Abstract: This paper features the mathematical modeling of a single input single output based Timoshenko smart beam. Further, this mathematical model is used to design a multirate output feedback based discrete sliding mode controller using Bartoszewicz law to suppress the flexural vibrations. The first 2 dominant vibratory modes is retained. Here, an application of the discrete sliding mode control in smart systems is presented. The algorithm uses a fast output sampling based sliding mode control strategy that would avoid the use of switching in the control input and hence avoids chattering. This method does not need the measurement of the system states for feedback as it makes use of only the output samples for designing the controller. Thus, this methodology is more practical and easy to implement.
Abstract: Explosions may cause intensive damage to buildings
and sometimes lead to total and progressive destruction. Pressures
induced by explosions are one of the most destructive loads a
structure may experience. While designing structures for great
explosions may be expensive and impractical, engineers are looking
for methods for preventing destructions resulted from explosions. A
favorable structural system is a system which does not disrupt totally
due to local explosion, since such structures sustain less loss in
comparison with structural ones which really bear the load and
suddenly disrupt. Designing and establishing vital and necessary
installations in a way that it is resistant against direct hit of bomb and
rocket is not practical, economical, or expedient in many cases,
because the cost of construction and installation with such
specifications is several times more than the total cost of the related
equipment.
Abstract: The success of an e-learning system is highly
dependent on the quality of its educational content and how effective,
complete, and simple the design tool can be for teachers. Educational
modeling languages (EMLs) are proposed as design languages
intended to teachers for modeling diverse teaching-learning
experiences, independently of the pedagogical approach and in
different contexts. However, most existing EMLs are criticized for
being too abstract and too complex to be understood and manipulated
by teachers. In this paper, we present a visual EML that simplifies the
process of designing learning scenarios for teachers with no
programming background. Based on the conceptual framework of the
activity theory, our resulting visual EML focuses on using Domainspecific
modeling techniques to provide a pedagogical level of
abstraction in the design process.
Abstract: In this paper, we present an experimental testing for
a new algorithm that determines an optimal controller-s coefficients
for output variance reduction related to Linear Time Invariant (LTI)
Systems. The algorithm features simplicity in calculation, generalization
to minimal and non-minimal phase systems, and could be
configured to achieve reference tracking as well as variance reduction
after compromising with the output variance. An experiment of DCmotor
velocity control demonstrates the application of this new
algorithm in designing the controller. The results show that the
controller achieves minimum variance and reference tracking for a
preset velocity reference relying on an identified model of the motor.
Abstract: One important problem in today organizations is the
existence of non-integrated information systems, inconsistency and
lack of suitable correlations between legacy and modern systems.
One main solution is to transfer the local databases into a global one.
In this regards we need to extract the data structures from the legacy
systems and integrate them with the new technology systems. In
legacy systems, huge amounts of a data are stored in legacy
databases. They require particular attention since they need more
efforts to be normalized, reformatted and moved to the modern
database environments. Designing the new integrated (global)
database architecture and applying the reverse engineering requires
data normalization. This paper proposes the use of database reverse
engineering in order to integrate legacy and modern databases in
organizations. The suggested approach consists of methods and
techniques for generating data transformation rules needed for the
data structure normalization.
Abstract: In designing of condensers, the prediction of pressure
drop is as important as the prediction of heat transfer coefficient.
Modeling of two phase flow, particularly liquid – vapor flow under
diabatic conditions inside a horizontal tube using CFD analysis is
difficult with the available two phase models in FLUENT due to
continuously changing flow patterns. In the present analysis, CFD
analysis of two phase flow of refrigerants inside a horizontal tube of
inner diameter, 0.0085 m and 1.2 m length is carried out using
homogeneous model under adiabatic conditions. The refrigerants
considered are R22, R134a and R407C. The analysis is performed at
different saturation temperatures and at different flow rates to
evaluate the local frictional pressure drop. Using Homogeneous
model, average properties are obtained for each of the refrigerants
that is considered as single phase pseudo fluid. The so obtained
pressure drop data is compared with the separated flow models
available in literature.
