Abstract: This paper deals with under actuator dynamic systems such as spring-mass-damper system when the number of control variable is less than the number of state variable. In order to apply optimal control, the controllability must be checked. There are many objective functions to be selected as the goal of the optimal control such as minimum energy, maximum energy and minimum jerk. As the objective function is the first priority, if one like to have the second goal to be applied; however, it could not fit in the objective function format and also avoiding the vector cost for the objective, this paper will illustrate the problem of under actuator dynamic systems with the easiest to deal with comparing between minimum energy and minimum jerk.
Abstract: A universal current-mode biquad is described which
represents an economical variant of well-known KHN (Kerwin,
Huelsman, Newcomb) voltage-mode filter. The circuit consists of
two multiple-output OTAs and of two grounded capacitors. Utilizing
simple splitter of the input current and a pair of jumpers, all the basic
2nd-order transfer functions can be implemented. The principle is
verified by Spice simulation on the level of a CMOS structure of
OTAs.
Abstract: With the increasing number of on-chip components and the critical requirement for processing power, Chip Multiprocessor (CMP) has gained wide acceptance in both academia and industry during the last decade. However, the conventional bus-based onchip communication schemes suffer from very high communication delay and low scalability in large scale systems. Network-on-Chip (NoC) has been proposed to solve the bottleneck of parallel onchip communications by applying different network topologies which separate the communication phase from the computation phase. Observing that the memory bandwidth of the communication between on-chip components and off-chip memory has become a critical problem even in NoC based systems, in this paper, we propose a novel 3D NoC with on-chip Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) in which different layers are dedicated to different functionalities such as processors, cache or memory. Results show that, by using our proposed architecture, average link utilization has reduced by 10.25% for SPLASH-2 workloads. Our proposed design costs 1.12% less execution cycles than the traditional design on average.
Abstract: The system is made with main distributed components:
First Level: Industrial Computers placed in Control Room (monitors thermal and electrical processes based on the data provided by the second level); Second Level: PLCs which collects data from process and transmits information on the first level; also takes commands from this level which are further, passed to execution elements from third
level; Third Level: field elements consisting in 3 categories: data collecting elements; data transfer elements from the third level to the second; execution elements which take commands from the second
level PLCs and executes them after which transmits the confirmation of execution to them. The purpose of the automatic functioning is the optimization of the co-generative electrical energy commissioning in the national
energy system and the commissioning of thermal energy to the consumers.
The integrated system treats the functioning of all the equipments and devices as a whole: Gas Turbine Units (GTU); MT 20kV Medium Voltage Station (MVS); 0,4 kV Low Voltage Station (LVS); Main Hot Water Boilers (MHW); Auxiliary Hot Water Boilers (AHW); Gas Compressor Unit (GCU); Thermal Agent Circulation
Pumping Unit (TPU); Water Treating Station (WTS).
Abstract: Direction of Arrival estimation refers to defining a mathematical function called a pseudospectrum that gives an indication of the angle a signal is impinging on the antenna array. This estimation is an efficient method of improving the quality of service in a communication system by focusing the reception and transmission only in the estimated direction thereby increasing fidelity with a provision to suppress interferers. This improvement is largely dependent on the performance of the algorithm employed in the estimation. Many DOA algorithms exists amongst which are MUSIC, Root-MUSIC and ESPRIT. In this paper, performance of these three algorithms is analyzed in terms of complexity, accuracy as assessed and characterized by the CRLB and memory requirements in various environments and array sizes. It is found that the three algorithms are high resolution and dependent on the operating environment and the array size.
Abstract: Although Model Driven Architecture has taken
successful steps toward model-based software development, this
approach still faces complex situations and ambiguous questions
while applying to real world software systems. One of these
questions - which has taken the most interest and focus - is how
model transforms between different abstraction levels, MDA
proposes. In this paper, we propose an approach based on Story
Driven Modeling and Aspect Oriented Programming to ease these
transformations. Service Oriented Architecture is taken as the target
model to test the proposed mechanism in a functional system.
Service Oriented Architecture and Model Driven Architecture [1]
are both considered as the frontiers of their own domain in the
software world. Following components - which was the greatest step
after object oriented - SOA is introduced, focusing on more
integrated and automated software solutions. On the other hand - and
from the designers' point of view - MDA is just initiating another
evolution. MDA is considered as the next big step after UML in
designing domain.
