Effect of Cow bone and Groundnut Shell Reinforced in Epoxy Resin on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of the Composites
It is an established fact that polymers have several
physical limitations such as low stiffness and low resistance to
impact on loading. Hence, polymers do not usually have requisite
mechanical strength for application in various fields. The
reinforcement by high strength fibers provides the polymer
substantially enhanced mechanical properties and makes them more
suitable for a large number of diverse applications. This research
evaluates the effects of particulate Cow bone and Groundnut shell
additions on the mechanical properties and microstructure of cow
bone and groundnut shell reinforced epoxy composite in order to
assess the possibility of using it as a material for engineering
applications. Cow bone and groundnut shell particles reinforced with
epoxy (CBRPC and GSRPC) was prepared by varying the cow bone
and groundnut shell particles from 0-25 wt% with 5 wt% intervals. A
Hybrid of the Cow bone and Groundnut shell (HGSCB) reinforce
with epoxy was also prepared. The mechanical properties of the
developed composites were investigated. Optical microscopy was
used to examine the microstructure of the composites. The results
revealed that mechanical properties did not increase uniformly with
additions in filler but exhibited maximum properties at specific
percentages of filler additions. From the Microscopic evaluation, it
was discovered that homogeneity decreases with increase in % filler,
this could be due to poor interfacial bonding.
[1] Prakash Tudu, “Processing and characterization of natural fiber
reinforced polymer composites, 2009”. B.Tech Thesis, Dept. of
Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela-
769008, India.
[2] B. Deepa, “Structure, properties and recyclability of natural fiber
reinforced polymer composites. Recent Developments in Polymer
Recycling, 2011” 101-120 ISBN: 978-81-7895-524-7.
[3] K. Begum, “Natural Fiber as a substitute to Synthetic Fiber in Polymer
Composites: A Review. Research Journal of Engineering Sciences,
2013”.
[4] Cláudia I. T. Navarro, “Microstructural Characterization of Natural
Fibers: Etlingeraelatior, Costuscomosus, and Heliconiabihai. Hindawi
Publishing Corporation Conference Papers in Materials Science,
Volume 2013” Article ID 878014, pp. 7.
[5] A.L. Naidu, “Study On Mechanical Behavior Of Groundnut Shell Fiber
Reinforced Polymer Metal Matrix Composities, 2013” International
Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) Vol. 2 Issue 2,
February- 2013 ISSN: 2278-0181.
[6] J.O. Agunsoye, “Mechanical Properties and Tribological Behaviour of
Recycled Polyethylene/Cow Bone Particulate Composite, 2013” Journal
of Materials Science Research; Vol. 2, No. 2; 2013 ISSN 1927-0585 EISSN
1927-0593. Published by Canadian Center of Science and
Education.
[7] O.O. Isiaka, “Influence of Cow Bone Particle Size Distribution on the
Mechanical Properties of Cow Bone-Reinforced Polyester Composites,
2013”. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Biotechnology Research
International Volume 2013, Article ID 725396, 5 pages
(http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/725396).
[8] S.Y. Fu, “Effects of particle size, particle/matrix interface adhesion and
particle loading on mechanical properties of particulate-polymer
composites, 2008”Composites Part B: Engineering, Volume 39, Issue 6,
September 2008, Pages 933-961.
[9] A.K. Mohanty, “Influence of chemical surface modification on the
properties of biodegradable jute fabrics—polyester amide composites,
2000”. Composites: Part A 31, 2000,pp. 143–150.
[1] Prakash Tudu, “Processing and characterization of natural fiber
reinforced polymer composites, 2009”. B.Tech Thesis, Dept. of
Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela-
769008, India.
[2] B. Deepa, “Structure, properties and recyclability of natural fiber
reinforced polymer composites. Recent Developments in Polymer
Recycling, 2011” 101-120 ISBN: 978-81-7895-524-7.
[3] K. Begum, “Natural Fiber as a substitute to Synthetic Fiber in Polymer
Composites: A Review. Research Journal of Engineering Sciences,
2013”.
[4] Cláudia I. T. Navarro, “Microstructural Characterization of Natural
Fibers: Etlingeraelatior, Costuscomosus, and Heliconiabihai. Hindawi
Publishing Corporation Conference Papers in Materials Science,
Volume 2013” Article ID 878014, pp. 7.
[5] A.L. Naidu, “Study On Mechanical Behavior Of Groundnut Shell Fiber
Reinforced Polymer Metal Matrix Composities, 2013” International
Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) Vol. 2 Issue 2,
February- 2013 ISSN: 2278-0181.
[6] J.O. Agunsoye, “Mechanical Properties and Tribological Behaviour of
Recycled Polyethylene/Cow Bone Particulate Composite, 2013” Journal
of Materials Science Research; Vol. 2, No. 2; 2013 ISSN 1927-0585 EISSN
1927-0593. Published by Canadian Center of Science and
Education.
[7] O.O. Isiaka, “Influence of Cow Bone Particle Size Distribution on the
Mechanical Properties of Cow Bone-Reinforced Polyester Composites,
2013”. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Biotechnology Research
International Volume 2013, Article ID 725396, 5 pages
(http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/725396).
[8] S.Y. Fu, “Effects of particle size, particle/matrix interface adhesion and
particle loading on mechanical properties of particulate-polymer
composites, 2008”Composites Part B: Engineering, Volume 39, Issue 6,
September 2008, Pages 933-961.
[9] A.K. Mohanty, “Influence of chemical surface modification on the
properties of biodegradable jute fabrics—polyester amide composites,
2000”. Composites: Part A 31, 2000,pp. 143–150.
@article{"International Journal of Chemical, Materials and Biomolecular Sciences:70393", author = "O. I. Rufai and G. I. Lawal and B. O. Bolasodun and S. I. Durowaye and J. O. Etoh", title = "Effect of Cow bone and Groundnut Shell Reinforced in Epoxy Resin on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of the Composites", abstract = "It is an established fact that polymers have several
physical limitations such as low stiffness and low resistance to
impact on loading. Hence, polymers do not usually have requisite
mechanical strength for application in various fields. The
reinforcement by high strength fibers provides the polymer
substantially enhanced mechanical properties and makes them more
suitable for a large number of diverse applications. This research
evaluates the effects of particulate Cow bone and Groundnut shell
additions on the mechanical properties and microstructure of cow
bone and groundnut shell reinforced epoxy composite in order to
assess the possibility of using it as a material for engineering
applications. Cow bone and groundnut shell particles reinforced with
epoxy (CBRPC and GSRPC) was prepared by varying the cow bone
and groundnut shell particles from 0-25 wt% with 5 wt% intervals. A
Hybrid of the Cow bone and Groundnut shell (HGSCB) reinforce
with epoxy was also prepared. The mechanical properties of the
developed composites were investigated. Optical microscopy was
used to examine the microstructure of the composites. The results
revealed that mechanical properties did not increase uniformly with
additions in filler but exhibited maximum properties at specific
percentages of filler additions. From the Microscopic evaluation, it
was discovered that homogeneity decreases with increase in % filler,
this could be due to poor interfacial bonding.", keywords = "Groundnut shell reinforced polymer composite
(GSRPC), Cow bone reinforced polymer composite (CBRPC),
Hybrid of ground nutshell and cowbone (HGSCB).", volume = "9", number = "2", pages = "353-7", }