Abstract: The aim of this paper to characterize a larger set of
wavelet functions for implementation in a still image compression
system using SPIHT algorithm. This paper discusses important
features of wavelet functions and filters used in sub band coding to
convert image into wavelet coefficients in MATLAB. Image quality
is measured objectively using peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and
its variation with bit rate (bpp). The effect of different parameters is
studied on different wavelet functions. Our results provide a good
reference for application designers of wavelet based coder.
Abstract: Within the domain of Systems Engineering the need
to perform property aggregation to understand, analyze and manage
complex systems is unequivocal. This can be seen in numerous
domains such as capability analysis, Mission Essential Competencies
(MEC) and Critical Design Features (CDF). Furthermore, the need
to consider uncertainty propagation as well as the sensitivity of
related properties within such analysis is equally as important when
determining a set of critical properties within such a system.
This paper describes this property breakdown in a number of
domains within Systems Engineering and, within the area of CDFs,
emphasizes the importance of uncertainty analysis. As part of this, a
section of the paper describes possible techniques which may be used
within uncertainty propagation and in conclusion an example is
described utilizing one of the techniques for property and uncertainty
aggregation within an aircraft system to aid the determination of
Critical Design Features.
Abstract: A diamond-like carbon (DLC) based solid-lubricant
film was designed and DLC films were successfully prepared using a
microwave plasma enhanced magnetron sputtering deposition
technology. Post-test characterizations including Raman
spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, nano-indentation test, adhesion test,
friction coefficient test were performed to study the influence of
substrate bias voltage on the mechanical properties of the W- and
S-doped DLC films. The results indicated that the W- and S-doped
DLC films also had the typical structure of DLC films and a better
mechanical performance achieved by the application of a substrate
bias of -200V.
Abstract: Optimization of filter banks based on the knowledge of input statistics has been of interest for a long time. Finite impulse response (FIR) Compaction filters are used in the design of optimal signal adapted orthonormal FIR filter banks. In this paper we discuss three different approaches for the design of interpolated finite impulse response (IFIR) compaction filters. In the first method, the magnitude squared response satisfies Nyquist constraint approximately. In the second and third methods Nyquist constraint is exactly satisfied. These methods yield FIR compaction filters whose response is comparable with that of the existing methods. At the same time, IFIR filters enjoy significant saving in the number of multipliers and can be implemented efficiently. Since eigenfilter approach is used here, the method is less complex. Design of IFIR filters in the least square sense is presented.
Abstract: An innovative tri-axes micro-power receiver is
proposed. The tri-axes micro-power receiver consists of two sets 3-D
micro-solenoids and one set planar micro-coils in which iron core is
embedded. The three sets of micro-coils are designed to be orthogonal
to each other. Therefore, no matter which direction the flux is present
along, the magnetic energy can be harvested and transformed into
electric power. Not only dead space of receiving power is mostly
reduced, but also transformation efficiency of electromagnetic energy
to electric power can be efficiently raised. By employing commercial
software, Ansoft Maxwell, the preliminary simulation results verify
that the proposed micro-power receiver can efficiently pick up the
energy transmitted by magnetic power source.
As to the fabrication process, the isotropic etching technique is
employed to micro-machine the inverse-trapezoid fillister so that the
copper wire can be successfully electroplated. The adhesion between
micro-coils and fillister is much enhanced.
Abstract: In first stage of each microwave receiver there is Low
Noise Amplifier (LNA) circuit, and this stage has important rule in
quality factor of the receiver. The design of a LNA in Radio
Frequency (RF) circuit requires the trade-off many importance
characteristics such as gain, Noise Figure (NF), stability, power
consumption and complexity. This situation Forces desingners to
make choices in the desing of RF circuits. In this paper the aim is to
design and simulate a single stage LNA circuit with high gain and
low noise using MESFET for frequency range of 5 GHz to 6 GHz.
The desing simulation process is down using Advance Design
System (ADS). A single stage LNA has successfully designed with
15.83 dB forward gain and 1.26 dB noise figure in frequency of 5.3
GHz. Also the designed LNA should be working stably In a
frequency range of 5 GHz to 6 GHz.
Abstract: This paper presents three models which enable the
customisation of Universal Description, Discovery and Integration
(UDDI) query results, based on some pre-defined and/or real-time
changing parameters. These proposed models detail the requirements,
design and techniques which make ranking of Web service discovery
results from a service registry possible. Our contribution is two fold:
First, we present an extension to the UDDI inquiry capabilities. This
enables a private UDDI registry owner to customise or rank the query
results, based on its business requirements. Second, our proposal
utilises existing technologies and standards which require minimal
changes to existing UDDI interfaces or its data structures. We believe
these models will serve as valuable reference for enhancing the
service discovery methods within a private UDDI registry
environment.