Abstract: Reactiondiffusion systems are mathematical models that describe how the concentration of one or more substances distributed in space changes under the influence of local chemical reactions in which the substances are converted into each other, and diffusion which causes the substances to spread out in space. The classical representation of a reaction-diffusion system is given by semi-linear parabolic partial differential equations, whose general form is ÔêétX(x, t) = DΔX(x, t), where X(x, t) is the state vector, D is the matrix of the diffusion coefficients and Δ is the Laplace operator. If the solute move in an homogeneous system in thermal equilibrium, the diffusion coefficients are constants that do not depend on the local concentration of solvent and of solutes and on local temperature of the medium. In this paper a new stochastic reaction-diffusion model in which the diffusion coefficients are function of the local concentration, viscosity and frictional forces of solvent and solute is presented. Such a model provides a more realistic description of the molecular kinetics in non-homogenoeus and highly structured media as the intra- and inter-cellular spaces. The movement of a molecule A from a region i to a region j of the space is described as a first order reaction Ai k- → Aj , where the rate constant k depends on the diffusion coefficient. Representing the diffusional motion as a chemical reaction allows to assimilate a reaction-diffusion system to a pure reaction system and to simulate it with Gillespie-inspired stochastic simulation algorithms. The stochastic time evolution of the system is given by the occurrence of diffusion events and chemical reaction events. At each time step an event (reaction or diffusion) is selected from a probability distribution of waiting times determined by the specific speed of reaction and diffusion events. Redi is the software tool, developed to implement the model of reaction-diffusion kinetics and dynamics. It is a free software, that can be downloaded from http://www.cosbi.eu. To demonstrate the validity of the new reaction-diffusion model, the simulation results of the chaperone-assisted protein folding in cytoplasm obtained with Redi are reported. This case study is redrawing the attention of the scientific community due to current interests on protein aggregation as a potential cause for neurodegenerative diseases.
Abstract: As the disfunctions of the information society and
social development progress, intrusion problems such as malicious
replies, spam mail, private information leakage, phishing, and
pharming, and side effects such as the spread of unwholesome
information and privacy invasion are becoming serious social
problems. Illegal access to information is also becoming a problem as
the exchange and sharing of information increases on the basis of the
extension of the communication network. On the other hand, as the
communication network has been constructed as an international,
global system, the legal response against invasion and cyber-attack
from abroad is facing its limit. In addition, in an environment where
the important infrastructures are managed and controlled on the basis
of the information communication network, such problems pose a
threat to national security. Countermeasures to such threats are
developed and implemented on a yearly basis to protect the major
infrastructures of information communication. As a part of such
measures, we have developed a methodology for assessing the
information protection level which can be used to establish the
quantitative object setting method required for the improvement of the
information protection level.
Abstract: In most of the popular implementation of Parallel GAs
the whole population is divided into a set of subpopulations, each
subpopulation executes GA independently and some individuals are
migrated at fixed intervals on a ring topology. In these studies,
the migrations usually occur 'synchronously' among subpopulations.
Therefore, CPUs are not used efficiently and the communication
do not occur efficiently either. A few studies tried asynchronous
migration but it is hard to implement and setting proper parameter
values is difficult.
The aim of our research is to develop a migration method which is
easy to implement, which is easy to set parameter values, and which
reduces communication traffic. In this paper, we propose a traffic
reduction method for the Asynchronous Parallel Distributed GA by
migration of elites only. This is a Server-Client model. Every client
executes GA on a subpopulation and sends an elite information to the
server. The server manages the elite information of each client and
the migrations occur according to the evolution of sub-population in
a client. This facilitates the reduction in communication traffic.
To evaluate our proposed model, we apply it to many function optimization
problems. We confirm that our proposed method performs
as well as current methods, the communication traffic is less, and
setting of the parameters are much easier.
Abstract: The primary objective of the paper is to propose a new method for solving assignment problem under uncertain situation. In the classical assignment problem (AP), zpqdenotes the cost for assigning the qth job to the pth person which is deterministic in nature. Here in some uncertain situation, we have assigned a cost in the form of composite relative degree Fpq instead of and this replaced cost is in the maximization form. In this paper, it has been solved and validated by the two proposed algorithms, a new mathematical formulation of IVIF assignment problem has been presented where the cost has been considered to be an IVIFN and the membership of elements in the set can be explained by positive and negative evidences. To determine the composite relative degree of similarity of IVIFS the concept of similarity measure and the score function is used for validating the solution which is obtained by Composite relative similarity degree method. Further, hypothetical numeric illusion is conducted to clarify the method’s effectiveness and feasibility developed in the study. Finally, conclusion and suggestion for future work are also proposed.