Abstract: Recently, wireless sensor networks have been paid
more interest, are widely used in a lot of commercial and military
applications, and may be deployed in critical scenarios (e.g. when a
malfunctioning network results in danger to human life or great
financial loss). Such networks must be protected against human
intrusion by using the secret keys to encrypt the exchange messages
between communicating nodes. Both the symmetric and asymmetric
methods have their own drawbacks for use in key management. Thus,
we avoid the weakness of these two cryptosystems and make use of
their advantages to establish a secure environment by developing the
new method for encryption depending on the idea of code
conversion. The code conversion-s equations are used as the key for
designing the proposed system based on the basics of logic gate-s
principals. Using our security architecture, we show how to reduce
significant attacks on wireless sensor networks.
Abstract: High precision in motion is required to manipulate the
micro objects in precision industries for micro assembly, cell
manipulation etc. Precision manipulation is achieved based on the
appropriate mechanism design of micro devices such as
microgrippers. Design of a compliant based mechanism is the better
option to achieve a highly precised and controlled motion. This
research article highlights the method of designing a compliant based
three fingered microgripper suitable for holding asymmetric objects.
Topological optimization technique, a systematic method is
implemented in this research work to arrive a topologically optimized
design of the mechanism needed to perform the required micro
motion of the gripper. Optimization technique has a drawback of
generating senseless regions such as node to node connectivity and
staircase effect at the boundaries. Hence, it is required to have post
processing of the design to make it manufacturable. To reduce the
effect of post processing stage and to preserve the edges of the image,
a cubic spline interpolation technique is introduced in the MATLAB
program. Structural performance of the topologically developed
mechanism design is tested using finite element method (FEM)
software. Further the microgripper structure is examined to find its
fatigue life and vibration characteristics.
Abstract: This work considered the thermodynamic feasibility
of scrubbing volatile organic compounds into biodiesel in view of
designing a gas treatment process with this absorbent. A detailed
vapour – liquid equilibrium investigation was performed using the
original UNIFAC group contribution method. The four biodiesels
studied in this work are methyl oleate, methyl palmitate, methyl
linolenate and ethyl stearate. The original UNIFAC procedure was
used to estimate the infinite dilution activity coefficients of 13
selected volatile organic compounds in the biodiesels. The
calculations were done at the VOC mole fraction of 9.213x10-8. Ethyl
stearate gave the most favourable phase equilibrium. A close
agreement was found between the infinite dilution activity coefficient
of toluene found in this work and those reported in literature.
Thermodynamic models can efficiently be used to calculate vast
amount of phase equilibrium behaviour using limited number of
experimental data.
Abstract: In general architecture means the art of creating the
space. Comprehensive and complete body which is created by a
creative and purposeful thought to respond the human needs.
Professionally, architecture is the are of designing and
comprehensive planning of physical spaces that is created for
human-s productivity. The purpose of architectural design is to
respond the human needs which is appeared in physical frame.
Human in response to his needs is always looking to achieve comfort.
Throughout history of human civilization this relative comfort has
been inspired by nature and assimilating the facility and natural
achievement in the format of artifact patterns base on the nature, so
that it is achieved in this comfort level and invention of these factors.
All physical factors like regional, social and economical factors are
made available to human in order to achieve a specific goal and are
made to gain an ideal architecture to respond the functional needs and
consider the aesthetics and elemental principles and pay attention to
residents- comfort. In this study the Persian architecture with
exploiting and transforming the energies into the requisite energies of
architecture spaces and importing fuel products, utilities, etc, in order
to achieve a relative comfort level will be investigated. In this paper
the study of structural and physical specialties of traditional houses in
desert regions and Central Plateau of Iran gave us this opportunity to
being more familiar with important specialties of energy productivity
in architecture body of traditional houses in these regions specially
traditional houses of Kashan and in order to use these principles to
create modern architectures in these regions.