Abstract: Abstract— The paper presents a preliminary study on modeling and estimation of basic wind speed ( extreme wind gusts ) for the consideration of vulnerability and design of building in Ayeyarwady Region. The establishment of appropriate design wind speeds is a critical step towards the calculation of design wind loads for structures. In this paper the extreme value analysis of this prediction work is based on the anemometer data (1970-2009) maintained by the department of meteorology and hydrology of Pathein. Statistical and probabilistic approaches are used to derive formulas for estimating 3-second gusts from recorded data (10-minute sustained mean wind speeds).
Abstract: Polynomial bases and normal bases are both used for
elliptic curve cryptosystems, but field arithmetic operations such as
multiplication, inversion and doubling for each basis are implemented
by different methods. In general, it is said that normal bases, especially
optimal normal bases (ONB) which are special cases on normal bases,
are efficient for the implementation in hardware in comparison with
polynomial bases. However there seems to be more examined by
implementing and analyzing these systems under similar condition. In
this paper, we designed field arithmetic operators for each basis over
GF(2233), which field has a polynomial basis recommended by SEC2
and a type-II ONB both, and analyzed these implementation results.
And, in addition, we predicted the efficiency of two elliptic curve
cryptosystems using these field arithmetic operators.
Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to determine the
isolated effect of silica fume on tensile, compressive and flexure strengths on high strength lightweight concrete. Many experiments
were carried out by replacing cement with different percentages of silica fume at different constant water-binder ratio keeping other mix
design variables constant. The silica fume was replaced by 0%, 5%,
10%, 15%, 20% and 25% for a water-binder ratios ranging from 0.26
to 0.42. For all mixes, split tensile, compressive and flexure strengths
were determined at 28 days. The results showed that the tensile, compressive and flexure strengths increased with silica fume incorporation but the optimum replacement percentage is not
constant because it depends on the water–cementitious material (w/cm) ratio of the mix. Based on the results, a relationship between
split tensile, compressive and flexure strengths of silica fume concrete was developed using statistical methods.
Abstract: This study created new graphical icons and operating
functions in a CAD/CAM software system by analyzing icons in some
of the popular systems, such as AutoCAD, AlphaCAM, Mastercam
and the 1st edition of LiteCAM. These software systems all focused on
geometric design and editing, thus how to transmit messages
intuitively from icon itself to users is an important function of
graphical icons. The primary purpose of this study is to design
innovative icons and commands for new software.
This study employed the TRIZ method, an innovative design
method, to generate new concepts systematically. Through literature
review, it then investigated and analyzed the relationship between
TRIZ and idea development. Contradiction Matrix and 40 Principles
were used to develop an assisting tool suitable for icon design in
software development. We first gathered icon samples from the
selected CAD/CAM systems. Then grouped these icons by
meaningful functions, and compared useful and harmful properties.
Finally, we developed new icons for new software systems in order to
avoid intellectual property problem.
Abstract: Giving birth is a natural process and most women have to go through it. Gynecologist or Midwife usually uses the leg holder to position the cervix in the stitching process. In some part of rural areas in Indonesia, the labor process normally being done at homes by calling in a midwife or gynecologist. The facilities for this kind of labor process is not yet sufficient, as the use of leg holder supposedly on the obstetric bed. The reality is that it is impossible to bring in the obstetric bed to the patient-s house at the time they call for giving birth or the time when the stitching of the cervix need to be done. This research is redesigning the leg holder through Biomechanics and ergonomic approaches to obtain the optimal design which is suitable to the user of a developing country such as Indonesia.
Abstract: Apart from geometry, functionality is one of the most
significant hallmarks of a product. The functionality of a product can
be considered as the fundamental justification for a product
existence. Therefore a functional analysis including a complete and
reliable descriptor has a high potential to improve product
development process in various fields especially in knowledge-based
design. One of the important applications of the functional analysis
and indexing is in retrieval and design reuse concept. More than 75%
of design activity for a new product development contains reusing
earlier and existing design know-how. Thus, analysis and
categorization of product functions concluded by functional
indexing, influences directly in design optimization. This paper
elucidates and evaluates major classes for functional analysis by
discussing their major methods. Moreover it is finalized by
presenting a noble hybrid approach for functional analysis.
Abstract: The evolution of technology and construction techniques has enabled the upgrading of transport networks. In particular, the high-speed rail networks allow convoys to peak at above 300 km/h. These structures, however, often significantly impact the surrounding environment. Among the effects of greater importance are the ones provoked by the soundwave connected to train transit. The wave propagation affects the quality of life in areas surrounding the tracks, often for several hundred metres. There are substantial damages to properties (buildings and land), in terms of market depreciation. The present study, integrating expertise in acoustics, computering and evaluation fields, outlines a useful model to select project paths so as to minimize the noise impact and reduce the causes of possible litigation. It also facilitates the rational selection of initiatives to contain the environmental damage to the already existing railway tracks. The research is developed with reference to the Italian regulatory framework (usually more stringent than European and international standards) and refers to a case study concerning the high speed network in Italy.
