Abstract: Previously, harmonic parameters (HPs) have been
selected as features extracted from EEG signals for automatic sleep
scoring. However, in previous studies, only one HP parameter was
used, which were directly extracted from the whole epoch of EEG
signal.
In this study, two different transformations were applied to extract
HPs from EEG signals: Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) and wavelet
transform (WT). EEG signals are decomposed by the two
transformations; and features were extracted from different
components. Twelve parameters (four sets of HPs) were extracted.
Some of the parameters are highly diverse among different stages.
Afterward, HPs from two transformations were used to building a
rough sleep stages scoring model using the classifier SVM. The
performance of this model is about 78% using the features obtained by
our proposed extractions. Our results suggest that these features may
be useful for automatic sleep stages scoring.
Abstract: In this paper, the robust exponential stability problem of discrete-time uncertain stochastic neural networks with timevarying delays is investigated. By introducing a new augmented Lyapunov function, some delay-dependent stable results are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique. Compared with some existing results in the literature, the conservatism of the new criteria is reduced notably. Three numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the less conservatism and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Abstract: Three-dimensional simulation of harmonic up
generation in free electron laser amplifier operating simultaneously
with a cold and relativistic electron beam is presented in steady-state
regime where the slippage of the electromagnetic wave with respect
to the electron beam is ignored. By using slowly varying envelope
approximation and applying the source-dependent expansion to wave
equations, electromagnetic fields are represented in terms of the
Hermit Gaussian modes which are well suited for the planar wiggler
configuration. The electron dynamics is described by the fully threedimensional
Lorentz force equation in presence of the realistic planar
magnetostatic wiggler and electromagnetic fields. A set of coupled
nonlinear first-order differential equations is derived and solved
numerically. The fundamental and third harmonic radiation of the
beam is considered. In addition to uniform beam, prebunched
electron beam has also been studied. For this effect of sinusoidal
distribution of entry times for the electron beam on the evolution of
radiation is compared with uniform distribution. It is shown that
prebunching reduces the saturation length substantially. For
efficiency enhancement the wiggler is set to decrease linearly when
the radiation of the third harmonic saturates. The optimum starting
point of tapering and the slope of radiation in the amplitude of
wiggler are found by successive run of the code.
Abstract: This paper presented a new approach for centralized
monitoring and self-protected against fiber fault in fiber-to-the-home
(FTTH) access network by using Smart Access Network Testing,
Analyzing and Database (SANTAD). SANTAD will be installed
with optical line terminal (OLT) at central office (CO) for in-service
transmission surveillance and fiber fault localization within FTTH
with point-to-multipoint (P2MP) configuration downwardly from CO
towards customer residential locations based on the graphical user
interface (GUI) processing capabilities of MATLAB software.
SANTAD is able to detect any fiber fault as well as identify the
failure location in the network system. SANTAD enable the status of
each optical network unit (ONU) connected line is displayed onto
one screen with capability to configure the attenuation and detect the
failure simultaneously. The analysis results and information will be
delivered to the field engineer for promptly actions, meanwhile the
failure line will be diverted to protection line to ensure the traffic
flow continuously. This approach has a bright prospect to improve
the survivability and reliability as well as increase the efficiency and
monitoring capabilities in FTTH.
Abstract: Ligula intestinalis is a three-host life-cycle
Pseudophyllidean Cestode which in its plerocercoid stage infests a
range of fresh water species. The objective of the present study was
the worm occurrence within planctonic copepods, fishes and
piscivorous birds and examine of parasite-hosts samples in the Lake
of Sattarkhan Dam (near the city of Ahar, East Azerbaijan, Iran).
