectors obtained from SOM. The application of our method to
several standard data sets demonstrates its feasibility. PSO algorithm
utilizes a so-called U-matrix of SOM to determine cluster boundaries;
the results of this novel automatic method compare very favorably to
boundary detection through traditional algorithms namely k-means
and hierarchical based approach which are normally used to interpret
the output of SOM.
Abstract: Recent quasi-experimental evaluation of the Canadian Active Labour Market Policies (ALMP) by Human Resources and Skills Development Canada (HRSDC) has provided an opportunity to examine alternative methods to estimating the incremental effects of Employment Benefits and Support Measures (EBSMs) on program participants. The focus of this paper is to assess the efficiency and robustness of inverse probability weighting (IPW) relative to kernel matching (KM) in the estimation of program effects. To accomplish this objective, the authors compare pairs of 1,080 estimates, along with their associated standard errors, to assess which type of estimate is generally more efficient and robust. In the interest of practicality, the authorsalso document the computationaltime it took to produce the IPW and KM estimates, respectively.
Abstract: R&D risk management has been suggested as one of
the management approaches for accomplishing the goals of public
R&D investment. The investment in basic science and core technology
development is the essential roles of government for securing the
social base needed for continuous economic growth. And, it is also an
important role of the science and technology policy sectors to generate
a positive environment in which the outcomes of public R&D can be
diffused in a stable fashion by controlling the uncertainties and risk
factors in advance that may arise during the application of such
achievements to society and industry. Various policies have already
been implemented to manage uncertainties and variables that may
have negative impact on accomplishing public R& investment goals.
But we may derive new policy measures for complementing the
existing policies and for exploring progress direction by analyzing
them in a policy package from the viewpoint of R&D risk
management.
Abstract: Text Mining is around applying knowledge discovery techniques to unstructured text is termed knowledge discovery in text (KDT), or Text data mining or Text Mining. In Neural Network that address classification problems, training set, testing set, learning rate are considered as key tasks. That is collection of input/output patterns that are used to train the network and used to assess the network performance, set the rate of adjustments. This paper describes a proposed back propagation neural net classifier that performs cross validation for original Neural Network. In order to reduce the optimization of classification accuracy, training time. The feasibility the benefits of the proposed approach are demonstrated by means of five data sets like contact-lenses, cpu, weather symbolic, Weather, labor-nega-data. It is shown that , compared to exiting neural network, the training time is reduced by more than 10 times faster when the dataset is larger than CPU or the network has many hidden units while accuracy ('percent correct') was the same for all datasets but contact-lences, which is the only one with missing attributes. For contact-lences the accuracy with Proposed Neural Network was in average around 0.3 % less than with the original Neural Network. This algorithm is independent of specify data sets so that many ideas and solutions can be transferred to other classifier paradigms.
Abstract: The present paper develops and validates a numerical procedure for the calculation of turbulent combustive flow in converging and diverging ducts and throuh simulation of the heat transfer processes, the amount of production and spread of Nox pollutant has been measured. A marching integration solution procedure employing the TDMA is used to solve the discretized equations. The turbulence model is the Prandtl Mixing Length method. Modeling the combustion process is done by the use of Arrhenius and Eddy Dissipation method. Thermal mechanism has been utilized for modeling the process of forming the nitrogen oxides. Finite difference method and Genmix numerical code are used for numerical solution of equations. Our results indicate the important influence of the limiting diverging angle of diffuser on the coefficient of recovering of pressure. Moreover, due to the intense dependence of Nox pollutant to the maximum temperature in the domain with this feature, the Nox pollutant amount is also in maximum level.
Abstract: This paper presents comparative emission study of
newly introduced gasoline/LPG bifuel automotive engine in Indian
market. Emissions were tested as per LPG-Bharat stage III driving
cycle. Emission tests were carried out for urban cycle and extra urban
cycle. Total time for urban and extra urban cycle was 1180 sec.
Engine was run in LPG mode by using conversion system. Emissions
were tested as per standard procedure and were compared. Corrected
emissions were computed by deducting ambient reading from sample
reading. Paper describes detail emission test procedure and results
obtained. CO emissions were in the range of38.9 to 111.3 ppm. HC
emissions were in the range of 18.2 to 62.6 ppm. Nox emissions were
08 to 3.9 ppm and CO2 emissions were from 6719.2 to 8051 ppm.
Paper throws light on emission results of LPG vehicles recently
introduced in Indian automobile market. Objectives of this
experimental study were to measure emissions of engines in gasoline
& LPG mode and compare them.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was primarily assessing how important economic factors namely: The Thai export price of white rice, the exchange rate, and the world rice consumption affect the overall Thai white rice export, using historical data during the period 1989-2013 from the Thai Rice Exporters Association, and Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. The co-integration method, regression analysis, and error correction model were applied to investigate the econometric model. The findings indicated that in the long-run, the world rice consumption, the exchange rate, and the Thai export price of white rice were the important factors affecting the export quantity of Thai white rice respectively, as indicated by their significant coefficients. Meanwhile, the rice export price was an important factor affecting the export quantity of Thai white rice in the short-run. This information is useful in the business, export opportunities, price competitiveness, and policymaker in Thailand.
Abstract: We provide a supervised speech-independent voice recognition technique in this paper. In the feature extraction stage we propose a mel-cepstral based approach. Our feature vector classification method uses a special nonlinear metric, derived from the Hausdorff distance for sets, and a minimum mean distance classifier.