Abstract: During more than a decade, many proposals and standards have been designed to deal with the mobility issues; however, there are still some serious limitations in basing solutions on them. In this paper we discuss the possibility of handling mobility at the application layer. We do this while revisiting the conventional implementation of the Two Phase Commit (2PC) protocol which is a fundamental asset of transactional technology for ensuring the consistent commitment of distributed transactions. The solution is based on an execution framework providing an efficient extension that is aware of the mobility and preserves the 2PC principle.
Abstract: In this article, we introduce a new approach for
analyzing UML designs to detect the inconsistencies between
multiple state diagrams and sequence diagrams. The Super State
Analysis (SSA) identifies the inconsistencies in super states, single
step transitions, and sequences. Because SSA considers multiple
UML state diagrams, it discovers inconsistencies that cannot be
discovered when considering only a single UML state diagram. We
have introduced a transition set that captures relationship information
that is not specifiable in UML diagrams. The SSA model uses the
transition set to link transitions of multiple state diagrams together.
The analysis generates three different sets automatically. These sets
are compared to the provided sets to detect the inconsistencies. SSA
identifies five types of inconsistencies: impossible super states,
unreachable super states, illegal transitions, missing transitions, and
illegal sequences.
Abstract: Natural frequencies and dynamic response of a spur
gear sector are investigated using a two dimensional finite element
model that offers significant advantages for dynamic gear analyses.
The gear teeth are analyzed for different operating speeds. A primary
feature of this modeling is determination of mesh forces using a
detailed contact analysis for each time step as the gears roll through
the mesh. Transient mode super position method has been used to
find horizontal and vertical components of displacement and
dynamic stress. The finite element analysis software ANSYS has
been used on the proposed model to find the natural frequencies by
Block Lanczos technique and displacements and dynamic stresses by
transient mode super position method. A comparison of theoretical
(natural frequency and static stress) results with the finite element
analysis results has also been done. The effect of rotational speed of
the gears on the dynamic response of gear tooth has been studied and
design limits have been discussed.
Abstract: A Web-based learning tool, the Learn IN Context
(LINC) system, designed and being used in some institution-s
courses in mixed-mode learning, is presented in this paper. This
mode combines face-to-face and distance approaches to education.
LINC can achieve both collaborative and competitive learning. In
order to provide both learners and tutors with a more natural way to
interact with e-learning applications, a conversational interface has
been included in LINC. Hence, the components and essential features
of LINC+, the voice enhanced version of LINC, are described. We
report evaluation experiments of LINC/LINC+ in a real use context
of a computer programming course taught at the Université de
Moncton (Canada). The findings show that when the learning
material is delivered in the form of a collaborative and voice-enabled
presentation, the majority of learners seem to be satisfied with this
new media, and confirm that it does not negatively affect their
cognitive load.
Abstract: Ultra-low-power (ULP) circuits have received
widespread attention due to the rapid growth of biomedical
applications and Battery-less Electronics. Subthreshold region of
transistor operation is used in ULP circuits. Major research challenge
in the subthreshold operating region is to extract the ULP benefits
with minimal degradation in speed and robustness. Process, Voltage
and Temperature (PVT) variations significantly affect the
performance of subthreshold circuits. Designed performance
parameters of ULP circuits may vary largely due to temperature
variations. Hence, this paper investigates the effect of temperature
variation on device and circuit performance parameters at different
biasing voltages in the subthreshold region. Simulation results clearly
demonstrate that in deep subthreshold and near threshold voltage
regions, performance parameters are significantly affected whereas in
moderate subthreshold region, subthreshold circuits are more
immune to temperature variations. This establishes that moderate
subthreshold region is ideal for temperature immune circuits.
Abstract: Academic digital libraries emerged as a result of advances in computing and information systems technologies, and had been introduced in universities and to public. As results, moving in parallel with current technology in learning and researching environment indeed offers myriad of advantages especially to students and academicians, as well as researchers. This is due to dramatic changes in learning environment through the use of digital library system which giving spectacular impact on these societies- way of performing their study/research. This paper presents a survey of current criteria for evaluating academic digital libraries- performance. The goal is to discuss criteria being applied so far for academic digital libraries evaluation in the context of user-centered design. Although this paper does not comprehensively take into account all previous researches in evaluating academic digital libraries but at least it can be a guide in understanding the evaluation criteria being widely applied.