Fish sample were collected with fyke and gill nets and the abdominal
cavity was examined for the presence of ligula. Zooplanktons were
captured using a planktonic net and occurrence of parasitic larval
form in the body cavity was determined. Piscivorous birds were
selected by telescope, they hunted and dissected for presence of
parasite eggs in their gut. Results indicated that prevalence of
infection was 16% for cyclopid copepoda and majority of infected
cyclopid were female Cyclops. Investigation of 310 fishes specimens
were indicated to infection of five species of cyprinid fishes. In
addition, results indicated to manipulation of six species of migratory
aquatic and semi aquatic birds by ligula. Obtained results are in
agreement by previous studies. Its definite in this study that all of
fishes in Sattarkhan Lake capable to infection, its important for
health because they capture by native people and it is documented
that ligula can be introduce as a zoonose. It's seemed that to prevent
from disperses of parasite and restricted of infection, biological
elimination can be effective and it's necessary to inform native
people about sanitation.
Abstract: This paper offers suggestions for educators at all levels about how to better prepare our students for the future, by building on the past. The discussion begins with a summary of changes in the World Wide Web, especially as the term Web 3.0 is being heard. The bulk of the discussion is retrospective and concerned with an overview of traditional teaching and research approaches as they evolved during the 20th century beginning with those grounded in the Cartesian reality of IA Richards- (1929) Practical Criticism. The paper concludes with a proposal of five strategies which incorporate timeless elements from the past as well as cutting-edge elements from today, in order to better prepare our students for the future.
Abstract: Most of the commonly used blind equalization algorithms are based on the minimization of a nonconvex and nonlinear cost function and a neural network gives smaller residual error as compared to a linear structure. The efficacy of complex valued feedforward neural networks for blind equalization of linear and nonlinear communication channels has been confirmed by many studies. In this paper we present two neural network models for blind equalization of time-varying channels, for M-ary QAM and PSK signals. The complex valued activation functions, suitable for these signal constellations in time-varying environment, are introduced and the learning algorithms based on the CMA cost function are derived. The improved performance of the proposed models is confirmed through computer simulations.
Abstract: A mathematical model for the hydrodynamic
lubrication of parabolic slider bearings with couple stress lubricants
is presented. A numerical solution for the mathematical model using
finite element scheme is obtained using three nodes isoparametric
quadratic elements. Stiffness integrals obtained from the weak form
of the governing equations were solved using Gauss Quadrature to
obtain a finite number of stiffness matrices. The global system of
equations was obtained for the bearing and solved using Gauss Seidel
iterative scheme. The converged pressure solution was used to obtain
the load capacity of the bearing. Parametric studies were carried out
and it was shown that the effect of couple stresses and profile
parameter are to increase the load carrying capacity of the parabolic
slider bearing. Numerical experiments reveal that the magnitude of
the profile parameter at which maximum load is obtained increases
with decrease in couple stress parameter. The results are presented in
graphical form.
Abstract: The beneficial effects of Si are mainly associated with
its high deposition in plant tissue and enhancing their strength and
rigidity. We investigated the role of Si against cadmium stress in
(Echium C) in house green condition. When the seventh leaves was
be appeared, plants were pretreated with five levels of Si: 0, 0.2, 0.5,
0.7and 1.5 mM Si (as sodium trisilicate, Na2(SiO2)3) and after that
plants were treated with two levels of Cd (30 and 90 mM). The
effects of Silicon and Cd were investigated on some physiological
and biochemical parameters such as: lipid peroxidation
(malondialdehyde (MDA) and other aldehydes, antocyanin and
flavonoid content. Our results showed that Cd significantly increased
MDA, other aldehydes, antocyanin and flavonoids content in
Echium and silicon offset the negative effect and increased tolerance
of Echium against Cd stress. From this results we concluded that Si
increase membrane integrity and antioxidative ability in this plant
against cd stress.
Abstract: This paper proposes a methodology for mitigating the occurrence of cascading failure in stressed power systems. The methodology is essentially based on predicting voltage instability in the power system using a voltage stability index and then devising a corrective action in order to increase the voltage stability margin. The paper starts with a brief description of the cascading failure mechanism which is probable root cause of severe blackouts. Then, the voltage instability indices are introduced in order to evaluate stability limit. The aim of the analysis is to assure that the coordination of protection, by adopting load shedding scheme, capable of enhancing performance of the system after the major location of instability is determined. Finally, the proposed method to generate instability prediction is introduced.
