Physical and Thermo-Physical Properties of High Strength Concrete Containing Raw Rice Husk after High Temperature Effect
High temperature is one of the most detrimental
effects that cause important changes in concrete’s mechanical,
physical, and thermo-physical properties. As a result of these
changes, especially high strength concrete (HSC), may exhibit
damages such as cracks and spallings. To overcome this problem,
incorporating polymer fibers such as polypropylene (PP) in concrete
is a very well-known method. In this study, using RRH, as a
sustainable material, instead of PP fiber in HSC to prevent spallings
and improve physical and thermo-physical properties were
investigated. Therefore, seven HSC mixtures with 0.25 water to
binder ratio were prepared incorporating silica fume and blast furnace
slag. PP and RRH were used at 0.2-0.5% and 0.5-3% by weight of
cement, respectively. All specimens were subjected to high
temperatures (20 (control), 300, 600 and 900˚C) with a heating rate
of 2.5˚C/min and after cooling, residual physical and thermo-physical
properties were determined.
[1] S. Aydın and B. Baradan, "Yuksek Sicakliga Dayanikli Beton
Gelistirilmesi,”in Turkish, TMMOB Chamber of Civil Engineerings, 5th
National Conference of Concrete, Istanbul, 2003.
[2] G.Kalifa, C. Chene, and C. Galle, ‘’ High-temperature Behavior of HPC
with Polypropylene Fibers from Spalling to Microstructure,’’ Cement
and Concrete Research, 2001, vol. 31, no.10, pp.1487-1499.
[3] C. G. Han, Y.S. Hwang, S.H. Yang and N. Gowripalan, ‘’Performance
of Spalling Resistance of High Performance Concrete with
Polypropylene Fiber Contents and Lateral Confinement,’’ Cement and
Concrete Research, 2005, vol. 35, no.9, pp.1747-1753.
[4] M. Kanema, M.V.G. Morais, A. Noumowe, J.L. Gallias and R.
Cabrillac, ‘’Experimental and numerical studies of thermo-hydrous
transfers in concrete exposed to high temperature,’’ Heat Mass Transfer,
2007, vol. 44, pp.149-164.
[5] G.A. Khoury, ‘’Effect of heat on concrete,’’ International Center for
Mechanical Sciences, Udine, Italy, 9-13 June, 2003.
[6] G.A. Khoury and B. Willoughby, ‘’Polypropylene fibers in heated
concrete. Part1: Molecular structure and materials behaviour’’ Magazine
of Concrete Research, 2008,vol.60, no.2, pp.125-136.
[7] J. Xiao andH Falkner, ‘’On residual strength of high-performance
concrete with and without polypropylene fibers at elevated
temperatures’’, Fire Safety Journal, 2006, vol.41, no.2, pp.115-121.
[8] R.D. Toledo Filho and M.A. Sanjuan, ‘’Effect of Low Modulus Sisal
and Polypropylene Fiber on the Free and Restrained Shrinkage of
Mortars at Early Age’’ Cement and Concrete Research, 1999, vol.29,
pp.1597-1604.
[9] M. Nili and V. Afroughsabet ‘’The effects of silica fume and
polypropylene fibers on the impact resistance and mechanical properties
of concrete’’ Construction and Building Materials, 2010, vol.24, pp.
927-933.
[10] G.W. Ehrenstein, Polymeric Materials-Structure-Properties-
Applications, Munich, 2001.
[11] V. Purohit and R.A. Orzel, ‘’Polypropylene: A Literature Review of the
Thermal Decomposition Products and Toxicity,’’ International Journal
of Toxicology, 1998, vol. 2, pp. 221-242.
[12] Rice production statistics all over the world in 2011,
http://faostat3.fao.org/home/index.html#VISUALIZE_TOP_20, 09 July
2013.
[13] F. Mazlum, ‘’Pirinc Kabugu Kulunun Puzolanik Ozellikleri ve Kulun
Cimento Harcının Dayanıklılıgına Etkisi,’’ in Turkish, PhD Thesis,
Đstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science, Istanbul, 1989.
[14] N. Yuzer, F. Akoz, Z. Cınar, H. Biricik, N. Kabay, A. Kızılkanat, and Y.
Yalcin, ‘’The Effect of Rice Husk Addition on High Temperature
Performance of Concrete,’’ Scientific Research Project Report (2009-
05-01-ODAP01), 2012, Yildiz Technical University Research
Foundation.
