Abstract: An envy behavioral game theoretical model with two
types of homogeneous players is considered in this paper. The
strategy space of each type of players is a discrete set with only
two alternatives. The preferences of each type of players is given
by a discrete utility function. All envy strategies that form Nash
equilibria and the corresponding envy Nash domains for each type
of players have been characterized. We use geometry to construct
two dimensional envy tilings where the horizontal axis reflects the
preference for players of type one, while the vertical axis reflects
the preference for the players of type two. The influence of the envy
behavior parameters on the Cartesian position of the equilibria has
been studied, and in each envy tiling we determine the envy Nash
equilibria. We observe that there are 1024 combinatorial classes of
envy tilings generated from envy chromosomes: 256 of them are
being structurally stable while 768 are with bifurcation. Finally, some
conditions for the disparate envy Nash equilibria are stated.
Abstract: Group contribution based models are widely used in
industrial applications for its convenience and flexibility. Although a
number of group contribution models have been proposed, there were
certain limitations inherent to those models. Models based on group
contribution excess Gibbs free energy are limited to low pressures and
models based on equation of state (EOS) cannot properly describe
highly nonideal mixtures including acids without introducing
additional modification such as chemical theory. In the present study
new a new approach derived from quantum chemistry have been used
to calculate necessary EOS group interaction parameters. The
COSMO-RS method, based on quantum mechanics, provides a
reliable tool for fluid phase thermodynamics. Benefits of the group
contribution EOS are the consistent extension to hydrogen-bonded
mixtures and the capability to predict polymer-solvent equilibria up to
high pressures. The authors are confident that with a sufficient
parameter matrix the performance of the lattice EOS can be improved
significantly.
Abstract: Hydrate phase equilibria for the binary CO2+water and
CH4+water mixtures in silica gel pore of nominal diameters 6, 30, and
100 nm were measured and compared with the calculated results based
on van der Waals and Platteeuw model. At a specific temperature,
three-phase hydrate-water-vapor (HLV) equilibrium curves for pore
hydrates were shifted to the higher-pressure condition depending on
pore sizes when compared with those of bulk hydrates. Notably,
hydrate phase equilibria for the case of 100 nominal nm pore size were
nearly identical with those of bulk hydrates. The activities of water in
porous silica gels were modified to account for capillary effect, and
the calculation results were generally in good agreement with the
experimental data. The structural characteristics of gas hydrates in
silica gel pores were investigated through NMR spectroscopy.