Abstract: In this paper the concept of strongly (λM)p - Ces'aro
summability of a sequence of fuzzy numbers and strongly λM- statistically convergent sequences of fuzzy numbers is introduced.
Abstract: We presented results of research aimed on findings
influence of social - psychological training (realized with students of
Constantine the Philosopher University- future teachers within their
undergraduate preparation) on the choice of intrapersonal and
interpersonal features. After social- psychological training using
Interpersonal Check List (ICL) we found out shift of behavior to
more adaptive forms in categories, which are characterized by
extroversive friendly behavior, willingness to cooperation,
conformity regard to social situation, responsible and regardful
behavior.
Using State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) we found out the cut
down of state anxiety and of trait anxiety. The report was processed
within grants KEGA 3/5269/07 and VEGA 1/3675/06.
Abstract: In this paper, the differential quadrature method is applied to simulate natural convection in an inclined cubic cavity using velocity-vorticity formulation. The numerical capability of the present algorithm is demonstrated by application to natural convection in an inclined cubic cavity. The velocity Poisson equations, the vorticity transport equations and the energy equation are all solved as a coupled system of equations for the seven field variables consisting of three velocities, three vorticities and temperature. The coupled equations are simultaneously solved by imposing the vorticity definition at boundary without requiring the explicit specification of the vorticity boundary conditions. Test results obtained for an inclined cubic cavity with different angle of inclinations for Rayleigh number equal to 103, 104, 105 and 106 indicate that the present coupled solution algorithm could predict the benchmark results for temperature and flow fields. Thus, it is convinced that the present formulation is capable of solving coupled Navier-Stokes equations effectively and accurately.
Abstract: Noise has adverse effect on human health and
comfort. Noise not only cause hearing impairment, but it also acts as
a causal factor for stress and raising systolic pressure. Additionally it
can be a causal factor in work accidents, both by marking hazards
and warning signals and by impeding concentration. Industry
workers also suffer psychological and physical stress as well as
hearing loss due to industrial noise. This paper proposes an approach
to enable engineers to point out quantitatively the noisiest source for
modification, while multiple machines are operating simultaneously.
The model with the point source and spherical radiation in a free field
was adopted to formulate the problem. The procedure works very
well in ideal cases (point source and free field). However, most of the
industrial noise problems are complicated by the fact that the noise is
confined in a room. Reflections from the walls, floor, ceiling, and
equipment in a room create a reverberant sound field that alters the
sound wave characteristics from those for the free field. So the model
was validated for relatively low absorption room at NIT Kurukshetra
Central Workshop. The results of validation pointed out that the
estimated sound power of noise sources under simultaneous
conditions were on lower side, within the error limits 3.56 - 6.35 %.
Thus suggesting the use of this methodology for practical
implementation in industry. To demonstrate the application of the
above analytical procedure for estimating the sound power of noise
sources under simultaneous operating conditions, a manufacturing
facility (Railway Workshop at Yamunanagar, India) having five
sound sources (machines) on its workshop floor is considered in this
study. The findings of the case study had identified the two most
effective candidates (noise sources) for noise control in the Railway
Workshop Yamunanagar, India. The study suggests that the
modification in the design and/or replacement of these two identified
noisiest sources (machine) would be necessary so as to achieve an
effective reduction in noise levels. Further, the estimated data allows
engineers to better understand the noise situations of the workplace
and to revise the map when changes occur in noise level due to a
workplace re-layout.
