Packing Theory for Natural and Crushed Aggregate to Obtain the Best Mix of Aggregate: Research and Development
Concrete performance is strongly affected by the
particle packing degree since it determines the distribution of the
cementitious component and the interaction of mineral particles. By
using packing theory designers will be able to select optimal
aggregate materials for preparing concrete with low cement content,
which is beneficial from the point of cost. Optimum particle packing
implies minimizing porosity and thereby reducing the amount of
cement paste needed to fill the voids between the aggregate particles,
taking also the rheology of the concrete into consideration. For
reaching good fluidity superplasticizers are required. The results from
pilot tests at Luleå University of Technology (LTU) show various
forms of the proposed theoretical models, and the empirical approach
taken in the study seems to provide a safer basis for developing new,
improved packing models.
[1] K. Senthil V., S. Manu, "Particle packing theories and their application
in concrete mixture proportioning: A review" The Indian Concrete
Journal, Sep. 2003, pp 1324-1331.
[2] F. De Larrard, Concrete mixture proportioning. A Scientific Approach,
E & FN Spon, 1999.
[3] P. Goltermann, V. Johansen, L. Palb├ÿl, "Packing of aggregates: An
alternative tool to determine the optimal aggregate mix" in ACI
Materials Journal, Vol. 94, No. 5, Sep.-Oct. 1997, pp 435-443.
[4] P. J. Andersen, V. Johansen, "Particle packing and concrete properties"
Materials Science of Concrete II, J. Sknlny and S. Mindess, (edited),
the American Ceramic Society, Inc., Westerville, Ohio. 1991, pp. 111-
146.
[5] N. Kristoffer, Packing theory for crushed aggregates in concrete.
Diploma work thesis, ETSEIB, Betongindustri AB, Luleå University of
Technology, 2005, 72 pp.
[6] M. Glavind, E. J. Pedersen, "Packing Calculations Applied for Concrete
Mix Design" Proceedings Creating with Concrete, University of
Dundee, May 1999, pp. 1-10.
[7] T. Stovall, F. De Larrard, M. Buil," Linear packing density model of
grain mixtures" in Powder Technology, Vol.48, Sep. 1986,pp. 1-12.
[8] M. Glavind, S. G. Olsen, "Packing calculations and concrete mix
design" The Nordic Concrete Federation, No. 2, Copenhagen, Danish
Technological Institute, 1993, pp. 21-34.
[9] Teknologisk Institut, the Danish Technological Institute,
http://www.danishtechnology.dk/
[10] C. Pade, L. N. Thrane, M. Kaasgaard,"4C-Packing: User-s manual"
Concrete Centre, Danish Technological Institute, Feb. 2009, PP 2-24.
[11] U. Sofia, "Performance based concrete mix-design" Doctoral thesis,
Luleå University of Technology, 2008.
[1] K. Senthil V., S. Manu, "Particle packing theories and their application
in concrete mixture proportioning: A review" The Indian Concrete
Journal, Sep. 2003, pp 1324-1331.
[2] F. De Larrard, Concrete mixture proportioning. A Scientific Approach,
E & FN Spon, 1999.
[3] P. Goltermann, V. Johansen, L. Palb├ÿl, "Packing of aggregates: An
alternative tool to determine the optimal aggregate mix" in ACI
Materials Journal, Vol. 94, No. 5, Sep.-Oct. 1997, pp 435-443.
[4] P. J. Andersen, V. Johansen, "Particle packing and concrete properties"
Materials Science of Concrete II, J. Sknlny and S. Mindess, (edited),
the American Ceramic Society, Inc., Westerville, Ohio. 1991, pp. 111-
146.
[5] N. Kristoffer, Packing theory for crushed aggregates in concrete.
Diploma work thesis, ETSEIB, Betongindustri AB, Luleå University of
Technology, 2005, 72 pp.
[6] M. Glavind, E. J. Pedersen, "Packing Calculations Applied for Concrete
Mix Design" Proceedings Creating with Concrete, University of
Dundee, May 1999, pp. 1-10.
[7] T. Stovall, F. De Larrard, M. Buil," Linear packing density model of
grain mixtures" in Powder Technology, Vol.48, Sep. 1986,pp. 1-12.
[8] M. Glavind, S. G. Olsen, "Packing calculations and concrete mix
design" The Nordic Concrete Federation, No. 2, Copenhagen, Danish
Technological Institute, 1993, pp. 21-34.
[9] Teknologisk Institut, the Danish Technological Institute,
http://www.danishtechnology.dk/
[10] C. Pade, L. N. Thrane, M. Kaasgaard,"4C-Packing: User-s manual"
Concrete Centre, Danish Technological Institute, Feb. 2009, PP 2-24.
[11] U. Sofia, "Performance based concrete mix-design" Doctoral thesis,
Luleå University of Technology, 2008.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:49936", author = "Mohammed H. Mohammed and Mats Emborg and Roland Pusch and Sven Knutsson", title = "Packing Theory for Natural and Crushed Aggregate to Obtain the Best Mix of Aggregate: Research and Development", abstract = "Concrete performance is strongly affected by the
particle packing degree since it determines the distribution of the
cementitious component and the interaction of mineral particles. By
using packing theory designers will be able to select optimal
aggregate materials for preparing concrete with low cement content,
which is beneficial from the point of cost. Optimum particle packing
implies minimizing porosity and thereby reducing the amount of
cement paste needed to fill the voids between the aggregate particles,
taking also the rheology of the concrete into consideration. For
reaching good fluidity superplasticizers are required. The results from
pilot tests at Luleå University of Technology (LTU) show various
forms of the proposed theoretical models, and the empirical approach
taken in the study seems to provide a safer basis for developing new,
improved packing models.", keywords = "Aggregate mix, Computer program, Concrete mix
design, Models of packing.", volume = "6", number = "7", pages = "414-7", }