[15] N. Yuzer, Z. Cinar, F. Akoz, H. Biricik, Y. Yalcin Gurkan, N. Kabay,
and B. A. Kizilkanat, ‘’Influence of Raw Rice Husk Addition on
Structure and Properties of Concrete’’ Construction and Building
Materials, 2013, vol.44, pp. 54-62.
[16] ASTM C642-06, Standard Test Method for Density, Absorption, and
Voids in Hardened Concrete, 2006.
[17] TS EN 12086, Thermal insulating products for building applications-
Determination of water vapor transmission properties, 2002.
[18] Z.P. Bazant and M.F. Kaplan, Concrete at High Temperatures,
Longman Group Limited, London, 1996.
[19] TS ISO 8302, Thermal insulation; determination of steady-state thermal
resistance and related properties; guarded hot plate apparatus, 2002.
[20] P. Kalifa, D. Menneteau, and D. Quenard, ‘’Spalling and pore pressure
in HPC at high temperature’’ Cement and Concrete Research, 2000,
vol.30, pp.1915-1927.
[21] Y.N.S. Chan, G.F. Peng and M. Anson, ‘’Fire behavior of high
performance concrete made with silica fume at different moisture
contents,’’ ACI Materials Journal,1999, vol.95, pp.405-409.
[22] B. Georgali andP.E. Tsakiridis, ‘’Microstructure of fire damaged
concrete,’’Cement and Concrete Composites, 2005, vol.27, pp. 255-259.
[23] A.M. Neville, Properties of Concrete, Fourth Edition, Pearson
Education, Harlow, England, 2000.
[24] G.A. Khoury and C.E. Majorana, ‘’Effect of heat on concrete’’. In:
Proceedings of the International Center for Mechanical Sciences
(ICSM), Udine, Italy, 2003.
[25] W.M. Lin, TD. Lin and L.J. Powers-Couche, ‘’Microstructures of firedamaged
concrete. A case study,’’ACI Material Journal, 1996, vol.93,
no.3, pp.199-205.
[1] S. Aydın and B. Baradan, "Yuksek Sicakliga Dayanikli Beton
Gelistirilmesi,”in Turkish, TMMOB Chamber of Civil Engineerings, 5th
National Conference of Concrete, Istanbul, 2003.
[2] G.Kalifa, C. Chene, and C. Galle, ‘’ High-temperature Behavior of HPC
with Polypropylene Fibers from Spalling to Microstructure,’’ Cement
and Concrete Research, 2001, vol. 31, no.10, pp.1487-1499.
[3] C. G. Han, Y.S. Hwang, S.H. Yang and N. Gowripalan, ‘’Performance
of Spalling Resistance of High Performance Concrete with
Polypropylene Fiber Contents and Lateral Confinement,’’ Cement and
Concrete Research, 2005, vol. 35, no.9, pp.1747-1753.
[4] M. Kanema, M.V.G. Morais, A. Noumowe, J.L. Gallias and R.
Cabrillac, ‘’Experimental and numerical studies of thermo-hydrous
transfers in concrete exposed to high temperature,’’ Heat Mass Transfer,
2007, vol. 44, pp.149-164.
[5] G.A. Khoury, ‘’Effect of heat on concrete,’’ International Center for
Mechanical Sciences, Udine, Italy, 9-13 June, 2003.
[6] G.A. Khoury and B. Willoughby, ‘’Polypropylene fibers in heated
concrete. Part1: Molecular structure and materials behaviour’’ Magazine
of Concrete Research, 2008,vol.60, no.2, pp.125-136.
[7] J. Xiao andH Falkner, ‘’On residual strength of high-performance
concrete with and without polypropylene fibers at elevated
temperatures’’, Fire Safety Journal, 2006, vol.41, no.2, pp.115-121.
[8] R.D. Toledo Filho and M.A. Sanjuan, ‘’Effect of Low Modulus Sisal
and Polypropylene Fiber on the Free and Restrained Shrinkage of
Mortars at Early Age’’ Cement and Concrete Research, 1999, vol.29,
pp.1597-1604.
[9] M. Nili and V. Afroughsabet ‘’The effects of silica fume and
polypropylene fibers on the impact resistance and mechanical properties
of concrete’’ Construction and Building Materials, 2010, vol.24, pp.
927-933.