Abstract: Wavelet transform has been extensively used in
machine fault diagnosis and prognosis owing to its strength to deal
with non-stationary signals. The existing Wavelet transform based
schemes for fault diagnosis employ wavelet decomposition of the
entire vibration frequency which not only involve huge
computational overhead in extracting the features but also increases
the dimensionality of the feature vector. This increase in the
dimensionality has the tendency to 'over-fit' the training data and
could mislead the fault diagnostic model. In this paper a novel
technique, envelope wavelet packet transform (EWPT) is proposed in
which features are extracted based on wavelet packet transform of the
filtered envelope signal rather than the overall vibration signal. It not
only reduces the computational overhead in terms of reduced number
of wavelet decomposition levels and features but also improves the
fault detection accuracy. Analytical expressions are provided for the
optimal frequency resolution and decomposition level selection in
EWPT. Experimental results with both actual and simulated machine
fault data demonstrate significant gain in fault detection ability by
EWPT at reduced complexity compared to existing techniques.
Abstract: Natural gas is defined as gas obtained from a natural underground reservoir. It generally contains a large quantity of methane along with heavier hydrocarbons such as ethane, propane, isobutene, normal butane; also in the raw state it often contains a considerable amount of non hydrocarbons, such as nitrogen and the acid gases (carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide). The acid gases must be removed from natural gas before use. One of the processes witch are use in the industry to remove the acid gases from natural gas is the use of alkanolamine process. In this present paper, a simulation study for an industrial gas sweetening plant has been investigated. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of using mixing amines as solvent on the gas treatment process using the software Hysys.
Abstract: Flight management system (FMS) is a specialized
computer system that automates a wide variety of in-flight tasks,
reducing the workload on the flight crew to the point that modern
aircraft no longer carry flight engineers or navigators. The primary
function of FMS is to perform the in-flight management of the flight
plan using various sensors (such as GPS and INS often backed up by
radio navigation) to determine the aircraft's position. From the
cockpit FMS is normally controlled through a Control Display Unit
(CDU) which incorporates a small screen and keyboard or touch
screen. This paper investigates the performance of GPS/ INS
integration techniques in which the data fusion process is done using
Kalman filtering. This will include the importance of sensors
calibration as well as the alignment of the strap down inertial
navigation system. The limitations of the inertial navigation systems
are investigated in order to understand why INS sometimes is
integrated with other navigation aids and not just operating in standalone
mode. Finally, both the loosely coupled and tightly coupled
configurations are analyzed for several types of situations and
operational conditions.
Abstract: This paper discusses a design of nonlinear observer by
a formal linearization method using an application of Chebyshev Interpolation
in order to facilitate processes for synthesizing a nonlinear
observer and to improve the precision of linearization.
A dynamic nonlinear system is linearized with respect to a linearization
function, and a measurement equation is transformed into
an augmented linear one by the formal linearization method which is
based on Chebyshev interpolation. To the linearized system, a linear
estimation theory is applied and a nonlinear observer is derived. To
show effectiveness of the observer design, numerical experiments
are illustrated and they indicate that the design shows remarkable
performances for nonlinear systems.
Abstract: Can biometrics do what everyone is expecting it will?
And more importantly, should it be doing it? Biometrics is the
buzzword “on the mouth" of everyone, who are trying to use this
technology in a variety of applications. But all this “hype" about
biometrics can be dangerous without a careful evaluation of the real
needs of each application. In this paper I-ll try to focus on the
dangers of using the right technology at the right time in the wrong
place.
Abstract: The increasing industrialization and motorization of the world has led to a steep rise for the demand of petroleum-based fuels. Petroleum-based fuels are obtained from limited reserves. These finite reserves are highly concentrated in certain regions of the world. Therefore, those countries not having these resources are facing energy/foreign exchange crisis, mainly due to the import of crude petroleum. Hence, it is necessary to look for alternative fuels which can be produced from resources available locally within the country such as alcohol, biodiesel, vegetable oils etc. Biodiesel is a renewable, domestically produced fuel that has been shown to reduce particulate, hydrocarbon, and carbon monoxide emissions from combustion. In the present study an experimental investigation on emission characteristic of a liquid burner system operating on several percentage of biodiesel and gas oil is carried out. Samples of exhaust gas are analysed with Testo 350 Xl. The results show that biodiesel can lower some pollutant such as CO, CO2 and particulate matter emissions while NOx emission would increase in comparison with gas oil. The results indicate there may be benefits to using biodiesel in industrial processes.