Abstract: The objective of this paper was to designing a
ventilation system to enhance the performance of roof solar collector
(RSC) for reducing heat accumulation inside the house. The RSC has
1.8 m2 surface area made of CPAC monier roof tiles on the upper part
and gypsum board on the lower part. The space between CPAC
monier and gypsum board was fixed at 14 cm.
Ventilation system of modified roof solar collector (modified
RSC) consists of 9 tubes of 0.15m diameter and installed in the
lower part of RSC. Experimental result showed that the temperature
of the room, and attic temperature. The average temperature
reduction of room of house used modified RSC is about 2oC. and the
percentage of room temperature reduction varied between 0 to 10%.
Therefore, modified RSC is an interesting option in the sense that it
promotes solar energy and conserve energy.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the
environmental conservation behavior of the Applied Health Science
students of Suranaree University of Technology, a green and clean
university. The sample group was 184 Applied Health Science
students (medical, nursing, and public health). A questionnaire was
used to collect information.
The result of the study found that the students had more negative
than positive behaviors towards energy, water, and forest
conservation. This result can be used as basic information for
designing long-term behavior modification activities or research
projects on environmental conservation. Thus Applied Health
Science students will be encouraged to be conscious and also be a
good example of environmental conservation behavior.
Abstract: In ad hoc networks, the main issue about designing of protocols is quality of service, so that in wireless sensor networks the main constraint in designing protocols is limited energy of sensors. In fact, protocols which minimize the power consumption in sensors are more considered in wireless sensor networks. One approach of reducing energy consumption in wireless sensor networks is to reduce the number of packages that are transmitted in network. The technique of collecting data that combines related data and prevent transmission of additional packages in network can be effective in the reducing of transmitted packages- number. According to this fact that information processing consumes less power than information transmitting, Data Aggregation has great importance and because of this fact this technique is used in many protocols [5]. One of the Data Aggregation techniques is to use Data Aggregation tree. But finding one optimum Data Aggregation tree to collect data in networks with one sink is a NP-hard problem. In the Data Aggregation technique, related information packages are combined in intermediate nodes and form one package. So the number of packages which are transmitted in network reduces and therefore, less energy will be consumed that at last results in improvement of longevity of network. Heuristic methods are used in order to solve the NP-hard problem that one of these optimization methods is to solve Simulated Annealing problems. In this article, we will propose new method in order to build data collection tree in wireless sensor networks by using Simulated Annealing algorithm and we will evaluate its efficiency whit Genetic Algorithm.
Abstract: The performance and complexity of QoS routing depends on the complex interaction between a large set of parameters. This paper investigated the scaling properties of source-directed link-state routing in large core networks. The simulation results show that the routing algorithm, network topology, and link cost function each have a significant impact on the probability of successfully routing new connections. The experiments confirm and extend the findings of other studies, and also lend new insight designing efficient quality-of-service routing policies in large networks.
Abstract: Elliptic curve-based certificateless signature is slowly
gaining attention due to its ability to retain the efficiency of
identity-based signature to eliminate the need of certificate
management while it does not suffer from inherent private
key escrow problem. Generally, cryptosystem based on elliptic
curve offers equivalent security strength at smaller key sizes
compared to conventional cryptosystem such as RSA which
results in faster computations and efficient use of computing
power, bandwidth, and storage. This paper proposes to implement
certificateless signature based on bilinear pairing to
structure the framework of IKE authentication. In this paper,
we perform a comparative analysis of certificateless signature
scheme with a well-known RSA scheme and also present the
experimental results in the context of signing and verification
execution times. By generalizing our observations, we discuss the
different trade-offs involved in implementing IKE authentication
by using certificateless signature.