Abstract: Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) are an emerging
technology for last-mile broadband access. In WMNs, similar to ad
hoc networks, each user node operates not only as a host but also as a
router. User packets are forwarded to and from an Internet-connected
gateway in multi-hop fashion. The WMNs can be integrated with
other networking technologies i.e. ad hoc networks, to implement a
smooth network extension. The meshed topology provides good
reliability and scalability, as well as low upfront investments. Despite
the recent start-up surge in WMNs, much research remains to be
done in standardizing the functional parameters of WMNs to fully
exploit their full potential. An edifice of the security concerns of
these networks is authentication of a new client joining an integrated
ad hoc network and such a scenario will require execution of a multihop
authentication technique. Our endeavor in this paper is to
introduce a secure authentication technique, with light over-heads
that can be conveniently implemented for the ad-hoc nodes forming
clients of an integrated WMN, thus facilitating their inter-operability.
Abstract: The design of a steam turbine is a very complex
engineering operation that can be simplified and improved thanks to
computer-aided multi-objective optimization. This process makes use
of existing optimization algorithms and losses correlations to identify
those geometries that deliver the best balance of performance (i.e.
Pareto-optimal points).
This paper deals with a one-dimensional multi-objective and
multi-point optimization of a single-stage steam turbine. Using a
genetic optimization algorithm and an algebraic one-dimensional
ideal gas-path model based on loss and deviation correlations, a code
capable of performing the optimization of a predefined steam turbine
stage was developed. More specifically, during this study the
parameters modified (i.e. decision variables) to identify the best
performing geometries were solidity and angles both for stator and
rotor cascades, while the objective functions to maximize were totalto-
static efficiency and specific work done.
Finally, an accurate analysis of the obtained results was carried
out.
Abstract: This paper presents an application of the improved
QFD method for determining the specifications of kitchen utensils
rack. By using the improved method, the subjective nature in original
QFD was reduced; particularly in defining the relationship between
customer requirement and engineering characteristics. The regression
analysis that was used for obtaining the relationship functions
between customer requirement and engineering characteristics also
accommodated the inaccurateness of the competitive assessment
results. The improved method which is represented in the form of a
mathematical model had become a formal guidance to allocate the
resource for improving the specifications of kitchen utensils rack.
The specifications obtained had led to the achievement of the highest
feasible customer satisfaction.
Abstract: The present study is concerned with the absorption
center of photophoresis within a micro-sized and spheroidal particle in
a gaseous medium. A particle subjected to an intense light beam can
absorb electromagnetic energy within the particle unevenly, which
results in photophoretic force to drive the particle in motion. By
evaluating the energy distribution systematically at various conditions,
the study focuses on the effects of governing parameters, such as
particle aspect ratio, size parameter, refractivity, and absorptivity, on
the heat source function within the particle and their potential
influences to the photophoresis.
Abstract: In the given article the creative arts is being
investigated in the modern era and from the aspect of the artistic
interrelationship, having created by the character of his personality
and as the viewer. A study in the identity formation terms, the
definition of its being unique, unity and similarity as a global issue of
the XXI century has been conducted by the analyzing the definitions
which characterize the human nature in the arts. Spiritual universality
and human existence have been considered in the art system as a
human who is a creator, as the man hero and as the character who is
the recipient as well as the analyses which have been conducted
along with the worldwide cultural and historical processes.
Abstract: This paper considers the problem of scheduling maintenance actions for identical aircraft gas turbine engines. Each one of the turbines consists of parts which frequently require replacement. A finite inventory of spare parts is available and all parts are ready for replacement at any time. The inventory consists of both new and refurbished parts. Hence, these parts have different field lives. The goal is to find a replacement part sequencing that maximizes the time that the aircraft will keep functioning before the inventory is replenished. The problem is formulated as an identical parallel machine scheduling problem where the minimum completion time has to be maximized. Two models have been developed. The first one is an optimization model which is based on a 0-1 linear programming formulation, while the second one is an approximate procedure which consists in decomposing the problem into several two-machine subproblems. Each subproblem is optimally solved using the first model. Both models have been implemented using Lingo and have been tested on two sets of randomly generated data with up to 150 parts and 10 turbines. Experimental results show that the optimization model is able to solve only instances with no more than 4 turbines, while the decomposition procedure often provides near-optimal solutions within a maximum CPU time of 3 seconds.
