Evaluation of Tension Capacity of Pile (Case Study in Sandy Soil)

High building constructions are increasing in south beaches of the Caspian Sea because of tourist attractions and limitation of residential areas. According to saturated alluvial fields transfer of load from high structures to the soil by piles is inevitable. In spite of most of these piles are under compression forces, tension piles are used in special conditions. Few studies have been conducted because of the limited use of these piles. Tension capacity of openended pipe piles in full scale was tested in this study. The length of the bored piles was 420 up to 480 cm and all were in 120 cm diameter. The results of testing 7 piles were compared with the results of relations given by researches.




References:
[1] Lehane BM. Jardine RJ. Bond AJ, Frank R. 1993. Mechanisms of shaft
friction in sand from instrumented pile tests. J Geotechnical Eng., 119
(1):19-35.
[2] Lehane, B.M., and Jardine, R.J. 1994. Shaft capacity of driven piles in
sand: a new design approach. In proceedings of a Conference on the
Behavior of Offshore Structures, Boston, Mass., Vol. 1, pp. 23-36.
[3] Bustamante, M., and Gianeselli, L. 1982. Pile bearing capacity by means
of static penetrometer CPT: In Proceedings of the 2nd European
Symposium on Penetration Testing. Amsterdam, pp. 493-500.
[4] Jardine, R.J., Overy, R.F., and Chow, F.C. 1998. Axial capacity of
offshore piles in dense North Sea sand. Journal of Geotechnical and
Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 124(2): 171-178.
[5] Fugro Engineers B.V. (Fugro) 2004. Axial pile design method for
offshore driven piles in sand. Fugro Report No.P1003, Issue 3 to API, 5
August 2004: 122 pp.
[6] Lehane, B.M., White, D.J. 2005. Lateral stress changes and shaft friction
for model displacement piles in sand. Canadian Geotechnical Journal 42
(4): 1039-1052 August 2005.
[7] Alawneh AS. 1999. Tension piles in sand: a method including
degradation of shaft friction during driving. Transportation Research
Record No. 1663. National Research Council. Washington, DC, Paper
No.990092; p.41-9.
[8] Lehane, B.M. 1992. Experimental investigations of pile behavior using
instrumented field piles. Ph.D. thesis, University of London (Imperial College), London, U.K.
[9] Chow, F. 1997. Investigations into the behavior of displacement piles for offshore structures. PhD thesis, University of London (Imperial
College), London, U.K.
[10] Ramsey, N., Jardine, R.J., Lehane, B.M., and Ridly, A. 1998. A review
of soil-steel interface testing with the ring shear apparatus. In proceedings of the 6th Conference on Offshore Site Investigation and
Foundation Behavior. Society for underwater technology, London, U.K.,
pp. 237-258.
[11] Brucy, F., Meunier, J., & Nauroy, J.-F. 1991. Behavior of pile plug in sandy soils during and after driving. OTC 6514, proc., 23rd Annual
OTC, Houston: 145-154.
[12] Fleming W.G.K., Weltman A.J., Randolph M.F., Elson W.K. 1992
Piling Engineering. Taylor & Francis Group, London and New York.
[13] O'Neill, M.W., Hassan, K.M. 1994. Drilled Shafts: Effects of
construction on performance and design criteria. Proc., Int. Conf. Des.
Constr. Deep Founds. Orlando, FHWA, 1,137-187.
[14] O'Neill, M.W. 1994. Drilled Shafts. Proc., International Conf. on Design
and Construction of Deep Foundations, Fed. Highway Admin., Washington, D.C., Vol. 1, 185-206.
[15] Kraft, L.M., Lyons, C.G. 1974. State of the art- ultimate axial capacity of
grouted piles. Proceedings of the 6th Annual OTC, Houston, Texas,
pp.485-504.
[16] Lehanc, B.M., Schnider, J.A., and Xu, X. 2005. Evaluation of design
methods for displacement piles in sand. UWA Report, GEO: 05341.1.