Abstract: In recent years Malaysia has included renewable
energy as an alternative fuel to help in diversifying the country-s
energy reliance on oil, natural gas, coal and hydropower with
biomass and solar energy gaining priority. The scope of this paper is
to look at the designing procedures and analysis of a solar thermal
parabolic trough concentrator by simulation utilizing meteorological
data in several parts of Malaysia. Parameters which include the
aperture area, the diameter of the receiver and the working fluid may
be varied to optimize the design. Aperture area is determined by
considering the width and the length of the concentrator whereas the
geometric concentration ratio (CR) is obtained by considering the
width and diameter of the receiver. Three types of working fluid are
investigated. Theoretically, concentration ratios can be very high in
the range of 10 to 40 000 depending on the optical elements used and
continuous tracking of the sun. However, a thorough analysis is
essential as discussed in this paper where optical precision and
thermal analysis must be carried out to evaluate the performance of
the parabolic trough concentrator as the theoretical CR is not the only
factor that should be considered.
Abstract: To understand complex living system an effort has
made by mechanical engineers and dentists to deliver prompt
products and services to patients concerned about their aesthetic look.
Since two decades various bracket systems have designed involving
techniques like milling, injection molding which are technically not
flexible for the customized dental product development. The aim of
this paper to design, develop a customized system which is
economical and mainly emphasizes the expertise design and
integration of engineering and dental fields. A custom made selfadjustable
lingual bracket and customized implants are designed and
developed using computer aided design (CAD) and rapid prototyping
technology (RPT) to improve the smiles and to overcome the
difficulties associated with conventional ones. Lengthy orthodontic
treatment usually not accepted by the patients because the patient
compliance is lost. Patient-s compliance can be improved by
facilitating faster tooth movements by designing a localized dental
vibrator using advanced engineering principles.
Abstract: This paper presents the results of the authors in designing, experimenting, assessing and transferring an innovative approach to energy education in secondary schools, aimed to enhance the quality of learning in terms of didactic curricula and pedagogic methods. The training is online delivered to youngsters via e-Books and portals specially designed for this purpose or by learning by doing via interactive games. An online educational methodology is available teachers.
Abstract: Using spatial models as a shared common basis of
information about the environment for different kinds of contextaware
systems has been a heavily researched topic in the last years.
Thereby the research focused on how to create, to update, and to
merge spatial models so as to enable highly dynamic, consistent and
coherent spatial models at large scale. In this paper however, we
want to concentrate on how context-aware applications could use this
information so as to adapt their behavior according to the situation
they are in. The main idea is to provide the spatial model
infrastructure with a situation recognition component based on
generic situation templates. A situation template is – as part of a
much larger situation template library – an abstract, machinereadable
description of a certain basic situation type, which could be
used by different applications to evaluate their situation. In this
paper, different theoretical and practical issues – technical, ethical
and philosophical ones – are discussed important for understanding
and developing situation dependent systems based on situation
templates. A basic system design is presented which allows for the
reasoning with uncertain data using an improved version of a
learning algorithm for the automatic adaption of situation templates.
Finally, for supporting the development of adaptive applications, we
present a new situation-aware adaptation concept based on
workflows.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a robust face relighting
technique by using spherical space properties. The proposed method
is done for reducing the illumination effects on face recognition.
Given a single 2D face image, we relight the face object by
extracting the nine spherical harmonic bases and the face spherical
illumination coefficients. First, an internal training illumination
database is generated by computing face albedo and face normal
from 2D images under different lighting conditions. Based on the
generated database, we analyze the target face pixels and compare
them with the training bootstrap by using pre-generated tiles. In this
work, practical real time processing speed and small image size were
considered when designing the framework. In contrast to other works,
our technique requires no 3D face models for the training process
and takes a single 2D image as an input. Experimental results on
publicly available databases show that the proposed technique works
well under severe lighting conditions with significant improvements
on the face recognition rates.