Abstract: This paper concerns a formal model to help the
simulation of agent societies where institutional roles and
institutional links can be specified operationally. That is, this paper
concerns institutional roles that can be specified in terms of a minimal behavioral capability that an agent should have in order to
enact that role and, thus, to perform the set of institutional functions that role is responsible for. Correspondingly, the paper concerns
institutional links that can be specified in terms of a minimal
interactional capability that two agents should have in order to, while
enacting the two institutional roles that are linked by that institutional
link, perform for each other the institutional functions supported by
that institutional link. The paper proposes a cognitive architecture
approach to institutional roles and institutional links, that is, an approach in which a institutional role is seen as an abstract cognitive
architecture that should be implemented by any concrete agent (or set of concrete agents) that enacts the institutional role, and in which
institutional links are seen as interactions between the two abstract
cognitive agents that model the two linked institutional roles. We
introduce a cognitive architecture for such purpose, called the
Institutional BCC (IBCC) model, which lifts Yoav Shoham-s BCC
(Beliefs-Capabilities-Commitments) agent architecture to social
contexts. We show how the resulting model can be taken as a means
for a cognitive architecture account of institutional roles and
institutional links of agent societies. Finally, we present an example
of a generic scheme for certain fragments of the social organization
of agent societies, where institutional roles and institutional links are
given in terms of the model.
Abstract: In this paper, various algorithms for designing quadrature mirror filter are reviewed and a new algorithm is presented for the design of near perfect reconstruction quadrature mirror filter bank. In the proposed algorithm, objective function is formulated using the perfect reconstruction condition or magnitude response condition of prototype filter at frequency (ω = 0.5π) in ideal condition. The cutoff frequency is iteratively changed to adjust the filters coefficients using optimization algorithm. The performances of the proposed algorithm are evaluated in term of computation time, reconstruction error and number of iterations. The design examples illustrate that the proposed algorithm is superior in term of peak reconstruction error, computation time, and number of iterations. The proposed algorithm is simple, easy to implement, and linear in nature.
Abstract: A systematic way to derive the conserved quantities for the axisymmetric liquid jet, free jet and wall jet using conservation laws is presented. The flow in axisymmetric jets is governed by Prandtl-s momentum boundary layer equation and the continuity equation. The multiplier approach is used to construct a basis of conserved vectors for the system of two partial differential equations for the two velocity components. The basis consists of two conserved vectors. By integrating the corresponding conservation laws across the jet and imposing the boundary conditions, conserved quantities are derived for the axisymmetric liquid and free jet. The multiplier approach applied to the third-order partial differential equation for the stream function yields two local conserved vectors one of which is a non-local conserved vector for the system. One of the conserved vectors gives the conserved quantity for the axisymmetric free jet but the conserved quantity for the wall jet is not obtained from the second conserved vector. The conserved quantity for the axisymmetric wall jet is derived from a non-local conserved vector of the third-order partial differential equation for the stream function. This non-local conserved vector for the third-order partial differential equation for the stream function is obtained by using the stream function as multiplier.
Abstract: Unlike Christianity and Buddhism, Islam, being one
of the three universal world religions, actively penetrates into
people-s everyday life. The main reason for this is that in Islam the
religion and ideology, philosophy, religious organizations and state
bodies are closely interrelated. In order to analyze the state of being
of interrelations of religion and civil society in Kazakhstan, it is
necessary to study Islam and its relations with spiritual culture of the
society. According to the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan
the religion is separated from the state, i.e. each performs its own
function without interfering into each other-s affairs. The right of the
citizens of our republic to freedom of thinking and faith is based on
the Constitution of the RK, Civil Code, Law “On freedom of faith
and religious unions in the Republic of Kazakhstan".
Legislatively secured separation of the mosque and church from
the state does not mean that religion has no influence on the latter.
The state, consisting of citizens with their own beliefs, including
religious ones, cannot be isolated from the influence of religion.
Nowadays it is commonly accepted that it is not possible to
understand and forecast key social processes without taking into
account the religious factor.