[10] G.W. Ehrenstein, Polymeric Materials-Structure-Properties-
Applications, Munich, 2001.
[11] V. Purohit and R.A. Orzel, ‘’Polypropylene: A Literature Review of the
Thermal Decomposition Products and Toxicity,’’ International Journal
of Toxicology, 1998, vol. 2, pp. 221-242.
[12] Rice production statistics all over the world in 2011,
http://faostat3.fao.org/home/index.html#VISUALIZE_TOP_20, 09 July
2013.
[13] F. Mazlum, ‘’Pirinc Kabugu Kulunun Puzolanik Ozellikleri ve Kulun
Cimento Harcının Dayanıklılıgına Etkisi,’’ in Turkish, PhD Thesis,
Đstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science, Istanbul, 1989.
[14] N. Yuzer, F. Akoz, Z. Cınar, H. Biricik, N. Kabay, A. Kızılkanat, and Y.
Yalcin, ‘’The Effect of Rice Husk Addition on High Temperature
Performance of Concrete,’’ Scientific Research Project Report (2009-
05-01-ODAP01), 2012, Yildiz Technical University Research
Foundation.
[15] N. Yuzer, Z. Cinar, F. Akoz, H. Biricik, Y. Yalcin Gurkan, N. Kabay,
and B. A. Kizilkanat, ‘’Influence of Raw Rice Husk Addition on
Structure and Properties of Concrete’’ Construction and Building
Materials, 2013, vol.44, pp. 54-62.
[16] ASTM C642-06, Standard Test Method for Density, Absorption, and
Voids in Hardened Concrete, 2006.
[17] TS EN 12086, Thermal insulating products for building applications-
Determination of water vapor transmission properties, 2002.
[18] Z.P. Bazant and M.F. Kaplan, Concrete at High Temperatures,
Longman Group Limited, London, 1996.
[19] TS ISO 8302, Thermal insulation; determination of steady-state thermal
resistance and related properties; guarded hot plate apparatus, 2002.
[20] P. Kalifa, D. Menneteau, and D. Quenard, ‘’Spalling and pore pressure
in HPC at high temperature’’ Cement and Concrete Research, 2000,
vol.30, pp.1915-1927.
[21] Y.N.S. Chan, G.F. Peng and M. Anson, ‘’Fire behavior of high
performance concrete made with silica fume at different moisture
contents,’’ ACI Materials Journal,1999, vol.95, pp.405-409.
[22] B. Georgali andP.E. Tsakiridis, ‘’Microstructure of fire damaged
concrete,’’Cement and Concrete Composites, 2005, vol.27, pp. 255-259.
[23] A.M. Neville, Properties of Concrete, Fourth Edition, Pearson
Education, Harlow, England, 2000.
[24] G.A. Khoury and C.E. Majorana, ‘’Effect of heat on concrete’’. In:
Proceedings of the International Center for Mechanical Sciences
(ICSM), Udine, Italy, 2003.
[25] W.M. Lin, TD. Lin and L.J. Powers-Couche, ‘’Microstructures of firedamaged
concrete. A case study,’’ACI Material Journal, 1996, vol.93,
no.3, pp.199-205.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:67777", author = "B. Akturk and N. Yuzer and N. Kabay", title = "Physical and Thermo-Physical Properties of High Strength Concrete Containing Raw Rice Husk after High Temperature Effect", abstract = "High temperature is one of the most detrimental
effects that cause important changes in concrete’s mechanical,
physical, and thermo-physical properties. As a result of these
changes, especially high strength concrete (HSC), may exhibit
damages such as cracks and spallings. To overcome this problem,
incorporating polymer fibers such as polypropylene (PP) in concrete
is a very well-known method. In this study, using RRH, as a
sustainable material, instead of PP fiber in HSC to prevent spallings
and improve physical and thermo-physical properties were
investigated. Therefore, seven HSC mixtures with 0.25 water to
binder ratio were prepared incorporating silica fume and blast furnace
slag. PP and RRH were used at 0.2-0.5% and 0.5-3% by weight of
cement, respectively. All specimens were subjected to high
temperatures (20 (control), 300, 600 and 900˚C) with a heating rate
of 2.5˚C/min and after cooling, residual physical and thermo-physical
properties were determined.
", keywords = "High temperature, high strength concrete,
polypropylene fiber, raw rice husk, thermo-physical properties.", volume = "8", number = "8", pages = "881-6", }
